View clinical trials related to Sleep Deprivation.
Filter by:Endogenous melatonin is produced by the pineal gland at night under normal conditions and regulates the sleep-wake cycle. Artificial light administered at night suppresses melatonin production and sleep disturbances are accompanied by abnormal melatonin secretion such as phase delay. Therefore, dramatic disturbances of endogenous rhythms in intensive care unit patients have remarkable effects on melatonin production. In addition to its physiological roles in regulating sleep patterns, melatonin has been demonstrated to provide antiinflammatory effects in experimental models. Although some previous studies have investigated the circadian pattern of melatonin in intensive care unit patients, the investigators think that the present study is the first one that will assess the effects of controlling noise and light on melatonin and inflammatory response after major abdominal surgery.
Rationale. Sleep loss is a risk factor for cardiovascular events mediated through endothelial dysfunction. Objective. To determine if 7 weeks of exercise training can limit cardiovascular dysfunction induced by total sleep deprivation (TSD) in healthy young men. Methods: 16 subjects will be examined during 40-h TSD, both before and after 7 weeks of interval exercise training. Vasodilatation induced by ACh, insulin and heat (42°C) as well as pulse wave velocity (PWV), blood pressure and heart rate (HR) will be assessed at baseline, during TSD, and after one night of sleep recovery. Biomarkers of endothelial activation, inflammation, and hormones will bemeasured from morning blood samples at 07:00
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, manifested as an initial deficit of episodic memory that evolves into a global cognitive and psychosocial dysfunction and which prevalence is increasing around the world. Sleep disturbance is frequent since early stages of the disease and sleep fragmentation had been demonstrated increase the production of amyloid peptide (AB) (main pathological hallmark) in non-demented population. Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), which consist in intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation, is a major health problem with multiple systemic effects and it's very prevalent in AD. However, the influence of this comorbidity on the cognitive evolution of AD patients remains unknown. The investigation of neurobiological markers and sleep recording may reveal potential mechanisms of neurodegeneration and explain the influence of sleep fragmentation and/or hypoxia on cognitive decline. To fill those gaps, investigators will perform a multidisciplinary and translational project to assess the progression of symptoms in AD patients, diagnosis of sleep disturbance and new biomarkers of progression of the disease. The present proposal is going to be developed by coordination of different expertises that will be range from the clinical research conducted by a medical neurologist, to the animal model and most molecular work, to be done by an experimented group in mouse work.
The goal of this proposed research is to test the hypothesis that long-term mild sleep restriction (SR), as occurs frequently in adults and adolescents, leads to a positive energy balance and weight gain. Aim 1. To determine the effects of SR, relative to habitual sleep (HS), on food choice and energy intake (EI) in adults at risk of obesity. - Hypothesis 1a. EI, assessed by multiple weekly 24-hour recalls, will be greater during a period of SR relative to HS. This will be mostly due to increased fat and carbohydrate intakes. - Hypothesis 1b. Neuronal responses to food stimuli, assessed by functional MRI (fMRI) after 6 weeks of SR or HS, will indicate increased activity in networks associated with reward and food valuation (insula, orbitofrontal cortex) during a period of SR relative to HS. These responses will be correlated with intakes of high carbohydrate and high fat foods (hypothesis 1a) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Moreover, activation of the default mode network (DMN) will be suppressed to a lesser extent after SR compared to HS. Aim 2. To determine the effects of SR, relative to HS, on energy expenditure (EE) via independent and complementary approaches. - Hypothesis 2a. EE, assessed by doubly-labeled water (DLW), and physical activity level, monitored daily by actigraphy, will be lower during SR relative to HS. - Hypothesis 2b. Brown adipose tissue (BAT), assessed by positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance combined scanner (PET/MR) using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG-PET) and fat fraction (FF) measurement under cold stimulation, will be greater after SR relative to HS. This would suggest higher adaptive thermogenesis after SR compared to HS. BAT activation will also be correlated with NPY. Aim 3. To determine whether SR alters body weight and adiposity relative to HS. - Hypothesis 3a. SR will lead to weight gain and increased total adiposity, as assessed using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), relative to HS. - Hypothesis 3b. Increased adiposity after SR will be correlated to an adverse cardio-metabolic risk profile (increased glucose, insulin, triglycerides, leptin, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and adiponectin) and neuronal responses to food stimuli (Hypothesis 1b), and EE (Hypothesis 2a & 2b). Failure to stimulate BAT with SR will be associated with greater gain in adiposity.
The purpose of this study is to study interactions between genes, lifestyle environmental factors like foods, nutritional supplements and non-invasive medical devices and health factors that can be measured without specialized medical equipment in order to develop lifestyle recommendations tailored to individual genetics for a host of common chronic health conditions.
This project proposes to both develop and test adaptive automation countermeasures for the effects of stressors such as sleep deprivation (SD) on human performance related to robotic tasks, and investigate the relationship between human trust and appropriate use of these countermeasures.
The primary purpose of this study is to explore the underlying mechanisms that link sleep to Alzheimer's disease (AD), with special focus on the clearance of metabolites in the extracellular space of the brain during sleep. Subjects will wear an actigraph for 1 week to determine regular daytime activity and sleep patterns. Subjects will then undergo partial sleep deprivation followed by 4 hours of in-lab nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG). Participants will be be asked to stay awake and active all day after the partial sleep deprivation with a new actigraphy secured by a hospital band to assure participants remain awake. They will seep inside an MRI machine for 90 minutes on the following night during their usual bedtime (established by 1 week actigraphy study.) Morphologic imaging, flow imaging and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) will be performed on a 3T Siemens scanner.
The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of sleep deprivation on subjective inspiratory endurance in healthy subjects.
The purpose of the current proposal will be to examine the clinical performance of both physicians in training as well as experienced faculty in pre and post call situations. Groups will be matched for gender, age, experience and employment duration during regular hours versus immediate post call hour.
Sleep deprivation is known to affect brain function but is often ignored in the sickest patients including those in the intensive care unit after major surgery. In these patients, the levels of melatonin can also be altered. Melatonin is a hormone secreted in the brain that maintains the body's sleep-wake, or circadian, cycle. The investigators want to test whether improving sleep quality affects the risk of developing confusion (delirium) in patients having clot removed from their lung (open heart surgery). In order to improve sleep quality, the investigators will conduct a study of Ramelteon, a medication that mimics the activity of melatonin and measure its effects on levels of melatonin and monitor sleep.