View clinical trials related to Premature Birth.
Filter by:This trial analyzes the effect of an olfactory stimulation with vanilla or strawberry aroma compared to placebo on desaturations and bradycardia in preterm infants with apnea of prematurity. Infants on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) support will be included and the aroma will be applied to the inner surface of the CPAP mask using designated scent pens. The trial uses a cross-over design. Infants are randomised to begin the study with either aroma or placebo which will be applied into the breathing mask every 3 to 4 hours during 12 hours for each of the two intervention periods. Identically looking pens with either aroma or placebo are used and patients, parents, medical staff and the study team are blinded to this allocation. Infants are monitored with an oximetry sensor to measure peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) and pulse rate.
Premature atrial contractions (PACs) and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are observed in the majority of individuals monitored for more than a few hours. Although the clinical course of PACs and PVCs is usually benign, it has been described that high PAC or PVC frequency causes various comorbidities and worsens outcomes in different patient groups. For example, PACs can initiate episodes of atrial fibrillation, and PAC count is highly specific in predicting diagnosis of incident atrial fibrillation. Increasing PVC frequencies are an important predictor of incident heart failure. While conventional wisdom dictates that common environmental exposures determine PAC and PVC frequencies, this has not born out in rigorous studies. Whether PAC and PVC frequencies may have genetic underpinnings remains unknown. Comparisons between identical twins and fraternal twins can provide estimates of heritability. Fraternal twins are an ideal control because, like identical twins, they share a womb, have the same birthday, and their environment while growing up are as similar as between identical twins. However, while identical twins share approximately 100% of the same inherited DNA, fraternal twins share, on average, about 50%. By monitoring identical and fraternal twins with portable electrocardiograms (ECGs), we will be able to count the PACs and PVCs over a consecutive timespan to describe the familial aggregation of these complexes. This, to our knowledge, would be the first study to compare PAC and PVC frequencies in identical and same-sex fraternal twins, providing the first assessment of how genetical inheritance may influence cardiac ectopy burdens.
Weaning from mechanical ventilation is a critical issue and the diaphragmatic disfunction has been demonstrated to play an important role in extubation failure. the aim of present investigation is to evaluate diaphragmatic excursion velocity during in patients undergoing spontaneous breathing trial through tissue Doppler analysis in both inspiration and expiration.
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of nasal injury prevention interventions (NIPI) (hydrocolloid tape and facial massage) on nasal septum injury, stress and comfort of premature neonates (28-35 weeks gestation) receiving non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) support.
The aims of this project are: 1. To explore, using the ECAB, if and in which measure the attentional abilities of young preterm children are different from term peers, whom reference data are already published27. 2. To correlate the ECAB results with the "Conner's Teacher, Rating Scale- Revised e Conner's Parent Rating Scale", one of the available diagnostic interview that helps to identify signs of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in young children, at the age of 6 years and over. 3. To study individual trajectories of attention pattern and development during age.
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare dexamethasone in late preterm deliveries. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does antenatal dexamethasone reduce the need for respiratory support in late preterm infants? Does antenatal dexamethasone reduce neonatal morbidities and mortality? Does antenatal dexamethasone reduce admission to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and length of hospital stay? Participants will be allocated into 2 groups: intervention with dexamethasone IM and control (standard care). Investigators will compare these two groups to see if antenatal dexamethasone reduces the need for respiratory support in late preterm infants, neonatal morbidities and mortality, admission to NICU and length of hospital stay.
Preterm birth (PTB), defined as delivery before 37 weeks gestation, is a common complication of pregnancy and affects up to 1 in 10 women in the UK. PTB is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity with babies born earliest being at the greatest risk. Identifying women at high risk of having a PTB and offering treatments and intervention to try and prevent this outcome is a huge priority in clinical practice and in government policy. The PRECISION study will explore the use of a new antenatal test of cervical stiffness to try and improve the recognition of women who may deliver early. Current clinical practice involves measurement of cervical length (CL) and fetal fibronectin in women known to be high risk for PTB. However recent research suggests these methods could be improved upon and we may be able to recognise women at risk more reliably and at an earlier stage in the pregnancy if we use cervical stiffness assessments. A licensed, CE-marked, vacuum-aspiration device called the Pregnolia system has been developed to give quantitative cervical stiffness index scores during pregnancy. This study will directly compare cervical length measurements and fetal fibronectin results with cervical stiffness, using the Pregnolia system, during the second trimester in women known to be high risk for preterm birth. The investigators will aim to explore the best possible predictive tool kit bundle for PTB using any combination of these assessments.
MagnetoEncephaloGraphy (MEG) is a method of recording brain activity with high temporal resolution and good spatial resolution, compared to current recording techniques such as ElectroEncephaloGraphy (EEG). The main limitation of MEG is its cost due to the sensors used, the Super Quantum Interference Devices (SQUID). These require a complex infrastructure from an instrumentation point of view to operate, requiring liquid helium, most often at a loss, at increasing cost. Optical Pumping Magnetometers (OPM) type sensors represent a promising alternative to SQUIDs sensors, especially since they do not require helium cooling. The purpose of this project is to Identify biomarkers in Magnetoencephalography of normal brain development in healthy adults, premature and term newborns from "a priori" obtained by the classical technique of High Resolution EEG performed.
Investigators hypothesize that premature newborns with poor cardiopulmonary performance have higher morbidities and poorer physical and cognitive developmental outcomes. Investigators further hypothesize that audible sounds combined with novel inaudible vibrations above and below human perception interpreted with transparent and auditable AI algorithms can detect and identify early gas and fluid movement anomalies not uncovered by conventional tools in an non-invasive, easy, fast, and low cost examination.
Recurrent and painful interventions such as heel lancing, venipuncture, dressing change, endotracheal aspiration are frequently performed in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). Touch is one of the infant's earliest developing senses. Therefore it is very important among individualized supportive care practices. Correct stimulation of the infant's sense of touch affects psychosocial development positively. In addition, it is reported that touch has a calming and analgesic effect during invasive interventions. Therefore, there is a need for touch appropriate for development of newborn. The aim of this study was determine the effect of Yakson and Gentle Human Touch on pain and physiologic parameters in preterm infants during endotracheal aspiration.