View clinical trials related to Pneumothorax.
Filter by:Pneumothorax is characterized by an abnormal presence of air in the pleural cavity, that is to say between the two layers of the pleura, the membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the rib cage. "The patient is usually seized with sudden chest pain and difficulty in breathing. In this retrospective research, the investigators wish to carry out an inventory of the management of spontaneous pneumothorax in adolescents within the University Hospitals of Strasbourg
The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of nitric oxide on pulmonary vasculature and right ventricular function in postoperative cardiac surgery patients.
The purpose of this study is to show that treatment with prophylactic autologous blood patch (ABP) after management of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is feasible, reduces the incidence of prolonged air leaks, and reduces hospital length of stay. An ABP is a medical procedure that uses one's own blood in order to close one or many holes identified in the lungs. The blood modulates the pressure of the lungs and forms a clot, sealing the leak. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and the chest wall.
Guidelines lack high quality evidence on optimal postoperative chest tube and pain management after surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP). This results in great variability in postoperative care and length of hospital stay (LOS). Chest tube and pain management are prominent factors regarding enhanced recovery after thoracic surgery, and in standardised care they are crucial to improve quality of recovery and decrease LOS. Historically, postoperative chest tubes are left in place for at least a fixed number of 3-5 days, irrespective of absence of air leakage. This period was deemed necessary for adequate pleurodesis and prevention of recurrence. However, it is suggested that removal on the same day of surgery is safe and associated with a reduced LOS. Regarding postoperative pain management, thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is the gold standard for postoperative pain management following video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). Although the analgesic effect of TEA is clear, it is associated with hypotension and urinary retention. Therefore, unilateral regional techniques, such as paravertebral blockade (PVB), are developed. The investigators hypothesize that early chest tube removal accompanied by a single-shot paravertebral blockade (PVB) for analgesia is safe regarding pneumothorax recurrence and non-inferior regarding pain, but superior regarding LOS when compared to standard conservative treatment.
Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center annually provides assistance to approximately 600 cardiac surgeries and 1500 trauma patients, many of whom require chest tubes to prevent blood and fluids from accumulating in the pleural cavities surrounding the heart. During the removal of chest tubes, there is a risk of air leaking into these cavities, leading to pneumothorax, a critical condition occurring in approximately 5-26% of cases, associated with increased complications and mortality. Currently, the diagnosis of pneumothorax is primarily based on chest X-rays (CXR), despite their limitations and low reliability. As an alternative method, lung ultrasound (LUS) offers several advantages: it is safer, less expensive, and less painful for patients compared to CXR. However, there is a lack of comparative data on the accuracy and interrater reliability of these two diagnostic approaches after chest tube removal. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of lung ultrasound performed by medical trainees in diagnosing pneumothorax in cardiac and trauma patients. By comparing LUS to CXR, the investigators seek to determine if LUS provides a more reliable and precise diagnosis. This study has the potential to enhance patient care by establishing a more effective and accessible method for diagnosing pneumothorax post-chest tube removal.
The PROSPECT study aims to look at the number of problems or side effects which occur after patients have had a procedure completed to remove fluid or air from the space between the lung and the chest wall. Other information will also be collected to see whether anything else affects which patients have problems after the procedure such as bleeding or infection. This study will also investigate whether it is possible to find out which patients are likely to feel a lot better after the procedure. Not all patients feel significantly better but it is not clear why this is. There are a number of different reasons patients may not feel better, for example if the lung is not able to fully re-expand. The study aims to look at whether it is possible to predict these problems before the procedure using ultrasound. If it is possible to find the answers to some of these questions it might be possible to prevent patients undergoing treatments which are not likely to benefit them. The study will use information already collected as part of clinical care, as well as questionnaires from patients receiving care at a variety of centres. The different features of these centres will also be considered in analysis.
This study will compare the effect of HFNC versus standard oxygen administration after elective esophagectomy for cancer.
Pneumothorax refers to air in the pleural cavity (i.e. interspersed between the lung and the chest wall).1 Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) mostly occurs in healthy individuals without an apparent cause, probably due to the rupture of subpleural blebs located mostly on the apex of the lung or the apical segment of the lower lobe. Compared to PSP, a secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) occurs in the setting of underlying pulmonary disease, like COPD.2 Surgical treatment involves resection of apical bleb disease and pleurodesis which could be chemical or mechanical. Mechanical pleurodesis accomplished either via pleurectomy or pleural abrasion.3 In this study, we aim to compare the efficiency and recurrence risk of pleural abrasion versus pleurectomy in patients with Spontaneous pneumothorax.
Pneumothorax can be fatal if treatment is delayed or the pneumothorax is refractory. However, the mortality rates and their risk factors were mainly reported from retrospective studies, and local data regarding the mortality of spontaneous pneumothorax is scarce. This study aims at evaluating the in-hospital mortality and relevant clinical outcomes of spontaneous pneumothorax and identifying their predictive factors. The data collected from this study will also guide the planning of subsequent research to overcome the knowledge and service gap in managing spontaneous pneumothorax.
The goal of this study is to determine if cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a viable alternative imaging guidance modality for percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) in a community hospital-based practice, and to determine the incidence of CBCT PTNB-associated pneumothorax compared to multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) guided PTNB biopsy. The standard of care in this facility is MDCT guided PTNB biopsy. The experimental arm of this study is CBCT-guided PTNB biopsy. This prospective study will identify patients planned for PTNB. Thereafter, data on lesion characteristics, imaging findings, and clinical history will be collected. Patients will be subsequently randomly assigned to undergo biopsy using either CBCT or MDCT guidance. This study will analyze the pneumothorax incidence between groups, and assess for associations between lesion size/location, pertinent imaging findings, and clinical risk factors.