View clinical trials related to Pregnancy.
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The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of two doses of nevirapine (NVP) given only to the infants or lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) from 28 weeks gestation with single dose (SD) NVP given to the mothers plus two doses to the infants, in addition to zidovudine (ZDV) prophylaxis (from 28 weeks' gestation and for one week of ZDV in neonates) for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of potassium iodide during pregnancy on neuro-cognitive development of children followed up until two years.
This is an observational, exposure-registration and follow-up study, to be conducted in the United States (US). The AMEVIVE® Pregnancy Exposure Registry is designed to monitor pregnant subjects and fetuses exposed to AMEVIVE® in order to detect any potential increase in the risk of major birth defects. The AMEVIVE® Pregnancy Exposure Registry is sponsored by Astellas Pharma Global Development and will be managed by INC Research. The Registry will be monitored by an independent Advisory Committee of external experts in relevant specialties of teratology, epidemiology, maternal and fetal medicine, and infectious disease medicine (external member details available upon request).
Early pregnancy is associated with numerous physiologic alterations - many of which are required to establish normal pregnancy outcome. Three-dimensional ultrasound may provide new opportunities to better characterize some of these early changes. This noninvasive method allows one to arbitrarily scan through a digital ultrasound volume data, visualize organs from different perspectives, and render anatomical features through computer processing. Retrospective measurement of distances and volumes are even possible in the physical absence of the patient. New information provided by three-dimensional ultrasound may lead to improved understanding about how to counsel parents regarding early pregnancy complications such as bleeding. For example, vaginal bleeding complicates approximately 15-20% of first trimester pregnancies. A common association is subchorionic hemorrhage which is associated with increased risk for miscarriage, preterm delivery, preterm premature rupture of membranes, stillbirth, and placental abruption. Several studies have attempted to characterize subchorionic hemorrhage by conventional two-dimensional ultrasound which is not particularly well-suited for accurate measurement of small irregular hematomas. Consequently, there has been considerable debate about the significance of this finding especially in asymptomatic women who undergo prenatal ultrasound examination for other reasons. This protocol will attempt to identify prognostic indicators of adverse pregnancy outcome. A maximum of 400 pregnant women up to 20 weeks' gestation with sonographically detected subchorionic hemorrhage will be serially studies to characterize sac volume, placental volume, hematoma volume, and placental blood vessel patterns by 3DUS techniques. These results will be correlated with pregnancy outcome, hormonal markers, and placental pathology. This information is expected to improve our understanding of the natural history of subchorionic bleeding and spontaneous miscarriages as well as prognostic factors influencing pregnancy outcome in both symptomatic and asymptomatic women.
The Uterine Fibroid Pregnancy Registry is a USA and European-based registry designed to monitor pregnancies in women with uterine fibroids in order to 1. estimate the risk ratio of birth defects in women with uterine fibroids who were treated or untreated during pregnancy and 2. detect any pattern of birth defects among pregnancies in specific treatment groups. Those pregnant women exposed to various therapies used to treat uterine fibroids will be compared with those not exposed to treatment in order to detect any potential increase in the risk of major birth defects.
Nicotine dependence has not been sufficiently addressed in current state-of-the-science cessation interventions for pregnant smokers. The weight of the evidence from the general population of smokers suggests that nicotine replacement therapies may be beneficial cessation aids for pregnant smokers who are unable to stop smoking. The tremendous potential of these therapies for promoting smoking cessation among pregnant women creates a pressing need for decision tools and protocols to encourage treatment adherence that is essential for rigorous evaluation of the effectiveness of OTC NRT when provided as part of prenatal care. The results of this research could be directly translated to the improvement of obstetrical care providers' clinical practices. Medically supervised use of OTC NRT by pregnant smokers is an alternative to continued smoking that has the potential to substantially increase rates of smoking cessation during pregnancy.
The objective of the study is to evaluate the acceptance and effect of type- specific HSV serologic testing of pregnant women on sexual behavior at the end of pregnancy.
The purpose of this study is to determine if the information provided to the physician by a fetal pulse oximeter during labor will reduce the chances of a cesarean delivery.
The purpose of this study is to set up a blood bank for infants who have HIV-positive mothers. This blood may be used in the future to treat the child if he/she turns out to be HIV-positive. Blood from the umbilical cord contains a certain kind of cell called a stem cell. Stem cells eventually turn into one of the many types of blood cells. If HIV infection can be prevented in these stem cells, then, when these stem cells are injected back into the infant, the new cells that develop will also be protected from HIV. This study will provide the blood needed to test whether this type of gene therapy is safe and effective.