View clinical trials related to Sarcopenia.
Filter by:Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of muscle mass that may affect over 25% of individuals over the age of 60 and results in a 3 to 4 times increased likelihood of developing a disability. Despite these observations, sarcopenia is rarely subject to a systematic screening process as a part of customary geriatric care. Furthermore, when lean body mass (LBM) is measured via dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in older adults, it is typically within a reactive, hospital-based, model of healthcare where muscle wasting is only assessed after a loss of functional independence. The investigators propose an affordable, portable screening method with ultrasound imaging to be performed in primary care settings. The investigators long term goal is to identify individuals at risk, and intervene with treatments that may prevent the onset of debilitating loss of muscle function in the elderly.
Obesity in humans has been shown to result in the increased release of small inflammatory-inducing proteins, called cytokines, from the fat cells of the body. The investigators are interested in the effects of these cytokines on the mechanisms that control muscle mass and metabolism in the obese human. Previous research from work in cells and animals has shown the cytokines reduce the synthesis of muscle proteins and simultaneously enhance their rate of breakdown, resulting in a loss of muscle mass. Furthermore, research suggests that the same cytokines may inhibit carbohydrate oxidation, a pivotal step in muscle metabolism. However, despite these potential negative consequences for skeletal muscle function, the effect of low-level and persistent inflammation as seen in obese humans, remains largely unknown. In the current study, the investigators plan to measure the rates of synthesis and breakdown of muscle proteins in conjunction with rates of carbohydrate oxidation in obese older participants, and compare them to rates determined in healthy non-obese individuals. Furthermore, participants will undergo a 12-week course of either pioglitazone, an insulin sensitiser often prescribed to type II diabetics, or a placebo. Pioglitazone has been shown previously to normalise the levels of cytokines in the blood of chronically inflamed individuals. By repeating after the 12-week intervention period the initial measurements described above, and by accurately determining the levels of the cytokines, the identification of the negative effects of obesity-induced inflammation in older adults on muscle metabolism will be determined.
This study is to assess the impact on the prevention of sarcopenia after taking cetylpyridinium chloride targeting the patients of presarcopenia over the age of 60.
The primary aim of this study is to compare traditional muscle function tests with computerized versions using body-worn motion sensors and video motion analysis of the same tests. The investigators selected the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test as the investigators primary variable for this aim with several other function tests (e.g., repeated chair rise, 6-meter walk, 2-minute walk, Romberg stance, semi-tandem / tandem stance) as secondary variables. The investigators primary hypothesis is that the computerized versions of the TUG test are highly correlated (>0.9) with the traditional method, but with comparable or better reproducibility. Secondary analyses will correlate other function tests with their computerized version, again with the hypothesis that they are highly correlated and that computerized versions are of similar or better reproducibility. This analysis will also compare traditional assessments of balance with a computerized balance method, computerized dynamic posturography.
This one-year study will test the hypothesis that supplementation with vitamin D will improve lower extremity muscle performance in older men and women with vitamin D insufficiency.
To determine and compare the effects of a training program with Pilates and Facilitation Neuromuscular Proprioceptive on balance and function in elderly women.
To compare the influence of a training program with Pilates and PNF methods to elderly women on the strength gains and motor control during voluntary contractions
The primary aim of the study is to evaluate consequences of frailty in critically ill patients. We hypothesize that a higher frailty index (based on published questionnaires) predicts a longer surgical intensive care unit and hospital length of stay, less ventilator-free days and a higher likelihood of an adverse discharge disposition. Our secondary aim is to identify muscle-size derived variables that can be used to predict frailty. We hypothesize that a low skeletal muscle mass measured by ultrasound can be used to quantify frailty, and to also predict the outcome of SICU patients, expressed as longer stay in the surgical intensive care unit and longer stay in the hospital, less ventilator-free days and a higher likelihood of an adverse discharge disposition. Our third aim is to examine potential triggers of muscle wasting in critically ill patients. Muscle wasting will be assessed by repetitive ultrasound measurements of muscle mass. We hypothesize that a significant decrease in skeletal muscle mass predicts longer stay at the surgical intensive care unit and longer hospital length of stay, less ventilator-free days and adverse discharge disposition.
The loss of muscle mass and strength due to aging leads to serious health problems for older adults. Muscle health can be improved by exercise training, but some people improve their strength substantially, whereas others improve little. The reason for this variation is unknown. This study will investigate whether function of the immune system influences how well people respond to exercise. Older Veterans who participate will have their muscle size, strength, and function measured periodically for almost a year. Participants will drink a nutritional supplement or placebo daily and complete a 36 session strength training program. Participants will be vaccinated for tetanus and donate small amounts of blood and muscle tissue during the study so that immune function can be compared to muscle outcomes during training and during a long-term follow-up. The study results should increase the investigators' understanding of the negative effects of aging on muscle and will possibly lead to better strategies for muscle maintenance and rehabilitation for older adults.
This study aims to assess usual walking speed (4-metre gait speed) and markers of sarcopenia predict mortality in patients with chronic respiratory disease.