View clinical trials related to Smoking.
Filter by:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relative efficacy of a postpartum smoking relapse prevention program, Strategies to Avoid Returning to Smoking (STARTS), and a supportive, nondirective comparison condition (SUPPORT) to increase the proportion of women who remain abstinent through 12 months postpartum. We hypothesize that women randomized to STARTS will maintain higher rates of smoking abstinence at 6 and 12 months postpartum, and expect STARTS to increase the length of time abstinence is sustained relative to SUPPORT.
An estimated 47 million adult Americans smoke. The American Lung Association has launched a reactive telephone help line to assist in smoking cessation. The proposed study will evaluate its effectiveness in a randomized controlled trial design involving active smokers who call this helpline. Eligible callers will be randomized into two groups: those who receive self-help literature only (i.e. control group) and those who receive additional reactive telephone counseling (i.e. study group). Detailed information will be collected proactively by an independent research calling specialist from all subjects who enroll into the study, by way of follow-up telephone calls, at one, three, six and twelve months following the screen date. The outcome measures to be compared are abstinence rates, quit attempts, changes in extent of smoking and behavioral stage, and cost-effectiveness. A thousand subjects will be enrolled in the two study arms in equal numbers over a period of fifteen months. Intent to treat analysis will be used after adjustment for covariates. The significance of this study lies in establishing the public health importance of such a reactive telephone helpline as a low intensity and low cost interventional smoking cessation tool.
Smoking has been identified as a key risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). It was found that a persistent increase in levels of oxidative stress and prolonged inflammation play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of smoking associated CVD. Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) are widely known for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, in vitro and in vivo. However, there are hardly any studies available that systematically investigated their acute and long-term effects on vascular function as well as on established biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in an "at risk" population such as smokers. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of an eight-week supplementation with OPCs on vascular function as well as biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation in blood of smokers.
Despite rising smoker rates, particularly in girls and young women, only few studies have focused on smoking cessation in young smokers. Gynaecologist practices may be an ideal setting to proactively intervene with young female smokers. Elevated health risks of smoking while using hormonal contraceptives could be a successful approach to gain young women's attention on smoking cessation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a smoking cessation intervention for girls and young women visiting gynaecologist practices and using hormonal contraceptives.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether a smoking cessation telephone care coordination program is effective and feasible in VA Mental Health Clinics.
The purpose of this study is to determine the percentage of English- and Spanish-speaking smokers worldwide who can stop smoking using an Internet stop smoking site. Latinos and non-Latinos are welcome to participate. We will stop recruitment on March 19, 2011. Participants will be able to use the site until May 19, 2011.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether the Smoke-Break nicotine delivery device can help smokers quit smoking, while avoiding many of the side effects associated with other smoking cessation products.
A sample of smokers who have no current plans to quit will be recruited for this study and randomized to one of two intervention conditions: 1. Practice Quit Attempt (PQA) aided by brief advice and self-help materials, or 2. PQA aided by advice and self-help materials plus nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). This study will test whether adding free nicotine replacement therapy to brief advice to undertake a practice quit attempt will motivate more smokers to make a serious attempt to stop smoking than brief advice without NRT. All treatments and assessments will be delivered via telephone and mailing. The primary outcome of interest is the incidence of a serious attempt to permanently stop smoking made over a six-month study period. Our specific hypotheses are as follows: Hypothesis 1: Helping smokers to make a practice quit attempt aided by NRT will result in a higher incidence of making a serious effort to quit smoking permanently, compared to an aided practice quit attempt without NRT. We also expect provision of NRT will increase point prevalence abstinence at 6 month follow-up. Hypothesis 2: This relationship between NRT-aided practice quit attempts and quit behaviors will be mediated by a) increased smoking related self efficacy, b) increased belief in the efficacy of NRT, c) fewer concerns about adverse events of NRT, d) increased social support for not smoking, and e) less withdrawal distress and craving during the practice quit attempt.
People that are infected with HIV appear to be especially susceptible to the adverse effects of cigarette smoking. The purpose of this study is to determine if quitting smoking by using a specialized smoking cessation treatment can prevent one from developing accelerated lung damage, particularly emphysema.
The broad objective of this proposal is to identify functional neuroanatomical correlates of impairments in sustained attention during smoking abstinence. We will measure changes in performance and regional blood oxygenation levels using fMRI while smokers and non-smokers complete a task designed to assess sustained attention—or the continuous monitoring of stimuli. Our primary hypothesis is that smoking abstinence will result in impaired sustained attention accompanied by decreases in blood-oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI signal in regions associated with sustained attention including right fronto-parietal cortex, thalamus and reticular activation system. Abstinence may also result in performance-related increases in activation in brain regions associated with effortful processing including the anterior cingulate cortex. We also hypothesize that smokers during the satiated state will exhibit brain activity more similar to that of non-smokers. In addition to task related brain responses, we will also measure changes in absolute regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and hypothesize that abstinence will result in significant decreases in regions associated with arousal (e.g., reticular activation system); information processing (e.g., thalamus); and emotional regulation (e.g., anterior cingulate cortex, prefrontal cortex).