View clinical trials related to Brain Injuries.
Filter by:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major public health problem with an annual incidence of about 1.7 million per year. TBI is associated with various long-term morbidities. Among them, psychiatric disturbances are the major cause of chronic disability and poor quality of life. Major depression is the common psychiatric sequela post TBI with rates ranging from 13% at 1 year to 60% at 8 years after TBI. Major depression after TBI (henceforth referred to as TBI depression) is often associated with comorbid neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) such as anxiety, aggression, substance abuse and cognitive deficits that often makes treatment difficult. Despite increased rates of depression, there is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved drug/s for its treatment. The investigators propose to address these limitations by use of a novel serotonergic agent, vortioxetine, which has a multimodal mechanism of action through serotonin transporter (SERT) inhibition, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)3, 7, and 1D receptor antagonism, 1B receptor partial agonism, and 1A receptor agonism. Overarching Goal: The overarching goal of the proposed pilot study is to determine the effectiveness and safety of vortioxetine for the treatment of post-TBI depression and co-morbid NPS. Study Design: The study design will include a DBPCT of 30 TBI patients of all severities who meet the DSM 5 criteria for major depression. A total of 150 will be consented to allow for screen failures. Written informed consent will be obtained from these patients. Subjects will be followed for a total of 12 weeks. Subjects will be randomized to either the vortioxetine arm (N=15) or placebo arm (N=15). The treatment group will receive vortioxetine 10mg per day, which will be increased to 20 mg or decreased to 5 mg, if deemed clinically necessary, at week 4 or 8. Subjects will have a total of 4-5 visits: Baseline evaluation (1 or 2 visits) and follow-up visits at weeks 4, 8 and 12. Well-validated psychiatric instruments will be used to compare the effectiveness of vortioxetine versus placebo treatment at week 12 compared to baseline Relevance: This study has the potential to provide strong preliminary evidence for the use of vortioxetine as a safe and novel agent for treatment of TBI depression and its psychiatric co-morbidities. If found to be effective, results from this study can be used to design larger studies and also determine brain changes associated with its use via neuroimaging.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the signature wound of Veterans returning from the recent operations in Iraq and Afghanistan (i.e OIF/OEF/OND), with up to 20 percent experiencing persistent post-concussive symptoms. Among Veterans with mild TBI, the majority also experience significant distress, including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as persistent pain. Importantly, significant stigma is associated with seeking mental health care among Veterans; and poor management of multiple conditions results in increased morbidity and mortality, increased risk for suicide, and significantly decreased quality of life. Thus the challenge for treatment providers is to provide a unified and acceptable intervention for Veterans with these interdependent systemic comorbid concerns. The aim of this proposal is to develop, refine, and evaluate a 1-day trans-diagnostic (i.e., applies to more than one diagnosis) "life skills workshop" to help Veterans develop skills needed to pursue valued goals in the face of life's challenges.
To examine efficacy of combined unimanual and bimanual intensive therapy in children with unilateral brain injury. A key question in hemiplegia therapy is whether the affected hand should be trained alone or in tandem with the other hand. In constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT), a participant's less-affected upper extremity is restricted with a sling, cast, or mitt, while the participant actively uses the affected arm and hand in skill-based therapeutic activities. Bimanual therapy, in contrast, engages both hands in therapeutic movement. Since constraint and bimanual therapy target different aspects of hand use, they could have synergistic effects on hand function when given in combination.
Trauma is the leading cause of death and disability in children in the United States. The long-term goal of this project is to evaluate the benefits and harms of tranexamic acid (TXA; a drug that stops bleeding) in severely injured children. This is a 40-patient pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of two subsequent large-scale studies of TXA in injured children.
The goal of the present study was to look at the effect of changing walking parameters on the dynamic walking characteristics among children post severe traumatic brain injury, children with cerebral palsy and typically developed controls.
OSABI is a pilot study of a sleep hygiene protocol for sleep disruptions associated with TBI during inpatient rehabilitation. Twenty participants will be allocated (by minimization) either into a standard of care protocol or a sleep hygiene protocol for 4 weeks. Sleep efficiency (via actigraphy), post traumatic amnesia (OLOG), agitation (Agitated Behavior Scale) and cognitive function (Confusion Assessment Protocol) will be monitored during the trial period to examine relationships among them.
Novel biomarkers of traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been discovered in laboratory animal models. The objective of this study is to find whether similar markers are detectable in the body fluids of human subjects that have sustained a TBI.
Following successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) after out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), 50% of patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) die. As most patients die due to brain damage sustained during cardiac arrest and the subsequent reperfusion phase, effective neuroprotective strategies could potentially improve outcome. In animal experiments, 2-Iminobiotin (2-IB), a selective neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, given upon reperfusion has been shown to improve memory function. Since 2-IB has not shown any safety issues in preclinical and clinical studies. Before embarking on large studies with efficacy as primary endpoint, safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics need to be established. Objective: Evaluate short term safety and tolerability, and the pharmacokinetic properties of 2-IB in adult patients after OHCA. Study design: Phase 2, single-centre, open-label, dose-escalation intervention study. Study population: Three cohorts of eight evaluable patients admitted to the ICU after OHCA due to a cardiac cause. Intervention: The first eight patients will receive 0,055 mg/kg 2-IB every 4 hours intravenously, 6 times in total (part A). The second eight patients (cohort B) will receive 0,165 mg/kg every 4h iv, 6 times in total. The third eight patients (cohort C) will receive 0,5 mg/kg every 4h iv, 6 times in total. Medication has to be given as soon as possible and within 6h after OHCA. Escalation to the next dose level will only be done after pharmacokinetic analyses have performed, no relevant safety issues have been encountered, and the DSMB approves to move to the next dose level. Main study parameters/endpoints: Study parameters to evaluate short term safety and tolerability will be vital signs (heart frequency, blood pressure, cardiac ischemia) before and until 15 minutes after administration. (Serious) Adverse Events will be recorded on the ICU (up to 7 days) or until discharge from the ICU. For evaluation of the pharmacokinetics profile of 2-IB, 9 plasma samples will be analysed. Secondary parameters: Biochemical markers Neuron specific Enolase and s100b at 24h and 48h after start of study drug, occurrence of SAEs until 30 days after OHCA including death, long term term efficacy as determined by the Cerebral Performance Category (CPC), the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE) or the Telephone Interview Cognitive Status (TICS) scale at 30 days after OHCA.
Brain trauma is an important burden in traumatologic intensive care. In these patients the treatment is guided by a cluster of multimodal monitoring parameters. Despite this it is difficult to assess the actual physiopathologic status of the brain. Changing the position of these patients (semi-seated to lying position) causes changes in the hémodynamics brain conditions, so in monitoring parameters . The analysis of these changes can givr us valuable clinically informations.
Transcranial doppler (TCD) is an established tool for monitoring flows in intracranial cerebral arteries. Its use is recommanded in the last guidelines on traumatic brain injury. The temporal bone window (TBW) is limited in evaluating flow in the anterior cerebral arteries (ACA) because of an unfavorable insonation angle. Thereby TCD could be unfit to detect a segmental lesion on the anterior cerebral arteries (ACA). The frontal bone window (FBW) is a promising approach in evaluating flows in the ACA. However, the utility of the FBW for patients with acute brain injury (ABI) in ICU has not been yet determined. The goal of the present study is to determine the rate of detection of the ACA by using the FBW in patients with ABI in ICU.