View clinical trials related to Smoking Habit.
Filter by:This study aimed to compare the distribution of subgingival periodontal pathogens following non-surgical periodontal therapy in smoking and non-smoking people with periodontitis. The main question it aims to answer is: - Does smoking affect the results of non-surgical periodontal treatment on subgingival flora in participants with periodontal disease? Researchers performed non-surgical periodontal therapy on 48 participants with stage III/IV periodontitis and recorded clinical measurements. They obtained subgingival plaque samples from periodontal pockets at the onset and after four weeks of treatment, determining the level of periodontopathogens using a polymerase chain reaction-based method.
This study aims to develop, implement, and determines the effectiveness of a personalized medicine approach to each individual's phenotype, based on an innovative physical exercise program to promote the treatment of pain and functional limitation resulting from knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in patients recovering after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiovascular risk (CVR). This randomized clinical study is important due to the lack of evidence according to the effectiveness of a personalized physical exercise intervention in people after MI or CVR with simultaneous KOA. Some studies have shown the existence of a relationship between OA and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including coronary artery disease, stroke, congestive heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, cardiac procedures, or death related to CVD, since individuals with OA have a higher prevalence of CVD than individuals without OA. Sedentary behaviour is a risk factor for AMI, CVR and KOA, and, at the same time, physical exercise is a common non-pharmacological treatment for people suffering from these conditions, namely in the control of joint pain, gains in functional capacity, and the improvement of cardiorespiratory functional capacity, whose impact can be felt in level of quality of life. Chronic diseases have a significant impact on the global burden of disease, particularly CVD and OA, with the added presence of obesity also contributing to a high rate of all-cause morbidity and mortality, representing a substantial health burden and with growing implications for individuals, health systems and socioeconomic costs. The presence of OA seems to lead to an increased risk of developing CVD. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain this relationship. Chronic inflammation associated with OA is one of the hypotheses suggested to explain the increased risk of CVD in these individuals. Furthermore, the pain and disability associated with OA may also limit participation in exercise/physical activity, influencing other risk factors associated with both chronic diseases, such as weight gain. The lack of studies about physical exercise intervention on people that suffered acute myocardial infarction or is in cardiovascular risk with simultaneous knee osteoarthritis and the lack of offer of phase III cardiac rehabilitation in Algarve motivated the development of this study, with the assumption of adopting a healthier lifestyle.
The objective of this R01 application is to conduct a randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of the Be Smoke Free, telephone-based, guided imagery (GI) intervention (IC) for smoking cessation compared to active behavioral control (CC). The study will recruit 1,200 diverse smokers from three states, Arizona, New York, and West Virginia to increase generalizability. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive either the IC or CC delivered by telephone by University of Arizona study coaches and will be assessed at 3- and 6-months post-enrollment by study staff. The primary outcome is biochemically verified 7-day point prevalence abstinence at 6 months. This innovative and rigorously designed project conducted by an experienced team has the potential to improve public health through the delivery of an innovative integrative GI intervention via telephone.
SmokeFree is a theory-driven and evidence-based stop smoking mobile application. Based on NICE guidance and best practice for smoking cessation, the application employs over 30 behaviour change techniques used in NHS Stop Smoking Services. It has been downloaded over 4 million times and has an average user rating of 4.7 out of 5, from over 120,000 ratings. Whilst user feedback has been highly positive, there is a need for further objective studies to demonstrate its efficacy. This is a prospective, observational, two arm feasibility study, which aims to evaluate the efficacy, attrition rate and user experience of the SmokeFree App. Inpatients in the Acute Medical Unit and ambulatory emergency care unit at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital who are current smokers will be offered to participate in the study, in addition to all other smoking cessation interventions, which will also be offered to them. Care will be taken to ensure that all available options of smoking cessation support are offered in addition to the SmokeFree application. Subjects agreeing to participate will be given access to the application for a period of 12 weeks, with a target quit date no later than week 8 of use of the application. At the end of 12 weeks they will be offered a follow up appointment in a purposely designed clinic, where their CO level will be measured, as well as being invited to complete feedback questionnaires on their experience. The primary end point of the study will be the quit rate for a period of minimum of 4 weeks by the completion of the 12 week trial. This will be confirmed with exhaled carbon monoxide testing. Secondary endpoints include user experience, engagement with the mobile application and attrition rate.
This project from the University Hospital of Parma (AOUPR) aims to verify the feasibility of a prevention program in our district, relying on advanced technological resources and highly experienced team in lung cancer early diagnosis, in order to identify useful elements towards the applicability of such a prevention program on a large scale (regional, national). Uncontrolled, monocentric experimental study with dynamic enrollment and prospective data collection, aimed at implementing a prevention program based on scientific evidence. This study is set to verify the applicability and feasibility of a lung cancer prevention program in a real context, including a preliminary evaluation at the smoking cessation clinic and a LDCT assessment with subsequent LDCT follow-up for participants who show indeterminate findings at the first LDCT (LDCT baseline) exam. The main objective of the study is to verify the feasibility of a lung cancer prevention program according to internationally validated scientific methods. Secondary objectives: 1. To evaluate the use of local smoking cessation clinics and their effects in terms of smoking cessation (primary prevention) 2. To evaluate the outcomes of the program in terms of number of patients with early (presymptomatic) lung cancer treated with minimally invasive surgery (secondary prevention) 3. To evaluate the number of false positives and their diagnostic work-up (PET-CT, CT-guided biopsy, bronchoscopy) Primary endpoint: - Percentage of enrolled subjects to whom the program was offered within 60 days from the date of enrolment and percentage of those who stop smoking for at least 12 months Secondary endpoints: - To describe the organizational model, human resources employed, difficulties encountered and elements that have favoured its realization - To measure the variation in smoking habits in enrolled smokers - To describe the effect of annual LDCT on lung cancer diagnosis rates, considering size, shape, histology and site - To measure the consequent demand for further diagnostic investigations and treatment - To measure the number of false positives Subjects at high risk of lung cancer screened by the medical team of the AOUPR or by GPs to join the prevention program. Inclusion criteria - Age between 50 and 75 years - Equivalent tobacco intoxication of ≥ 15 cigarettes per day for ≥25 years or ≥ 10 cigarettes per day for ≥30 years - Status of current smoker or ex-smoker for <10 years. Exclusion criteria • Personal history of cancer within the prior 5 years We expect to recruit around 500 people in 1 year. This sample size is considered adequate based on the available resources, both human and economic. After closing and adjusting the database and before data analysis, a document called Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP) will be drawn up. It will consist of the following paragraphs: - Statistical methods planned in the study protocol; - Size of the sample; - Management of missing data; - Evaluation of the endpoints; - Statistical models that will be applied in the analysis. The socio-demographic characteristics of the enrolled subjects, the adopted organizational methods and the effects of the prevention program (endpoints) will be analyzed and described using tables and figures. The project "PRogetto Salute Parma: Primary and secondary prevention of smoking-related lung cancer" will be started once approved by the institutional Ethics Committee and authorized by the General Manager. The study is expected to be carried out over 2 years (from the inclusion of the first subject), with an expected period of 1 year for the enrolment and 1 further year for follow-up.
Smoke is still a significant Public Health problem. The Emergency Departments (EDs) could be the ideal setting to set up smoke cessation interventions (high prevalence of smoking patient compared to the general population). The structured brief counseling 5As based (ask, advice, asses, assist, arrange) is an effective Public Health intervention when performed by the General Practitioners. Still not clear is its feasibility and effectiveness in the ED setting. Aim of the study. To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of the 5As based counselling in the University ED of Novara compared to the "usual care".