View clinical trials related to Subjective Health.
Filter by:This study seeks to evaluate how work conditions affect workers' health and well-being, job attitudes and decisions on the job, and key organizational outcomes. This study is being carried out in partnership with a national retailer's e-commerce division. The study centers on a cluster randomized trial evaluation of changes in workplace policies and practices in order to understand their impact on workers, families, and the firm but also utilize multi-method data to gain a better understanding of the stressors and sources of resilience for this growing, but understudied population of low-wage workers.
People spend up to 90% of their life indoor, and the way we live and behave in our homes has substantial effects on our health and well-being. Particle contamination is suggested to have substantial negative effects on health, with candles and cooking emitting the largest amount of particles, thus being the largest contributors to indoor air pollution. The overall aim of the present project is to contribute to increased understanding of the association between indoor particulate air pollution and health and well-being.
Social networks, social capital, i.e., network-accessed resources, and neighbourhood environments have been shown associated with a range of health behaviours and conditions, including obesity, physical activity, nutrition, and mental health. Research on social capital and health in Montreal has shown the importance of network social capital for a person's subjective health status, sense of control, self-reported physical activity, and obesity. Research has also shown high social capital to reduce health service use, mental health service use, and improve the management of chronic illnesses. Despite advances in the understanding of social capital and its link to health and health service use, most research on social capital is cross sectional and is unable to identify the causal pathways linking social networks and capital to health and health care use. Longitudinal research would strengthen the evidence base for designing interventions to prevent or delay the use of health services, particularly in older adults. This research has three main objectives: (1) transform the original sample of Montreal Neighbourhood Networks and Healthy Aging (MoNNET-HA) households (n=2707) into a panel study, (2) link the MoNNET-HA participant data to their Quebec Health Insurance Registry (Régie de l'assurance maladie (RAMQ)) information, and (3) assess the feasibility of extending the MoNNET-HA panel by one wave to include participant's core network members. Unique about the original MoNNET-HA sample is that it purposefully oversampled older adults (> 64 years old) but remains representative of Montreal adults at various ages and income levels. In addition, MoNNET-HA data is integrated into a GIS database which allows researchers to examine the effects of neighbourhood environmental characteristics on health. By linking MoNNET-HA data to RAMQ, researchers will be able to examine patterns of diagnosed health conditions, (e.g., fractures, depression), pharmaceutical use and adherence, and formal health care use over time. Transforming the cross-sectional study into a panel study would also allow researchers to examine longitudinally the dynamics of health and health care utilization among Panel participants over the life course, and the causal pathways linking neighbourhoods and networks to health and health care use.
Motivations: Socio‐economic and education determinants have a big impact on health outcomes, in terms of worse health status in populations living in more disadvantaged conditions. Social capital, self‐management and health literacy are some of the intermediate determinants, with the potential to mitigate health inequalities through interventions driven by local health agents. These three determinants are intensely interlinked and have, separately, impacts on self‐perceived health. Social capital is defined in this project as an umbrella concept, which includes quantitative aspects of social resources (structural social capital: social networks and contacts, social and civic participation) as well as qualitative or subjective aspects (cognitive social capital: perceived social support, feeling of belonging and trust) and covers relations between subjects at a micro or individual level (family and friends) as well as at a macro or community level. Health literacy is understood as cognitive and social skills which determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access to, understand and use information in ways which promote and maintain good health. Both are key aspects for self‐management behaviours. The target of our research project are older people living in urban socioeconomically disadvantaged areas, since ageing is in itself an inequality axis and urban environments concentrate the highest health disparities. Objectives: With the aim to reduce health inequality, an intervention has been designed to promote self‐management, health literacy and social capital among older people who perceived their health as fair or poor and are living in urban socioeconomically disadvantaged areas with the aim of improving their self‐perceived health. Secondarily, the efficacy of the intervention will be analysed in terms of increasing self‐management, health literacy and social capital (social support and social participation), quality of life, mental health and healthy lifestyles. In third place, behavioural health patterns will be identified in relation to health literacy, social capital, gender, socioeconomic and educational level, and they will be linked to the intervention efficacy levels.