View clinical trials related to Body Weight.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the South Beach Diet and products compared to the American Diabetic Association Diabetes Meal Plan.
Low birth weight (LBW) status (< 10% for gestational age at birth) is associated with increased risk for diseases such as type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and coronary artery disease in adults, and represents one example of the "fetal onset of adult disease" hypothesis. Recent data strongly associates LBW status with impaired innate and adaptive immunity leading to increased risk for severe infections during adolescence or early adulthood. Animal studies suggest that the ratio of certain B lymphocyte subpopulations, the B1a and B1b cells, determines whether deficits in immunity occur. This study will determine the ratio of B1b to B1a lymphocyte subpopulations in the cord blood of infants born LBW in the late preterm to term gestations (> 34 weeks at birth) and compare those ratios with those of normal birth weight (NBW) controls in a nested case control study design. Furthermore, animal studies suggest that the expression patterns of CD5 and CD19 proteins determines the cellular phenotype of the B lymphocyte, that of a B1a or a B1b cell, and that the regulatory regions controlling their expression are epigenetically vulnerable. The investigators will therefore isolate DNA and RNA from both B lymphocyte subpopulations and determine whether epigenetic changes to the regulatory regions of the genes coding for CD5 and CD19 protein expression occur in LBW lymphocyte subpopulations as compared to the lymphocytes from NBW infants. This proposal will be the first human study to examine epigenetic determination of a maladaptive phenotype following LBW status at birth in a specific cell type leading to a specific impairment of innate and adaptive immunity.
Obesity results from an imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure. There is much speculation about foods that are particularly fattening, and sugary drinks are seen as major culprits. It is hypothesized that a high intake of calories from sugary drinks would not be compensated for by reduced food intake at subsequent meals. As a result, body weight would increase. In this double-blind, long term, randomized controlled trial the effect of replacing sugar-containing beverages by low-sugar alternatives on body weight and fat mass in children will be investigated.
Control of body weight (BW) is important to prevent and manage type 2 diabetes. Regardless of the close association, little is understood about the precise relationship between BW and glycemic control, which might be of benefit for patients with type 2 diabetes. The researchers investigated the correlation between changes in BW and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with a diet therapy or pioglitazone.
RATIONALE: A culturally sensitive weight loss program for obese African American breast cancer survivors may be more effective than a standard weight loss program in helping women lose weight. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is studying personalized weight loss counseling to see how well it works in African American women who are breast cancer survivors.
RATIONALE: Measuring changes in body weight and body composition in women with early-stage breast cancer may help doctors plan the best weight control program and improve patients' quality of life. It is not yet known which program is most effective in women with breast cancer. PURPOSE: This randomized clinical trial is comparing three weight control programs to see how well they work in women who have undergone surgery for early stage breast cancer.
Exenatide is an incretin-like drug that has been approved for treatment of type 2 diabetes; it improves glycemia by increasing insulin and decreasing glucagon secretion by pancreatic islet cells and delaying gastric emptying. This randomized, placebo-controlled study is to evaluate whether exenatide over a 5 week period in non-diabetic obese subjects may lead to weight loss. To control for variability in individual response to weight loss treatment, this study will assess the role of exenatide in changing food intake and energy expenditure as possible sources of weight loss. This study will also evaluate the safety profile of exenatide in non-diabetic obese people. Additional assessments will evaluate changes in body fat and hormones involved in the sensations of hunger and fullness.
This study is being carried out to see if dapagliflozin in addition to metformin decreases body weight and if so, how it compares with metformin alone.
High levels of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), an activator of a part of the immune system called the complement system, have been associated with increased mortality and risk of early signs of kidney damage in patients with type 2 diabetes. The effect of weight loss and changes in insulin resistance on MBL levels have been poorly elucidated. This study includes 36 nondiabetic obese subjects, who will receive a very low- calorie diet (VLCD) of 800 kcal/day for 8 weeks. Fasting blood samples will be obtained at baseline and after 8 weeks of VLCD and concentrations of MBL, glucose and insulin will be measured. Insulin resistance is assessed using the HOMA-IR method.
The investigators here propose to perform a collaborative clinical research effort including a randomized controlled trial investigating the mechanisms of weight maintenance and their relation to a lifestyle intervention in children, adolescents and adults. The detailed investigation and analysis of the variability and dynamics of the endocrine circuits responding to a negative energy balance and weight loss will be accompanied and enhanced by specific clinical projects targeting peripheral and central-nervous aspects of hormonal counter-regulation after weight loss. Mechanisms of endocrine counter-regulation and potential therapeutic approaches will be studied.