View clinical trials related to Communicable Diseases.
Filter by:The goal is to improve the evidence-based management of fever cases seen in outpatient clinics in malaria endemic countries, through a better understanding of the value of accurate malaria diagnosis, and through an improved understanding of the other causes of fever in children. The objective is to describe systematically (as much as possible) the etiologies of fever in children in an urban and in a rural environment of sub-Saharan Africa.
This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of delafloxacin patients with acute bacterial skin and soft tissue infections (ABSSSI).
Background- In recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTIs) usual prophylactic antibiotic regimes do not change the long term risk of recurrence. Objective- D-Mannose is a sugar, it sticks to E. coli bacteria, the aim of the study was to evaluate its efficacy in the treatment and prophylaxis of recurrent UTIs. Design, setting and participants- : In this crossover trial female patient were eligible for the study if they had recurrent UTIs, that is three ore more episodes during the preceding 12 months. Suitable patients were randomly assigned to antibiotic treatment with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole or to a regimen of oral D Mannose for 24 weeks, and received the other intervention in the second phase of the study. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis- The time to recurrence of UTI, bladder pain (VAS p) and urinary urgency (VAS u) were evaluated at the end of antibiotic therapy and at the and of 24 weeks fo D Mannose. The results for quantitative variables were expressed as mean values and SD as they were all normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilk test). T-test for paired data was used to analyze differences of time of recurrence, VAS pain, Vas urgency and number of voidings between treatment. Data analysis was performed with STATA statistical package (release 11,1, 2010, Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas, USA).
The purpose of this study is to compare the safety and tolerability of ascending doses of SB 9200 given for up to 14 days to subjects with chronic Hepatitis C infection.
The primary purpose of this study is to study the safety and tolerability of a HIV drug and to evaluate a decrease of HIV-1 virus level in blood after treatments in HIV-1 infected patients
The last decade has witnessed an important reduction of the mortality in children under 5 years but such reduction has not impacted in neonates. Mortality in neonates contributes 40% of all deaths occurring in children below 5 years of age. Severe bacterial disease is among the leading causes of neonatal deaths. Bacterial disease follows bacterial infection. Individuals can be infected without developing disease (carriage stage) but infection is needed to subsequently develop disease. In sub-Saharan Africa, bacterial carriage (i.e. in the birth canal and/or nasopharyngeal tract) is very common in all age groups, with the consequence that occurrence of bacterial disease is one of the highest in the world. Newborns can be infected during labour - when passing through the birth canal - and during the first days/weeks of life, as a consequence of the close physical contact with the mother, if the latter carries bacteria in the nasopharyngeal tract. If the mother is an important source of bacterial infection to the newborn, treating mothers with a powerful antibiotic during labour should decrease bacterial carriage and therefore diminish the risk of bacterial transmission to the newborn during the first days/weeks of life, which should in turn result in the lower occurrence of severe bacterial disease and hence lower mortality. The purpose of this trial is to evaluate the impact of a single oral dose of azithromycin given to women in labour on bacterial carriage of the newborn as well as the women during the first month after delivery. The investigators have selected an antibiotic (azithromycin) that in sub-Saharan Africa has already shown both a strong impact on bacterial nasopharyngeal carriage and on all-cause mortality when administered to everybody in a community (mass drug administration). This specific antibiotic has several advantages for being deployable as a simple intervention in rural Africa, i.e. it requires a single oral administration, it has no special storage requirements and it has the potential to eliminate many of the bacteria commonly causing severe disease in newborn. This clinical trial will be conducted in a peri-urban health facility in Western Gambia. If an impact is shown, the next step would be to conduct a larger study aiming at establishing if the intervention, implemented at a lower level of care (most African women deliver at home assisted by traditional birth assistants), decreases the occurrence of neonatal bacterial disease
The OXYGEN Study is a double blinded prospective randomized controlled trial that will compare the proportion of surgical site infections within 6 months in patients treated with Supplemental Perioperative Oxygen compared to those treated without Supplemental Perioperative Oxygen.
The study is funded through the Office of the Global AIDS Coordinator (OGAC #KE-07-0044). The purpose of this study is two-fold. The first purpose is to see if routine monitoring of the level of HIV virus in the blood (viral load) every six months is superior to monitoring by standard clinical evaluations and or immune status (CD4 count) with intermittent viral load monitoring in adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). The second purpose is to understand the cost implications and possible benefits of routine HIV viral load monitoring.
This proposal focuses on highly lethal destructive tissue infections, i.e. necrotizing fasciitis and other necrotizing soft tissue infections (NSTIs), which are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The fulminant course of NSTIs demands immediate diagnosis and adequate interventions in order to salvage lives and limbs. However, diagnosis and management are difficult due to heterogeneity in clinical presentation, in co-morbidities and in microbiological aetiology. Thus, there is an urgent need for novel diagnostics and therapeutics in order to improve outcome of NSTIs. A comprehensive knowledge of diagnostic features, causative microbial agent, treatment strategies, and pathogenic mechanisms (host and bacterial disease traits and their underlying interaction network) is required for an improved diagnosis and management of NSTIs. The current proposal is designed to obtain such insights through an integrated systems biology approach in patients and experimental models. The project is based on a prospective NSTI patients cohort including a clinical registry to document clinical data and treatment strategies, combined with an isolate and biobank collection. The samples will be analyzed through advanced bioinformatics and computational modelling work flow to identify and quantify pathogen signatures and underlying networks that contribute to disease outcome. One aim is to translate clinical and systems biology data into development of novel diagnostics.
Secondary Data Collection Study; safety and effectiveness of Tigecycline .under Japanese medical practice