View clinical trials related to Alcohol Dependence.
Filter by:The aim of the present study is to conduct a human trial of [C-11]OMAR, a new PET imaging agent for the brain cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1), to determine its pharmacokinetics and binding characteristics.
In this study we propose to study 24 unmedicated abstinent alcohol dependent patients, 24 obese individuals and 24 individually matched healthy control subjects and determine Norepinephrine Transporter (NET) expression in vivo using (S,S)-[11C]MRB and PET.
To explore the effectiveness and biobehavioural basis of baclofen in improving treatment outcomes for alcohol dependence in people with or without alcoholic cirrhosis in a double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial.
The broad, long-term objective of the current research is to improve treatment outcomes for individuals with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol abuse and dependence (AUD). The purpose of which is to evaluate changes in both PTSD symptoms and alcohol use and cravings associated with Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) or Relapse Prevention (RP) treatment in individuals with PTSD/AUD, along with mediators and moderators of outcomes. The study will randomize 235 PTSD/AUD participants recruited from the VA and from the community to CPT, RP, or Interactive Voice Response (IVR) assessment only (AO). Those in the AO condition will be re-randomized after the treatment phase to either RP or CPT. Individuals will be assessed pretreatment, immediately post-treatment, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months post-treatment and will monitor symptoms daily throughout treatment.
Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are highly prevalent among U.S. civilians, and even more prevalent in the U.S. Veteran population. AUDs are frequently co-morbid with depressive symptoms in psychiatric clinical populations, resulting in an increased severity of both conditions. Indeed, returning Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF)/Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) Veterans have extraordinarily high rates of alcohol misuse and co-morbid psychiatric symptoms, indicating that future Veteran clinical populations will be particularly affected by AUDs. While FDA-approved medications are available to treat AUDs, their efficacy is low compared to available psychosocial treatments. Despite the lack of evidence for efficacy from controlled trials, antidepressants are frequently prescribed to clinical populations (including Veterans) with active AUDs. A better understanding of patient-level clinical variables that may confer poor response to treatment with antidepressants would allow clinicians better tools to distinguish those alcohol-dependent Veterans likely to do worse with antidepressant treatment.
This pilot study will explore the ways to link Ontario's remedial system for convicted drinking drivers to medical intervention, assess the receptiveness of the Back on Track client population to effective medical interventions, and assess the feasibility of a full-scale trial of pharmacotherapy for convicted drinking drivers.
Alcohol-dependence is the most widespread addiction in Western countries and leads to a wide range of impairments at cerebral and cognitive levels. It has also been showed that alcohol-dependence is associated with emotional disturbances, particularly for the decoding of emotional facial expressions (EFE). In view of the crucial role played by EFE to develop and maintain satisfactory interpersonal relations, this emotional processing impairment may have deleterious consequences on alcohol-dependent patient's social well-being, and this deficit is thus of particular clinical interest. Nevertheless, this deficit has up to now been evaluated only by means of experiments using paradigms with low ecological value (i.e. presentation of EFE in isolation and in the central vision field), while in the real life, emotional stimuli are most frequently appearing together with other emotional stimulations (particularly voices) and in the peripheral vision field. Moreover, the cerebral correlates of this emotional deficit are still to be determined. The present study thus aims at exploring the Emotional Facial Expressions (EFE) decoding in alcoholism using a more ecological paradigm, based on peripheral presentation of emotional crossmodal stimuli (i.e. the simultaneous presentation of emotionally congruent face and voice). Main aim: Determining the electrophysiological characteristics (latencies and amplitudes) of the event-related components elicited among recently detoxified alcohol-dependent participants, while performing an emotion-detection task on crossmodal stimuli (voices and/or faces) presented centrally or peripherally, and comparing these characteristics with those obtained among paired healthy participants. Secondary objectives: - Exploring the electrophysiological pattern modifications among alcohol-dependent participants for the emotional faces and voices decoding (unimodal conditions), using spatio-temporal analyses methods. - Exploring the electrophysiological waves associated with peripheral crossmodal stimuli processing among healthy participants. - Exploring the behavioral correlates (reaction times and accuracy) of the emotion-detection task among alcohol-dependent participants while processing peripheral stimuli. - Exploring the psychopathological comorbidities among alcohol-dependent participants and their influence on the behavioral and electrophysiological results.
Background: - Drinking too much alcohol can injure cells in the body. Inflammation is the body s reaction to injured cells. Studies show that inflammation can cause cravings for alcohol. Researchers want to see if piogliatazone, a drug that decreases inflammation, can reduce alcohol craving. If so, it might help develop new ways to help alcoholics with craving. Objectives: - To see if pioglitazone can reduce alcohol craving. Eligibility: - Adults between 21 and 65 years of age who are alcoholic and have been drinking within the past month. Design: - Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. Blood samples will also be collected. - All participants will have inpatient treatment at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center for the 5 weeks of the study. They will have standard treatment for alcoholism during their inpatient stay. - Half of the people in this study will have pioglitazone. The other half will have a placebo. - Participants will have different studies during their stay. These studies will include the following: - Personalized audio recordings of stressful, alcohol-related, and neutral events to monitor mood - Imaging studies to test alcohol cravings - Questionnaires about mood and alcohol cravings - Lumbar puncture to collect spinal fluid - Inflammation test to see if the study drug can block alcohol cravings - After the end of the 5-week study, all participants will be offered follow-up outpatient care through the Clinical Center, or referral to outside treatment.
The primary efficacy endpoint examines the hypothesis that ABT-436 will decrease the weekly percentage of heavy drinking days during Study Weeks 2 through 12 (Days 8-84) as compared to placebo. A "heavy drinking day" is 4 or more drinks per drinking day for women and 5 or more drinks per drinking day for men.
Alcohol dependence is a major health problem worldwide and recently in Israel and it has major health care costs. Cannabis dependence is also a major health issue and many cannabis users find it difficult to quit. Similar to dependence on heavy drugs, alcohol and cannabis-dependent patients find it difficult to quit drinking and smoking cannabis and they relapse to drinking alcohol and using cannabis during treatment. Craving for alcohol and cannabis and withdrawal during detoxification are major factors for relapse to drinking and using cannabis. The cue-exposure and priming paradigms have been used in order to induce craving for alcohol and cannabis in the laboratory. Several studies have delineated the brain mechanisms responsible for cue-induced craving for alcohol using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), a method that can be useful in monitoring progress of treatment. A proven useful medication for treatment of alcohol dependence is the opiate antagonist naltrexone commonly used for treatment of opiate dependence. We have found that cannabis-dependent patients in treatment for cannabis dependence who also were heavy users of alcohol have dropped early from treatment.