Effects of SGLT-2 Inhibition on Hepatic Glucose and Energy Metabolism

Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Trial

Official title:

Acute Effects of Sodium GlucOse Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibition on Hepatic Glucose and Energy Metabolism

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT02558270
• Other study ID #: GOETHE_V2
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 2
• First received: September 22, 2015
• Last updated: September 26, 2016
• Start date: June 2016
• Est. completion date: June 2018

Study information

• Verified date: September 2016
• Source: Medical University of Vienna
• Contact: Michael Krebs, Prof. MD
• Phone: 0140400/431000
• Email: michael.krebs[@]meduniwien.ac.at
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Health authority: Austria: Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES)
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Inhibition of SGLT2 by specific inhibitors has been shown to reduce the renal threshold for glucose excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and control subjects leading to significant renal glucose loss even in the presence of normal glucose concentrations. SGLT2 inhibition with canagliflozin induces a 24h urinary glucose loss of around 70g in healthy subjects.

Recent studies indicate that under fasting and postprandial conditions administration of SGLT-2 inhibitors leads to increase in endogenous (hepatic) glucose production (EGP) potentially counteracting the glucose lowering potency of these drugs. Dapagliflozin has been shown to acutely increase endogenous glucose production (EGP) and plasma glucagon concentrations under postabsorptive conditions within 2 hours after drug ingestion in patients with (T2DM). Glucagon binds to receptors in the liver and activates hepatic gluconeogenesis (GNG) and glycogenolysis, likely contributing to the observed increase in EGP.

So far the likely interrelation between acute changes in hepatic glucose metabolism and energy turnover contributing to increased hepatic glucose production induced by SGLT2 inhibition has not been studied. It is known that out of the 80% of oxygen consumption coupled to ATP synthesis, 7- 10% is used by GNG. However, so far the effects of dapagliflozin on acute changes in gluconeogenesis (GNG) and ATP turnover in hepatic tissue and on the time course of hormones involved in hypoglycaemia counter regulation have not been studied.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 20
• Est. completion date: June 2018
• Est. primary completion date: December 2017
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: Both
• Age group: 18 Years to 75 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion criteria for diabetic patients:

• Type 2 diabetes

• BMI 23 - 35 kg/m2

• Age between 18 - 75 years

• HbA1c < 7.5% while on dietary treatment only or treatment!with!up!to!two!oral!antidiabetic! agents!including!metformin,!alphaAglucosidase!inhibitor,!sulfonyl!urea!or!DPPAIV!inhibitor.

• Must have given written informed consent and be able to comply with all study requirements

• Males or females. Aged 18 to 75 years, inclusive, at the time of informed consent

• Females: Non-pregnant and non-lactating; surgically sterile (e.g., tubal occlusion, hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, bilateral oophorectomy), post-menopausal (defined as 12 months of spontaneous amenorrhea in females > 55 years of age or, in females = 55 years, 12 months of spontaneous amenorrhea without an alternative medical cause and FSH levels in the postmenopausal range for the laboratory involved), abstinent, or if engaged in sexual relations of child-bearing potential, subject is using an acceptable contraceptive method.

• Body Mass Index (BMI) 23 - 35 kg/m2

• Agree to maintain current diet and exercise regimen. Agree to abstain from alcoholic beverages for at least 48 hours prior to clinic visits and not increase alcohol consumption during the study

Exclusion criteria for diabetic patients:

• smoking

• pregnancy

• treatment with more than 2 oral antidiabetic agents or treatment with insulin / SGLT2 inhibitor

• regular medication

• tendency towards claustrophobia

• metal devices or other magnetic material in or on the subjects body which will be hazardous for NMR investigation [heart pacemaker, brain (aneurysm) clip, nerve stimulators, electrodes, ear implants, post coronary by-pass graft (epicardial pace wires), penile implants, colored contact lenses, patch to deliver medications through the skin, coiled spring intrauterine device, vascular filter for blood clots, orthodontic braces, shunt-spinal or ventricular, any metal implants (rods, joints, plates, pins, screws, nails, or clips), embolization coil, or any metal fragments or shrapnel in the body].

• Severe hepatic insufficiency and/or significant abnormal liver function defined as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >3x upper limit of normal (ULN) and/or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >3x ULN, Total bilirubin >2.0 mg/dL (34.2 µmol/L), positive serologic evidence of current infectious liver disease including Hepatitis B viral antibody IGM, Hepatitis B surface antigen and Hepatitis C virus antibody

• Creatinine Clearance: <60 mL/min (calculated by Cockcroft-Gault formula) or a measured serum creatinine value of >1.5 mg/dL (133 µmol/L) for male patients and >1.4 mg/dL (124 µmol/L) for female patients, History of unstable or rapidly progressing renal disease

• History of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) requiring medical intervention (eg, emergency room visit and/or hospitalization) within 1 month prior to the Screening visit.

• Volume depleted patients.

• Recent Cardiovascular Events in a patient:

• Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) within 2 months prior to enrolment

• Hospitalization for unstable angina or acute myocardial infarction within 2 months prior to enrolment

• Acute Stroke or TIA within two months prior to enrolment

• Less than two months post coronary artery revascularization

• Congestive heart failure defined as New York Heart Association (NYHA) class IV, unstable or acute congestive heart failure.

• Treatment with insulin, thiazolidinedione (e.g., pioglitazone), GLP-1 agonist, SGLT2 and other drugs that may affect plasma glucose level (including systemic glucocorticoids) within 3 months prior to screening

Exclusion criteria for healthy controls:

• Clinically!significant!abnormalities!in!medical!history!or!physical!examination + smoking

• regular medication

• pregnancy, breast feeding

• tendency towards claustrophobia

• metal devices or other magnetic material in or on the subjects body which will be hazardous for NMR investigation [heart pacemaker, brain (aneurysm) clip, nerve stimulators, electrodes, ear implants, post coronary by-pass graft (epicardial pace wires), penile implants, colored contact lenses, patch to deliver medications through the skin, coiled spring intrauterine device, vascular filter for blood clots, orthodontic braces, shunt-spinal or ventricular, any metal implants (rods, joints, plates, pins, screws, nails, or clips), embolization coil, or any metal fragments or shrapnel in the body].

• Hepatic insufficiency and/or significant abnormal liver function defined as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >3x upper limit of normal (ULN) and/or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >3x ULN, Total bilirubin >2.0 mg/dL (34.2 µmol/L), positive serologic evidence of current infectious liver disease including Hepatitis B viral antibody IGM, Hepatitis B surface antigen and Hepatitis C virus antibody

• Creatinine Clearance: <60 mL/min (calculated by Cockcroft-Gault formula) or a measured serum creatinine value of >1.5 mg/dL (133 µmol/L) for male patients and >1.4 mg/dL (124 µmol/L) for female patients, History of unstable or rapidly progressing renal disease

• Volume depleted patients. Patients at risk for volume depletion due to co-existing conditions

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Pharmacodynamics Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Investigator), Primary Purpose: Basic Science

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Metabolically Healthy Controls
• Type 2 Diabetes

Intervention

Drug:
• Dapagliflozin

• Placebo

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Austria	Medical University Of Vienna, Department of Internal Medicine III	Vienna

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Medical University of Vienna

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Austria, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Change in endogenous glucose production		420 minutes	No
Secondary	Change in hepatic gluconeogenesis		420 minutes	No
Secondary	Change in hepatic lipid content		420 minutes	No
Secondary	Change in hepatic glycogen content		420 minutes	No
Secondary	Changes in hepatic ATP concentrations		420 minutes	No
Secondary	Changes in hormones involved in hypoglycemia counter regulation		420 minutes	No