Study of Addiction Criteria in the Elderly
Patients over 65 years old who are exposed to alcohol or benzodiazepines will be recruited through the Fragility Assessment and Addictions Prevention Day Hospital, the Addiction Service and the Geriatric Post-Emergency Department. Toulouse University Hospital. The investigators will study descriptively the frequency of substance use disorder and the frequency of DSM-5 criteria associated with this diagnosis in a population of elderly subjects.
NCT03509077 — Depressive Disorder
Status: Recruiting
http://inclinicaltrials.com/depressive-disorder/NCT03509077/
Investigation of Cocaine Addiction Using mGluR5 PET and fMRI
The proposed research program will investigate the changes in brain chemistry and circuitry that 're-wire' the brain during chronic cocaine use, promote relapse, and complicate treatment efforts. Currently-using and non-treatment-seeking individuals with a cocaine use disorder will undergo a cocaine self-administration paradigm 2-5 days prior to completing positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
NCT03471182 — Cocaine Dependence
Status: Completed
http://inclinicaltrials.com/cocaine-dependence/NCT03471182/
Work on the Social Representation of Addiction Among Mental Health Professionals
Our goal is to determine the representations of addiction among caregivers working in the field of mental health. We hypothesize that caregivers, despite their investment in care, have a negative social representation of patients suffering from addictive disorders, which could be related to a lack of training on the pathology and its social repercussions.
NCT03452800 — Addiction
Status: Recruiting
http://inclinicaltrials.com/addiction/NCT03452800/
Addiction and Substance Dependence in Adolescence - Neurobiological Pathomechanisms and Treatment Evaluation
This study aims to investigate the sociodemographic background as well as psychiatric comorbidities of adolescent substance users with substance use disorders. The study simultaneously evaluates biomarkers of stress and addiction, including long-term cortisol levels from hair samples and gene methylation in blood samples associated with substance use. Our study also adapts, rolls out, and evaluates an evaluated multimodal treatment manual wich was originally intended for stimulant drug users (MATRIX). We adopt this manual to the needs and specifics of adolescents (MATRIX-A, A=adolescents) with substance use disorders of any substance, including cannabis, methamphetamine, and alcohol. Adolescents will receive group therapy sessions, individual therapy sessions, and medication if needed, while parents or professional caretaker will receive group sessions. Therapy outcomes will be examined in addition to parental distress and parenting skills.
NCT03444974 — Substance Use Disorders
Status: Recruiting
http://inclinicaltrials.com/substance-use-disorders/NCT03444974/
The Influence of Nicotinic Hepatic Metabolism on Neuroreceptor Substrates of Nicotine Addiction
Physically healthy adult smokers may be eligible for this study. Volunteers may participate in this study if they are 18 - 65 years old. Subjects will participate in two separate 7-hour PET/CT Scan Sessions (each with 2 hours of actual PET/CT scanning): one following an overnight abstinence and one following two overnights of abstinence. To achieve and confirm two overnights of abstinence, participants will present to the inpatient CHPS the day prior to the scheduled scan and stay overnight. The 2-[18F]-FA PET/CT brain scans will consist of an injection followed by an 7-hour infusion of 2-[18F]-FA. The scan session will begin at approximately 4 hours after the bolus injection. The PET/CT scan will occur in two segments. Starting at approximately 4 hours post bolus and infusion start, we will scan for approximately 90 minutes with a bolus injection of IV nicotine that will occur approximately 15 minutes into the scanning procedure. There will be a break in scanning of approximately 60 minutes, during which subjects will be allowed to get off the scanner and use the restroom, if necessary. The second scan segment will start at approximately 6.5 hours post bolus injection, t. This segment will last approximately 30 minutes. The pre and post nicotine images will be analyzed to evaluate for differences in receptor uptake after the nicotine "challenge". Subjects will have a structural Brain MRI performed within 1 year prior to study enrollment or subjects who have not had a Brain MRI that is deemed acceptable for use for this study will undergo a research Brain MRI after consent.
NCT03442413 — Smoking, Tobacco
Status: Active, not recruiting
http://inclinicaltrials.com/smoking-tobacco/NCT03442413/
Assessment of and Treatment Applied to Food Addiction to Encourage Self-Management of Obesity in a Rural Healthy Behaviors Clinic
Research purpose: The purpose of this pilot study is to assess obese clients for two phenotypes, those testing positive and those testing negative for Food Addiction (FA) (Yale Food Addiction Scale, YFAS) and determining the efficacy of four treatments: usual care (IC, dietary and physical activity instruction), individual motivational interviewing alone (MI), individual MI with pharmacotherapy (MI+P) for improving outcome measures within each phenotype, and pharmacological therapy (P). Background/significance: Obesity has long been an epidemic in the U.S. and other countries. Numerous approaches have been tried to address obesity with limited success. The YFAS is a relatively new, validated instrument that can help researchers and practitioners assess obese clients for food addiction. Meeting the YFAS diagnosis criteria for FA suggests the need for a stronger intervention with close monitoring to assist these clients in self-management of their eating and physical activity behaviors. Proposed methods/approach: The investigators propose assessing obese clients with the YFAS as part of their intake once they are referred to the Healthy Behaviors Clinic by Regional West physicians/practitioners. A nurse researcher with expertise in MI and a nurse practitioner will perform intake assessments, obtain consent and randomly assign participants in each phenotype (positive or negative for FA) to one of three treatment groups (usual care, individual MI alone, and individual MI with pharmacotherapy). Interventions will occur over 6 months. A clinical psychologist with expertise in the YFAS (University of Michigan) will serve as a consultant on this project and a registered dietitian (University of NebraskaLincoln) will serve as a co-investigator. Expected outcomes: The investigators expect that MI and MI+P and P will be more effective in improving outcome measures than IC. We also expect that response to the treatments will differ between the two obesity phenotypes (those testing positive and those testing negative for FA).
NCT03431831 — Obesity
Status: Completed
http://inclinicaltrials.com/obesity/NCT03431831/
Imaging Biomarker for Addiction Treatment Outcome
Background: Many people suffer from drug addiction. But currently, treatments are not very effective. One group of patients in this study are enrolled in addiction treatment through physician health programs (PHPs). About 70% of these patients are able to stop using drugs for extended periods of time. By studying this specific group of patients, researchers want to understand the difference between those who may or may not respond to treatment. They want to study the brain while people do thinking and feeling tasks and when they relax. They will study brain chemicals, a stress hormone, and certain genes. The results may help them understand the brain basis for addiction and recovery. Objectives: To use brain imaging to find differences between people with and without drug addiction. To see if these differences help predict addiction. Eligibility: Healthy, right-handed adults ages 21-65, enrolled in a physician health program or those with no history of addiction and with at least 16 years of education Design: Participants enrolled in a PHP will be screened under this study and participants with no history of addiction will be screened under another study. At the study visit, participants will: Have a routine check-up, including tests for pregnancy, drugs, and alcohol. Give 11 blood samples. Rate their cravings. Test their frustration with stressful situations by responding to questions on a screen. Practice the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) tasks: Shock task. Two electrodes placed on a foot will deliver brief, low-strength electrical shocks that get gradually stronger, but not painful. Participants will see drug or neutral images. They will rate their discomfort. Thinking tasks. Participants will answer questions about pictures, numbers, and money. They will press buttons in response to things they see. Do the MRI tasks in 2 sessions (morning and afternoon) in the scanner. Participants will lie in an MRI machine which will take pictures of the brain while doing these tasks. Some participants will repeat the visit twice over a year at set intervals. Meals will be provided, and visits will include meal breaks and smoking breaks for those who smoke.
NCT03427424 — Opioid-Related Disorders
Status: Terminated
http://inclinicaltrials.com/opioid-related-disorders/NCT03427424/
Efficacy of N-acetylcysteine on the Craving Symptoms of Abstinent Hospitalized Patients With Cocaine Addiction
Cocaine abuse is associated with serious physical, psychiatric and social problems. Addiction results in the compulsive use of a substance with loss of control and persistence despite the negative consequences.The act of re-engaging in the search for drugs is called relapse and a particularly insidious aspect of addiction is that vulnerability to relapse lasts for many years after stopping drug use. The main reason why people continue to use cocaine is because of its influence on the reward system.Indeed, this substance makes it possible to increase the level of dopamine, particularly in the nucleus accumbens.This increase in dopamine is not related to the hedonic pleasure that consumption provides. Instead, it imprints a positive value to enhancers and facilitates the learning of reward associations through the modulation of the cortical and subcortical regions of the brain.In other words, it suggests that users become sensitive to a series of stimuli that combine with a rewarding feeling, which drives them to consume when they encounter them. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been used for a long time, mainly as mucolytic. It has also been used as a glutathione antioxidant precursor in the treatment of paracetamol overdose for more than 30 years. NAC has shown beneficial effects in animal models of cocaine addiction by reversing neuroplasticity and reducing the risk of restoring consumer behavior in rodents. Human studies show that NAC is potentially effective in preventing relapse in abstinent patients and ineffective in reducing current consumption. In this study the investigators will test a sample of newly detoxified (and therefore abstinent) patients who have taken a 3-4 week course of treatment, in order determine if NAC can be a useful medication candidate to avoid relapse in patients with cocaine dependence.
NCT03423667 — Cocaine Addiction
Status: Recruiting
http://inclinicaltrials.com/cocaine-addiction/NCT03423667/
The Preliminary Evaluation of Supporting Addiction Affected Families Effectively (SAFE) - a Contextually Adapted Intervention to Support Family Members Affected by a Relative's Alcohol Use: a Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial
Background: Burden in addiction-affected families is a huge problem (well over 100 million family members worldwide are affected by substance use of a relative), largely unrecognised and untreated. Affected family members (AFMs) are vulnerable to physical and mental ill-health, reduced quality of relationships in the family, and family violence. In India, the burden of alcohol use is increasing: attitudes regarding alcohol use and alcohol availability, consumption patterns, age of drinking onset, levels of heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems, are all changing for the worse. These changes to levels of alcohol consumption and problems will have caused a corresponding increase in the prevalence of AFMs, although they are largely a hidden group. Yet, despite clear evidence of the burden of alcohol use on families, there is a lack of adequate support and targeted services for them. The objective of our study is to examine the preliminary effectiveness, feasibility and acceptability of Supporting Addiction Affected Families Effectively (SAFE) versus Enhanced Usual Care (EUC) in improving clinical outcomes. Methods: Our study is a parallel arm Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial of a psychosocial intervention for family members affected by a relative's alcohol use, in Goa, India. 100 AFMs will be recruited by referrals from community gatekeepers and professionals, and self-referrals resulting from media coverage of the study and and word-of-mouth publicity. Those who consent will be allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either SAFE (counselling) or EUC (information sheet). SAFE will be delivered by lay counsellors over 5 sessions spread across a month and a half, and EUC will consist of an information sheet on alcohol use, its nature, impact and treatment. The primary outcome is mean difference in 'symptoms' scores assessed by the Symptom Rating Test (at 3 months). Secondary outcomes are mean differences in 'coping' scores assessed by the Coping Questionnaire, 'impact' scores assessed by the Family Member Impact Questionnaire, and 'support' scores assessed by the Alcohol, Drugs and the Family Social Support Scale (at 3 months). The primary analyses will be intention-to-treat at the 3-month end-point. Discussion: Our study will aid the process of translational research, by adopting frameworks that have an established evidence base, and implementing these frameworks in a culturally appropriate manner to newer underserved populations.
NCT03412669 — Addiction
Status: Completed
http://inclinicaltrials.com/addiction/NCT03412669/
The Nicholson Science Pheromone Trial
Healthy adult human male facial skin surface lipid liquid pheromone given by mouth to opioid addicts cures them without any withdrawal symptoms whatsoever 250mg on chewing gum vehicle by mouth. Elevated mood eventually becomes accommodated after a few weeks. The pheromone contains volatile airborne sub-pheromones which cause aversive behavior (distrust, superstition, suspicion, arrogance, astonishment/stupidity, jealousy). Artificial jealousy can be avoided by patient isolation for 40 days until the pheromone "taste" wears off the saliva. The pheromone provided is odorless, colorless, and tasteless to the conscious brain.
NCT03394911 — Opioid Use
Status: Not yet recruiting
http://inclinicaltrials.com/opioid-use/NCT03394911/