View clinical trials related to Body Composition.
Filter by:This evaluates the affect of protein quantity on indices of sleep. Half the participants will be prescribed protein in the amount consistent with the USDA healthy style eating pattern, while the other half will be prescribed a diet containing 12.5 oz eq of protein.
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world, thus, rehabilitation programs are essential to improve symptoms and reduce mortality. Virtual reality presents itself as a new alternative of therapeutic resource, stimulating the practice of physical activity through interaction between man and machine, based on the use of games and virtual environments. Objective: To compare the body composition of individuals with cardiovascular diseases submitted to conventional cardiac or virtual reality rehabilitation. Methods: Twenty-four individuals with cardiovascular diseases, divided into a conventional rehabilitation group (GRC) or virtual reality rehabilitation group (GRV), will be evaluated, and undergo a rehabilitation program for a period of 8 weeks, with two weekly sessions lasting 60 minutes. For the GRV training, the Xbox 360® from Microsoft with Kinect™ will be used with the games YourShape™ (Fitness Evolved) and Dance Central 3™. For the GRC training, treadmills (embreex) will be used to perform the aerobic training and free weights and weight training equipment to perform the resistance training. Food frequency will be evaluated by means of the Food Frequency Questionnaire, food consumption by the 24-hour food recall, body composition by bioimpedance, and functional capacity by the six-minute walk test. For analysis of data normality the Shapiro Wilk test will be applied. For paired analysis, the Student's T test will be performed in case of normal distribution or the Wilcoxon test for variables that do not follow Gaussian distribution. The intergroup comparisons will be analyzed through absolute variation before and after the interventions and the unpaired Student's T test or Mann Whitney test applied according to the normality of the data. The level of significance adopted will be 5%.
The prospective study will include 200 patients and 50 critically ill patients, who had an abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan including the L3 level for any clinical reason. Ultrasound scans of the anterior thighs and forearms will be taken after the CT scan within 48 hours. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) will also be performed. In addition muscle strength, mobility, physical function and nutrition will be assessed. Primary outcome is the prediction of CT-based whole body muscle and fat volume and BIA-based fat and lean body mass from ultrasound-based muscle and fat thickness. Other secondary outcomes include the intra- and interrater reliability of the CT evaluation and ultrasound examination of muscle and fat mass. The relationship between clinical aspects (strength, mobility, physical function, nutrition) and whole body composition is another secondary outcome.
In this study the investigators utilized a novel hybrid HIIT (high intensity interval training) exercise training approach, the Hybrid Interval Training (DoIT) workout that combines interval training, resistance exercise training and functional training in order to test the hypothesis that DoIT will be able to: i) reduce body mass, ii) improve body composition and iii) alter energy balance, of previously inactive, overweight/obese women.
There is a need for a greater understanding of e-bikes and their role in the transportation network, and further effects on physical activity (PA) levels and health. Moreover, longtail bikes could meet certain practical needs not sufficiently fulfilled by e-bikes or traditional bikes, hence increased knowledge regarding their potential and feasibility should be obtained. No intervention study has investigated whether providing an e-bike or a longtail bike over an extended period in a sample of inactive parents of toddlers influence objectively assessed amount of cycling, total PA level, potential mode shifts, and effect on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition and blood pressure. Objectives: To assess the effect of an intervention where participants have access to an e-bike (including a trailer), a longtail bike and a traditional bike (including a trailer) on the following parameters: 1. Objectively assessed amount of biking, total levels of PA, and mode shifts from car/motorized modes to bicycle. 2. Cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, body composition, self-reported health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). 3. Experiences with bicycling (el/longtail/traditional) and intrinsic motivation for bicycling. 4. How season and weather conditions influence the amount of bicycling (el/longtail/traditional). Study sample: A convenience sample consisting of 36 inactive parents of toddlers will be recruited among residents in Kristiansand municipality, Southern Norway. Measures: The following measures will be conducted: 1. A web-based questionnaire will assess socio-demographics (at baseline only), transportation habits, self-perceived health and HRQoL, and motivation for bicycling for transportation. For the intervention group: at baseline and post all intervention arms, i.e. four times. For the control group: at baseline and after 9 months, i.e. two times. 2. Cycling time and distance will be assessed through usage of a cycle computer throughout the entire project period, in total nine months. 3. Time spent in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) will be estimated with the monitor SenseWear Armband Mini (SWA) for seven consecutive days at study start and after 9 months (post-intervention). 4. Cardiorespiratory fitness will be measured performing treadmill walking/running, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) will be used for assessing body composition. In addition, blood pressure, body weight and height (height only at baseline) will be measured at baseline and after 9 months (post-intervention). 5. Participants' experiences with and motivation for usage of the different bicycle types will be explored in semi-structured focus group interviews after 3 months, 6 months and 9 months. 6. Weather data (temperature, rainfall, snow, etc.) will also be collected. Scientific contribution: The present study will add knowledge to relevant and topical areas, i.e. issues related to public health and environmental sustainability, among parents of toddlers, representing an important target group.There is a call for research on the influence of e-bikes on travel behavior and level of MVPA, and whether voluntary cycling with e-bikes could improve health. Moreover, to our knowledge no scientific studies have assessed possible effects of using a longtail bike, on the selected parameters. If the current study reveals promising results, it should be replicated in a larger and more representative sample of parents of toddlers, as well as in other important target groups (e.g. older adults). If findings are positive, inclusion in national public health policies should be considered.
Background: There are few studies about nutrition to children and adolescents with cancer, and in particular during stem cell transplantation (SCT). Studies from other countries suggest that malnutrition is common on admission; the situation decline during treatment and may persist for a long time. Aim: This project aims to improve the nutritional therapy to children being treated for cancer and children undergoing stem cell transplantation
Considering the increasing public health concern the obesity in Morocco, the aim of the present study was to use isotope techniques to assess body fat, total energy expenditure and physical activity to inform design and improve interventions for the prevention and control of obesity and related health risks such as diabetes and elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents. Specific objectives of the trial: 1. Determine the extent of obesity and physical activity levels in children and adolescents to design effective interventions in the school setting. 2.Propose alternative field based techniques for assessing body composition and physical activity that could be used in largescale situation assessments and in assessing interventions to address obesity and risk related health care. * For body composition: BMI z-score, waist circumference, waist measurement at height. * For physical activity: Questionnaire, Accelerometers 3. To identify factors contributing to the development of obesity and related health risks in schoolchildren and adolescents. 4. Collaborate with stakeholders (government, schools and / or colleges, communities and development partners) in designing interventions to address obesity and health risks. 5. To recommend to stakeholders the most effective interventions in schools to prevent and combat obesity and health risks in children and adolescents.
Bovine colostrum is the milk produced by cows immediately after calving. It contains high levels of proteins that improve immune protection and may act to prevent colds. During intense training, athletes often have compromised immune function. This may be especially true in club-level rugby players who abruptly start high intensity training in the spring in preparation for their competitive season. Our study will assess the effects of supplementing these players with bovine colostrum during this intense training. Thirty-six players will be recruited; half will consume colostrum during the 8 weeks of early-season training and half soy protein. The investigators predict the bovine colostrum supplement will improve health during the training and increase fitness levels.
The investigators want to find a better way to predict the risk of having fatty tissue inflammation by using a different approach to finding out body fat composition. In this study, the investigators want to estimate the body fat composition using a DEXA scan. DEXA stands for dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. It is the standard and established test to determine bone mineral density (how strong the bones are) to diagnose osteoporosis. This test can also be used to determine the body composition including percent body fat and lean mass. The investigators will compare the participants DEXA scan results for body fat composition to the inflammation found in the breast tissue from the mastectomy to see if there is a relationship. If successful, this may help us predict which patients may be at risk for breast cancer in the future. In addition, the investigators will compare the participants DEXA scan results for body fat composition and inflammation found in the fat tissue from the mastectomy or prostatectomy to the level of exercise activity as measured by a short questionnaire to see if there is a relationship. The investigators will also measure the participants waist to hip ratio. Finally, at the time the participant has blood drawn for their standard presurgical testing, the investigators will also test the blood for prediabetes using a blood test called hemoglocin A1c. The investigators will also measure for the participants waist to hip ratio, and a Hgb A1c blood drawn will be take at the time of presurgical testing. If not feasible, Hgb A1c can be drawn at a separate visit prior to the DEXA scan. If successful, this may help us predict which patients may be at risk for breast cancer in the future.
Feeding optimization and nutritional assessment in patients with severe heart failure are challenging. The prevalence of cardiac cachexia may be underestimated by simple measurements of body weight and body mass index because many patients show relative reductions in muscle mass despite being of normal overall weight. Body composition measurement can be essential in chronic heart failure (CHF) patients to estimate sarcopenia. Chronic heart failure patients with cardiac cachexia have a mortality two to three times higher than noncachectic patients. Bedside body composition measurements can reveal developing cardiac cachexia hence can be useful in prevention.