View clinical trials related to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Filter by:Cigarette smoking is the major risk factor for developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Patients with COPD have difficulty clearing mucus and debris from their airways. Even smokers who have not developed COPD may have difficulty clearing the airways. This is partly because smoking impairs the function of cilia, tiny hairs lining the airways that sweep out mucus to keep the airways clean. The investigators have found that smoking reduces the length of cilia, which may contribute to the worsened cilia function in smoking and COPD. This is true even in smokers who show no signs of lung disease. The investigators believe that smoking affects levels of genes in lung cells, resulting in shorter cilia.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate discontinuation rates of roflumilast using an up-titration regimen for the first 4 weeks of treatment compared with continuous treatment of 500 μg one daily (OD) during the entire 12-week main period, and to evaluate if participants who do not tolerate roflumilast 500 μg OD have a drug exposure with 250 μg roflumilast OD similar to that observed in other participants with the 500 μg OD dose.
Budesonide + Procaterol HFA MDI is a novel asthma product containing both budesonide and procaterol in a single inhaler. Budesonide is a corticosteroid that treats underlying airway inflammation in asthma. Procaterol is a direct acting sympathomimetic with predominantly Beta-adrenoceptor stimulant activity selective to Beta-2 receptors (a Beta-2 agonist). It is used as a bronchodilator in the management of reversible airways obstructive pulmonary disease. Budesonide and Procaterol therefore have complementary effects, treating two different components of asthma.
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease suffer from significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study wants to determine whether chronic obstructive pulmonary disease might be a risk factor for coronary atherosclerosis and other cardiac markers independent of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. The study is designed as a retrospective matched case-control study with follow-up via telephone interview.
The primary aim of this study is to assess the feasibility of conducting a trial to investigate the effectiveness of a physical activity intervention (physical activity consultation and a pedometer-based walking programme) versus pulmonary rehabilitation in improving physical activity in COPD. Objectives are: (i) to assess the feasibility (patient recruitment, adherence, drop-outs and adverse events) of delivering a physical activity intervention in the COPD patient population versus pulmonary rehabilitation; (ii) to explore users perceptions relating to satisfaction and benefits of a physical activity intervention versus pulmonary rehabilitation; (iii) to investigate between and within group change in physical activity, exercise capacity, quality of life, self-efficacy and changes in the transtheoretical model with the physical activity intervention versus pulmonary rehabilitation; and (iv) to examine the cost of delivering a physical activity intervention versus pulmonary rehabilitation for patients with COPD. The hypothesis for this study is that it will be feasible to conduct a trial that will investigate the effectiveness of a physical activity intervention (physical activity consultation and a pedometer-based walking programme) compared to pulmonary rehabilitation for improving physical activity in COPD. The study will provide important information about interventions designed to promote and maintain physical activity, improve patient outcomes and increase patients' choice relating to exercise and physical activity interventions. It will provide a rationale and data for an adequately powered clinical trial evaluating the effects of a physical activity intervention.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common type of sleep apnea and is caused by an obstruction of the upper airways. The obstruction results in periods of intermittent hypoxia and re-oxygenation, which lead to increased oxidative stress, increased inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung disease that leads to poor airflow. This disease leads to systemic hypoxia, reduced oxidative capacity, and increased inflammation. The direct cause of OSA and COPD is unclear, but OSA and COPD may be linked to other comorbid conditions such as obesity and type II diabetes. Upon onset of OSA and COPD, metabolic disturbances associated with obesity and type II diabetes can be exacerbated. Obesity is a condition characterized by an increase in visceral fat, elevated plasma levels of free fatty acids, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Although the effects of body fat distribution have not been studied in these patients, an increase in both subcutaneous and abdominal fat mass in non-OSA older women was shown to increase morbidity and mortality. Fat/adipose tissue is an active tissue capable of secreting proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6, reactive oxygen species and adipokines. Particularly, abdominal fat is a prominent source of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which contributes to a low grade, chronic inflammatory state in these patients. Additionally, an increased inflammatory state is associated with reduced lean body mass, and together with elevated circulating free fatty acids may increase the occurrence of lipotoxicity and insulin resistance. Thus, increased fat deposition is associated with a poor prognosis in OSA and COPD patients and therefore it is of clinical and scientific importance to understand the changes in fat metabolism and digestion as a result of OSA and COPD. It is therefore our hypothesis that fat synthesis and insulin resistance is increased and whole body protein synthesis is decreased in OSA and COPD patients, leading to a poor prognosis.
The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of a rehabilitation protocol based on individualized combined eccentric and concentric cycle ergometer training compared to classical concentric cycle training among patients with either coronary artery disease (CAD) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study will therefore evaluate the efficacy of combined eccentric/concentric training on physical capacity and overall autonomy, and will analyse the adaptive mechanisms with regard to both adaptation to cardiac and muscular effort and tolerance.
Hypothesis;Aging modifies the risk of pulmonary dysfunction in HIV+ individuals. The study is a multicenter, prospective observational study of aging and pulmonary function in HIV. The investigator will determine the prevalence and risk factors for lung dysfunction as quantified by pulmonary function testing in both younger (<50 years) and older (≥50 years) HIV+ and HIV-uninfected controls. The investigator will build on existing cohorts and enrich enrollment for individuals over the age of 50 while adjusting for important co-variates such as ART, smoking history, co-infections, and illicit drug use. Evaluations will be scheduled at baseline, 18 months, and 36 months. Study visits will consist of blood draw, questionnaires, and pulmonary function testing.
The Canadian Respiratory Research Network (CRRN) has recently been established to study the origins and evolution of airways disease in the population. The CRRN is funded by the Institute of Cardio-respiratory Health (ICRH), an institute of the CIHR. The Physiology platform will support the other CRRN platforms (biology, imaging, population health, knowledge transfer) by providing a comprehensive characterization of the nature and extent of physiological impairment of respiratory function in smokers at risk for airways disease and in those with early or mild airway obstruction. The planned studies of the physiology group (core sites located at Queen's University, University of British Columbia and McGill University) will initially focus on smoking-related lung injury in those at risk for COPD and in those meeting spirometric criteria for mild airway obstruction, with or without respiratory symptoms. The primary aim of this initial study is to identify and validate sensitive test(s) of peripheral airway dysfunction that may qualify as physiological biomarkers for use in future CRRN studies.
The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of aclidinium bromide compared with placebo in improving dilatation of the airways (bronchodilation), symptoms of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), sleep quality and physical activity after 3 weeks of treatment with aclidinium bromide 400 μg administered twice daily in patients with stable moderate-and-severe COPD.