Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Clinical Trial
Official title:
GIANT: General Practitioner Implementation in Asia of Normoglycaemic Targets
To test whether the International Diabetes Federation - Western Pacific Region (IDF-WPR) Guidelines are more effective than standard practices in primary care (general practitioner) clinics for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Asia. A 12-month multinational multicentre prospective cluster randomisation clinical trial within a primary care setting, with 2 parallel treatment arms: diabetes management using IDF-WPR guidelines versus standard clinic practices. 400 subjects will be recruited from 100 sites (4 subjects per site) in ten Asian countries (China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Korea, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam).
Description of intervention(s) / exposure and control treatment: This is a prospective
multinational, multicentre, cluster-randomised study conducted within the primary care
setting, with two parallel treatment arms: standard clinical practice versus education on
diabetes management using International Diabetes Federation - Western Pacific Region
(IDF-WPR) "Type 2 diabetes practical targets and treatments". The study duration will be 12
months.
100 General Practitioners (GPs) (10 per country) will be randomised to receive education on
the IDF-WPR guidelines or to receive no trial-related education.
- GPs in both groups will be required to recruit 4 of their own patients meeting the
eligibility criteria. The complete entry criteria are detailed in a following section.
- GPs in both groups will manage the recruited patients according to their own clinical
judgement. Frequency of patient visits to the GP's clinic will be determined by the GP.
All medication prescribed by the GPs should already be registered in the participating
countries.
- Blood sampling of patients will be required at Study Visit 1 (Screening/Baseline),
Study Visit 2 (month 6) and Study Visit 3 (month 12).
The intervention will comprise an educational program on the guidelines for GPs, and will be
carried out by the national coordinating centre in each country, based on a template
provided by the international coordinating centre (International Diabetes Institute,
Australia). The educational program for the GPs randomised to the intervention arm will:
1. Combine didactic and interactive sessions.
2. Involve opinion leaders, i.e. the national lead investigator
3. Aim to resolve barriers to practical implementation of guidelines already identified
from previous studies (e.g. discuss starting insulin)
4. Present the evidence for the guidelines.
5. Highlight any conflicts between the guidelines and local prescribing regulations, and
confirm the need to follow the local prescribing regulations in these instances
6. Involve an initial educational symposium and a follow-up continuing medical education
symposium at 3 months
Organisational changes to improve guideline adherence for the study will include:
1. Paper or electronic reminders of the guidelines will be sent to GPs every 3 months.
2. Desktop reminders cards with key guideline algorithms.
3. Insertion of a flowsheet (diabetes action plan) into the patient's medical notes by the
study nurse (at the time of review of the practitioner's baseline HbA1c utilisation).
Patient-centred approaches to improve guideline adherence for the study will include:
1. Encouragement and empowerment of patients to ask questions of the treating
practitioners
2. Provision of each patient with a "diabetes passport" to be held by the patient, to
encourage discussion between the patient and practitioner and also recording of results
of medical examinations. This will be provided at the baseline visit to the national
coordinating centre.
;
Allocation: Randomized, Endpoint Classification: Efficacy Study, Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment, Masking: Open Label, Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
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