Changes in Bone Turnover With Increased Incretin Hormone Exposure — DRTC  

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Clinical Trial

Official title: Changes in Bone Turnover With Increased Incretin Hormone Exposure (UAB Diabetes Research and Training Center Pilot and Feasibility Study)

Status Recruiting

Clinical Trial Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if the use of sitagliptin increases bone formation and reduces bone turnover in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.

Clinical Trial Description

Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are at an increased risk of fracture, despite having bone mineral density (BMD) similar to age and sex matched cohorts. Recent studies have indicated that changes in incretin (INtestinal seCRETion of INsulin) hormones in the setting of T2DM may play a role in bone metabolism. Two of these incretin hormones, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), have been shown to be involved in bone turnover regulation, in addition to their effect in increasing insulin secretion and decreasing glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent manner. In addition, the rise in glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) in the postprandial state has been found to have a direct effect on reduced bone resorption in a non-fasting state and treatment with GLP-2 improved BMD in postmenopausal women. Due to their glucose lowering effects, incretins have been a therapeutic target for the treatment of T2DM through GLP-1 receptor analogs or inhibition of incretin metabolism via dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors (i.e. sitagliptin). Inhibition of DPP-4 leads to an approximate doubling of GLP-1 and GIP levels but also leads to reduced breakdown of GLP-2.

Less is known about the effect of incretin-directed therapies, specifically sitagliptin, and bone metabolism. To our knowledge, two studies have looked at the direct effects of currently available incretin-directed therapies on bone metabolism. Exenatide (a GLP-1 analog) treatment of insulin resistant and type 2 diabetic rats resulted in osteogenic effects with increased osteocalcin levels following treatment. In a study of female non-diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats treated with pioglitazone, rosiglitazone, sitagliptin, vs. placebo, no significant change in bone mineral density was seen in the sitagliptin or placebo treated rats (compared to significant loss of bone mineral density in the TZD groups). Even fewer published studies are available evaluating changes in bone metabolism with the use of incretin hormones in humans. The majority of the human studies have been completed with GLP-2. These studies show a dose-dependent effect of GLP-2 on bone resorption and, preliminarily, show improved bone mineral density in postmenopausal women treated with GLP-2. However, the changes in incretin activity vary in persons with glucose intolerance and T2DM. Therefore, it is important to understand the potential effects of these medications on bone metabolism in persons prescribed these medications for treatment of their T2DM. ;

Study Design

Allocation: Randomized, Intervention Model: Single Group Assignment, Masking: Double Blind (Subject, Investigator), Primary Purpose: Health Services Research

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

• NCT number: NCT01374568
• Study type: Interventional
• Source: University of Alabama at Birmingham
• Contact: Tammy Perkins, RN
• Phone: 205-934-4112
• Status: Recruiting
• Phase: Phase 4
• Start date: July 2010
• Completion date: December 2017