View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:The purpose of this project is to develop novel approaches to promote health and longevity while enhancing quality of life among persons with Sickle cell disease (SCD). Therefore, investigators are aiming to adapt an evidence-based exercise intervention for adults with SCD informed by culturally- relevant and biologic factors.
KORLIPID (Study on the Association between Lipid Profiles and Cardiovascular Events) registry enrolled 4234339 subjects who underwent general health check-ups provided by National Health Insurance Service in 2009.
Endothelial dysfunction is an early predictor of cardiovascular events in at-risk patients. It is characterized by impaired endothelium-dependent dilation and is primarily caused by reduced nitric oxide bioavailability secondary to oxidative stress and inflammation. Finding dietary/dietary supplement-oriented approaches to improving endothelial function is of public health interest. A randomized double-blind placebo controlled 4-way crossover study will be conducted to determine if acute consumption of a proprietary polyphenol extract (156 mg / 222 mg / 333 mg) will have a dose dependent response on endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation (ED-FMD) in fasting conditions, in comparison to a placebo (maltodextrin) in male smokers (20 - 45 years; n=20).FMD and blood pressure will be assessed at 0 & 2 hour timepoints following consumption of a single dose of polyphenol extract, accompanying blood samples will be collected to assess a range of endpoints including nitric oxide metabolites, angiotensin and polyphenols metabolites. Endothelium-independent vasodilation will also be measured 2 hours post consumption.
A retrospective review of body composition changes in patients who participate in a 9-week non-invasive intensive health care provider supervised weight loss program as an overall cohort and in sub-cohorts of interest.
Women successfully treated for endometrial cancer remain at higher risk of dying than women without a history of the disease, predominately due to an excess risk of cardiovascular disease. Our previous work has shown that endometrial cancer survivors are more likely to have undiagnosed and undertreated cardiovascular risk factors than the general population, despite being seen regularly by medical professionals. This study aims to determine the impact of optimising modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in endometrial cancer survivors on their quality of life and to identify barriers to lifestyle modifications.
Background: Cancer survivors have a greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and have low physical activity levels. Physical inactivity is one modifiable risk factor for CVD, and increased physical activity has shown a cardioprotective effect on lowering CVD risk. The objective of ActivityLink is to use an electronic referral (e-referral) implementation program for clinic staff to refer survivors to an in-person and a virtual physical activity program. Methods: Participants in this study will include clinic staff and patients. Investigators will first conduct interviews with clinic staff and patients, followed by usability testing of a referral system with staff. The study team will then beta-test two rounds of testing using Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) Cycles for clinic staff to refer patients in the clinic. Quantitative data and qualitative interviews will be collected following each PDSA cycle, with refinements made based on feedback. Outcomes: The proposed study addresses a critical need to implement physical activity referrals into routine cancer survivorship visits.
Natriuretic Peptides (NP) are hormones produced by the heart, and they have a wide range of favorable metabolic benefits. Lower levels of these hormones are associated with an increased likelihood of the development of diabetes and poor cardiometabolic health. Obese and Black individuals have ~30% lower levels of NP and are at a greater risk of developing cardiovascular (CV) events as compared to lean and White counterparts. Some people have common genetic variations that cause them to have ~20% lower NP levels. Similar to other low NP populations, these individuals with low NP genotype (i.e., carrying a common genetic variation called rs5068) are at a greater risk of developing cardiometabolic diseases. By understanding the NP response following the exercise challenge and the glucose challenge in individuals with genetically lower NP levels will help us understand how to improve cardiometabolic health in them.
Cardiac rehabilitation, an outpatient program that includes supervised exercise and cardiovascular risk factor education, is one of the most important therapies for patients with cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, very few Veterans with cardiovascular disease enroll in cardiac rehabilitation programs. This proposal will evaluate Veterans' individual barriers to attending cardiac rehabilitation with both surveys and interviews. Using this information, the investigators will develop a behavioral intervention to encourage Veterans to enroll in outpatient cardiac rehabilitation programs. This intervention will be individually tailored to Veterans with the information- motivation-behavioral skills model, a theory of behavior change. The investigators will test the tailored intervention with a proof-of-concept study in Veterans hospitalized with cardiovascular disease at the Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System. This project is relevant to Veterans' health because increasing enrollment in cardiac rehabilitation will decrease mortality and increase quality of life in Veterans with cardiovascular disease.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD), is characterized by accelerated development of atherosclerosis and advanced remodelling of vessels and the heart. It is associated with many factors, including inflammation, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and oxidative stress. Hypertension is one of the most critical risk factors for cardiovascular complications. It leads to the formation of structural changes in the vascular system: it impairs the activity of the endothelium, causes hypertrophy and remodelling of the vascular wall, reduces the susceptibility of the vessels and accelerates the development of atherosclerosis. This study aimed to identify the processes and their representative markers, the concentration of which in the serum may reflect the cardiovascular system status and can predict the increased mortality in HD patients.
We will use the target trial framework for causal inference to conduct this observational retrospective cohort study that uses claims data of adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) included in the de-identified datasets of OptumLabs Data Warehouse (OLDW) and Medicare fee-for-service. In Aim 1, we will emulate a target trial comparing the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), and sulfonylureas (SU) in adults with T2D at moderate risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with regard to major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), expanded MACE, microvascular complications, severe hypoglycemia, and other adverse events. In Aim 2, we will compare these four drug classes in the same population of adults with T2D included in OLDW and Medicare fee-for-service data with respect to a set of composite outcomes identified by a group of patients with T2D as being most important to them. Specifically, in Aim 2A, we will prospectively elicit patient preferences toward various treatment outcomes (e.g., hospitalization, kidney disease) using a participatory ranking exercise, then use these rankings to generate individually weighted composite outcomes. Then, in Aim 2B, we will estimate patient-centered treatment effects of four different second-line T2D medications that reflect the patient's value for each outcome. In Aim 3, we will compare different medications within each of the four therapeutic classes with respect to MACE.