View clinical trials related to Cardiovascular Diseases.
Filter by:This study is focused on assessing potential health benefits of daily consumption of potatoes, specifically its resistant starch content (i.e. nondigestible carbohydrate), on blood vessel and gut health function in adults with metabolic syndrome. It is expected that the daily consumption of potatoes for two weeks, within a diet that follows the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, will improve blood vessel function in association with decreasing gut permeability ("leaky gut") that results in the absorption of bacterial toxins that reside in the intestine. Outcomes will therefore support dietary recommendations for potatoes to support vascular and gastrointestinal health.
Remote Ischaemic preconditioning' (RIPC) is defined as short controlled sequences of repeated inflation of a blood pressure cuff on the upper arm (to reduce blood flow) for 5 mins followed by recovery (cuff deflation so blood flows normally again). An intervention consisting of 4 cycles of 5 min of arm cuff inflation followed by deflation performed 3 times per week, spread over 8 weeks has been shown to improve blood vessel function in young individuals without any medical conditions. This is a simple and easily applicable intervention that could help the blood vessels capacity to deliver blood to an organ (e.g. heart or the muscle).It is currently unknown if RIPC combined with exercise training, provides stronger benefits to our blood vessels than RIPC alone. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate if combining RIPC with an 8 week exercise training programme improves blood vessel health more than 8 weeks of RIPC alone.
Optiflow (high flow humified nasal oxygen) is used in several settings frequently (ICU, during elective general anaesthesia- commonly here on the TOE list, in certain ENT patients, and more commonly now in obese or obstetric patients for preoxygenation). To the investigators knowledge no one has quantified the common complications associated with it (based on a literature search in November 2017 using PubMed and Google; using the search terms "high flow nasal oxygen" combined with "complications", "side effects", "nasal dryness" and "epistaxis"). The investigators were unable to find any existing research that examined the days following HFNO use and specifically looked for minor side effects) The investigators have had anecdotal feedback from patients that they tend to experience respiratory symptoms post HFNO. THe investigators would like to determine how often this occurs and how long it lasts for which would be pertinent to consent, and informing patients prior to the procedure, and also serve to improve the literature on this up and coming technique.
Brief Summary The purpose of this study is to investigate how circulating metabolites mediate changes in heart function after exercise intervention. Condition or disease :Cardiovascular function Intervention/treatment Cardiovascular: Echocardiography Other: Vascular Stiffness Other: Metabolomics (Blood)
An early mobilization (EM) program will be implemented in the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit at the Jewish General Hospital (JGH), an academic tertiary hospital in Montreal, Quebec. The investigators will perform a prospective, pre/post-EM intervention study in adults aged ≥60 years old admitted to the Cardiovascular Intensive Care Unit (CICU) at the JGH. During a 3-month period, the investigators will prospectively enrol patients to the pre-intervention cohort. The EM intervention will then be implemented. During a 12-month period, the investigators will prospectively enrol patients to the intervention cohort. 1 and 12 months following hospital discharge, patients in the pre-intervention and post-intervention cohorts will be contacted by phone by a member of the research team to assess for functional status and quality of life measures. The primary effectiveness outcome will be the mean improvement in level of function (LOF) during CICU admission and at 1 and 12 months. Covariates predicting improvement in LOF ("responsiveness") and ones which do not ("non-responsiveness") will be assessed. The recovery of physical function at 1 month and 6 months as measured by the SF-36 physical component summary score will be assessed. The SF-36 scores of the highest scoring tertile of LOF on hospital discharge will be compared with the lowest scoring tertile. Hospital readmission at 30 days and discharge home vs. healthcare facility will also be compared. For safety, the composite and individual components of the number of falls, injuries, and dislodgements over the total number of attempted mobility activities will be recorded. The results from the intervention cohort will be compared to the pre-intervention cohort for all results.
The objective of the RADIANCE II Pivotal study is to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of the Paradise System in subjects with Stage 2 hypertension on 0-2 medications at the time of consent. Prior to randomization, subjects will be hypertensive in the absence of hypertension medication.
The investigators will conduct a feasibility study of an enhanced transitional care intervention, that will: 1) automate identification and risk-stratification of patients with CHF and IHD with social vulnerabilities; 2) incorporate a new standardized social vulnerabilities screening tool into clinical care; 3) enable electronic referrals to community resources; and 4) add novel community-based interventions to the existing medically-oriented transitional care intervention that is the standard of care at the study hospital (Parkland Hospital in Dallas, Texas) and other hospitals nationwide.
--> This is a substudy of the main ESTxENDS trial (NCT03589989). Metabolic outcomes should be considered secondary outcomes of the main smoking cessation outcome formulated in NCT03589989. Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a leading cause of death in cigarette smokers; quitting smoking is associated with reduced CVD. Cigarette smoking increases CVD through complex mechanisms, mostly on an increase in atherosclerosis and the effect appears unrelated to nicotine. Recently, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS; also called vaporizer or electronic cigarette) have become popular with smokers who want to stop smoking. There is currently no evidence that ENDS use affects CVD outcomes. The nicotine contained in the e-liquids from ENDS has cardiovascular effects and the evidence about health effects mostly comes from studies on nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). These studies did not show an increased risk of CVD from NRTs. The ECLAT trial showed no difference in body weight, resting heart rate, or blood pressure between those who used ENDS or not. Two studies evaluated the short-term effects of ENDS on the cardiovascular system. One study suggested impairment in diastolic ventricular function with cigarettes and not with ENDS. Both ENDS and cigarettes increased diastolic blood pressure, potentially mediated through nicotine exposure, but an increased systolic blood pressure was found only in cigarette smokers. Other studies have suggested no changes in blood pressure in daily users of electronic cigarettes up to 1 year with some even a reduction in blood pressure among patients with hypertension. Interventions helping smokers quit have shown that quitting is associated with increased HDL-cholesterol, weight gain, higher blood glucose, and higher diabetes risk. No large randomized trials have tested the effect of ENDS on blood cholesterol and other markers of cardiovascular risk. This study will therefore test the efficacy of ENDS for cigarette smoking cessation, the safety of ENDS on adverse events and the effect of ENDS on health-related outcomes and exposure to inhaled chemicals. For the main ESTxENDS trial (NCT03589989), smokers motivated to quit smoking cigarettes will be included. Participants in the intervention group will receive an ENDS and nicotine-containing e-liquids, which they will be allowed to use ad libitum. Additionally, they will receive smoking cessation counseling. Participants in the control group will receive smoking cessation counseling only. All participants will be followed over a 24-month period. Measurements of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases will be done at baseline and at 6, 12 and 24 months' follow-up.
Vegetarian and vegan diets have been shown to reduce cardiometabolic risk factors for chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and have been associated with decreased risk of these chronic diseases. The role of vegetarian and/or vegan dietary patterns and incident cardiovascular outcomes still remains unclear. To address these uncertainties, the investigators propose to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the totality of evidence from prospective cohort studies to distinguish the association of vegetarian and/or vegan dietary patterns on the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases. This proposed knowledge synthesis was commissioned by the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group (DNSG) of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) and will be used to inform clinical practice and dietary guidelines, help improve health outcomes, and guide future research design.
The proposal of this study is to verify if it is feasible and effective to offer a home based cardiac rehabilitation program, that includes the components of health education and physical exercises mostly unsupervised and oriented by telephone and to compare the treatment adherence, the effects in the functional capacity, and the control of coronary risk factors in relation to the traditional cardiac rehabilitation offered mostly supervised and center based.