There are about 10460 clinical studies being (or have been) conducted in Australia. The country of the clinical trial is determined by the location of where the clinical research is being studied. Most studies are often held in multiple locations & countries.
Ambrisentan is an endothelin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Based on research suggesting a role for endothelin-1 in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and the poor prognosis for patients with IPF who are also diagnosed with PH, this study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of ambrisentan in that patient population.
With over one million operations a year, cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is one of the most common major surgical procedures worldwide (1). Acute kidney injury is a common and serious postoperative complication of cardiopulmonary bypass and may affect 25% to 50% of patients (2-4). Acute kidney injury carries significant costs (4) and is independently associated with increased morbidity and mortality (2,3). Even minimal increments in plasma creatinine are associated with an increase in mortality (5,6). Multiple causes of cardiopulmonary bypass-associated acute kidney injury have been proposed, including ischemia-reperfusion, generation of reactive oxygen species, hemolysis and activation of inflammatory pathways (7-10). To date, no simple, safe and effective intervention to prevent cardiopulmonary bypass-associated acute kidney injury in a broad patient population has been found (11-14). Urinary acidity may enhance the generation and toxicity of reactive oxygen species induced by cardiopulmonary bypass (10,15). Activation of complement during cardiac surgery (16) may also participate in kidney injury. Urinary alkalinization may protect from kidney injury induced by oxidant substances, iron-mediated free radical pathways, complement activation and tubular hemoglobin cast formation (9,17,18). Of note, increasing urinary pH - in combination with N-acetylcysteine (19,20) or without (21) - has recently been reported to attenuate acute kidney injury in patients undergoing contrast-media infusion. In a pilot double-blind, randomized controlled trial the investigators found sodium bicarbonate to be efficacious, safe, inexpensive and easy to administer. These findings now need to be confirmed or refuted by further clinical investigations in other geographic and institutional settings. Accordingly, the investigators hypothesized that urinary alkalinization might protect kidney function in patients at increased risk of acute kidney injury undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass needs to be confirmed in an international multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial of intravenous sodium bicarbonate.
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether neratinib can further reduce the risk of recurrence from previously diagnosed HER-2 positive breast cancer after adjuvant treatment with trastuzumab.
The purpose of this study is to determine if the Silent™ hip is effective in the treatment of patients with hip joint disease requiring a total hip replacement. Patients who enter the study will be evaluated at regular intervals following hip surgery using patient, clinical and x-ray assessments. A subset of patients will undergo scans to allow the bone mineral density of the bone surrounding the implant to be monitored
The study will examine the sensitivity and specificity of a circulating cell-free nucleic acid test (DNA/RNA) to identify Down syndrome between about 10 weeks and 21 weeks 6 days gestation. In addition, the new test may be used to identify trisomy 13 and 18 as part of a more complete laboratory developed test. We hypothesize that the new circulating cell-free fetal NA-based test will accurately and precisely measure specific fetal markers in maternal circulation and that measurement will lead to the ability to noninvasively identify with high sensitivity and specificity, fetal chromosome abnormalities, such as Down syndrome.
The primary objective of the study is to compare the complete response (CR) rate of bendamustine and rituximab (BR) with that of standard treatment regimens of either rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CVP) or rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) in patients with advanced, indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) or mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
The purpose of this study is to assess the long-term safety and effectiveness of botulinum toxin type A on patients with overactive bladder as a result of spinal cord injury or multiple sclerosis. This is a follow-up study to two Allergan sponsored studies (NCT00311376 and NCT00461292).
The purpose of this Phase III study was to confirm the value of adding everolimus to weekly paclitaxel and trastuzumab as treatment of HER2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer.
To compare the steady-state pharmacokinetics and short-term efficacy and safety of two dosing strategies of raltegravir and atazanavir in virologically suppressed HIV-infected adults receiving atazanavir-containing combination antiretroviral therapy.
Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is the leading cause of admission to hospital in the US, and is associated with high mortality, morbidity, and major cost to the health care system. Much of this cost relates to prolonged hospitalizations from acute deterioration in kidney function (AKI), which in turn is associated with further cardiovascular events such as recurrent ADHF. Strategies for early detection minimization and prevention of AKI would therefore be of tremendous benefit to both the patient and the health care system. A common reason for hospitalization in ADHF is that of altered volume status and renal impairment. Also, many patients with ADHF have underlying hypertension and/or a recent acute coronary syndrome. Hypertension, diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and diabetes is the leading cause of CKD. Therefore, patients presenting with ADHF are at high risk for CV events, more so if they develop AKI. Therefore, strategies to detect changes in renal status early may allow for more rapid intervention with appropriate drug and other therapies to attenuate AKI and subsequent complications, which may in turn result in prevention of early readmissions with HF. Most ADHF patients have underlying chronic heart failure (CHF). CHF is a major cost to the health care system. About two thirds of this cost relates to hospitalization for acute deterioration in heart failure (HF). Strategies to minimize or prevent HF hospitalization therefore are of tremendous benefit to both the patient and the health care system. The most frequent reason for hospitalization in a CHF patient is that of altered volume status and renal impairment. Therefore, as with ADHF, strategies for early detection of changes in renal status may allow for intervention with appropriate drug and other therapies to attenuate, or even prevent, the need for the patient to return to hospital. Many approaches have been studied in relation to this concept. Deterioration in renal function is a harbinger of a need for hospitalization, and indeed a predictor of medium term mortality. However, current measures of renal function are relatively crude with a considerable lag between an insult to the kidney and its translation to a measurable deterioration in renal function reflected by worsening serum creatinine. Thus, diagnostic tests that evaluate renal injury which are modulated early in the time course of this process may have considerable utility not only in the ADHF setting but also in predicting decompensation in the CHF setting.