View clinical trials related to Periodontitis.
Filter by:The hypotheses tested were that levels of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) would be higher in patients with chronic periodontitis in comparison with those without periodontal disease and that the non-surgical periodontal treatment would decrease levels of CRP in patients with chronic periodontitis.
The daily removal of supragingival dental plaque is a major factor in the prevention of caries, gingivitis and periodontitis. Proper control of bacterial plaque is obtained through the mechanical removal of the biofilm by the proper use of the toothbrush and floss. However, some studies have shown that the mean time of brushing tooth surfaces is less than that required to obtain a proper cleaning 1 and only 2-10% of the patients use dental floss regularly and effectively 2. In addition, it has been demonstrated that even after education and motivation of the patient to the proper use of toothbrush and floss, its compliance is reduced with time 3. The result is the persistence of plaque in some areas, particularly on the interproximal surfaces of teeth. Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness and usefulness of antiseptic mouthwashes containing active ingredients such as chlorhexidine (CHX) and essential oils (EO) to prevent and control the formation of plaque and gingivitis, when used in addition to mechanical procedures 4-7. Chlorhexidine is still the gold standard for its antimicrobial action and high substantiveness, but side effects, such as pigmentation, taste alteration and the formation of supragingival calculus limit its continued use 8. Essential oil (EO) mouthwashes have been used for years as an adjunct to brushing in addressing oral hygiene. Their effectiveness in controlling plaque and gingivitis are well documented in literature 9-14. They kill microorganisms by destroying their cell walls and inhibiting their enzymatic activity 15,16. Furthermore, phenolic compounds like EOs are known to interfere with the inflammation process 17,18. The antibacterial action is particularly effective for the ability of the mouthwash with EOs to penetrate the biofilm 19-21. The traditional EO mouthwashes contain ethanol, a chemical used to dissolve numerous substances in mouthwashes, including CHX. The concentration of ethanol present in the mouthwash with EOs is more than 20%, sufficient to dissolve the EOs but not enough to carry out a direct antibacterial effect 22,23. Many aspects against the use of alcohol in mouthwashes, such as its effects on the surfaces of composite restorations 24 and its possible role in the formation of oropharyngeal cancer are being discussed 25,26. Although a direct correlation of the cause and effect between the occurrence of oropharyngeal cancer and the use of mouthwashes with alcohol 27, has not demonstrated so far, it is considered desirable to eliminate ethanol for use in daily mouthwash, bringing in search of new formulations. Recently, an EOs containing mouthwash without alcohol was introduced on the European market (Daycare, Curaden, Kriens, and Suisse). To our knowledge, to date there are no published data on the effectiveness of this antimicrobial product. The rinsing with this mouthwash can cause fewer side effects but, in contrast, it may be less effective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory properties of a new alcohol free EO containing mouthwash with respect to the traditional mouthwash containing 21.3% ethanol, through a standard 3-days plaque regrowth model.
Although of low prevalence, aggressive periodontitis is a rapid destructive form of periodontal disease that initiates at a young age, leading to premature loss of first molars and incisors. Little is known on the mechanisms of this disease. It is imperative to understand mechanisms of disease to establish proper treatment. We have established a controlled study in a comparable population presenting similar aggressive disease characteristics to evaluate the mechanisms of this disease. It is the goal of this study to determine immunological and microbiological mechanisms responsible for the rapid tissue destruction in children with localized aggressive periodontitis and how traditional periodontal intervention affects these mechanisms. Important knowledge gained with this proposal will aid in defining specific treatment approaches to better control disease progression and prevent disease initiation in susceptible individuals.
The main objective of this study is the prevention and repair of apical periodontitis in lower molars with pulp necrosis after the execution of endodontic treatment in one or two visits in adolescent patients. Moreover, it is also observed the frequency of postoperative pain in endodontic treatment.
The purpose of this study is to compare the Laser Assisted New Attachment Procedure (LANAP protocol) using the Free-running (FR) Pulsed Neodimium: Yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser to Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) alone, Modified Widman Flap (MFF) surgery, and Coronal Debridement (CD) alone with respect to periodontal clinical attachment level gain.
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that affects the uptake of glucose into cells. This causes a cascade of systemic alterations that may lead to kidney failure, cardiovascular complications, altered tissue healing, retinopathies and gangrene. Diabetes is also associated to increased susceptibility to infections and inflammation. It has been observed that diabetic patients suffer more often from oral infections such as periodontal disease. Periodontal disease is an infectious-inflammatory disease that leads to destruction of the surrounding tissues of the tooth. It is proposed that the mechanisms responsible for systemic complication are implicated in the development of periodontal disease. This has been evaluated in studies where diabetic patients showed increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, subgingival bacteria and limited response to treatment. Its has also been suggested that established periodontitis in the diabetic patient leads to insulin resistance due to infection and liberation of cytokines from periodontal tissues and thus worsening the diabetic condition. This study is aimed to establish the response to periodontal treatment with antibiotics and the kinetics of glucose levels in diabetic patients.
The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy and the safety of Chlorhexidine Gluconate Chip (PerioChip®) in frequent treatment versus routine treatment in therapy of adult chronic periodontitis.
The etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease results from complex interaction between infectious agents, mainly including bacteria, and host cellular and humoral immune responses. However it is thought that bacteria-induced pathogenesis is not sufficient alone to explain all biological and clinical features of the destructive periodontal disease. The main hypothesis is that herpesviruses, such as Epstein-Barr Virus, may participate as well by altering epithelial gingival cell biology and consequently may promote the initiation and progression of periodontitis.
The primary aim of the current study was to determine the association between halitosis detection (presence or absence) and periodontal status in non-smoking subjects, and also assess whether halitosis recordings were related to periodontal clinical parameters, tongue coating and quantities of two putative periodontal pathogens on the posterior region of the tongue determined by real-time PCR. Secondary, halitosis recordings were compared among subjects with chronic periodontitis, chronic generalized gingivitis and periodontal health.
Recent scientific evidence suggests that the main defence cell of the body (neutrophil) behaves in a different manner in patients with gum disease; namely how they interact with bacteria and their role in defence systems of the body. This study proposes to examine these responses in periodontitis patients and healthy controls. The proposed study will include patients undergoing periodontal (gum) treatment who will be matched to periodontally healthy controls. Blood, gingival crevicular (gum) fluid and clinical measures will be collected both pre- and post-therapy to measure differences in cell behaviour both before, and following routine therapy. Blood samples will be used to isolate peripheral blood neutrophils prior to analysis of their responses to different bacterial stimuli including oxygen radical, cytokine and extracellular trap release. Gingival Crevicular Fluid samples will be used to measure different biochemical markers that result from the production of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs). Routine clinical measures will be taken both pre- and post-therapy as a measure of treatment response. Patient volunteers undergoing treatment will be asked to donate a total of four small samples of tissue from the gums whilst they are already anaesthetised for routine treatment. These will be approximately the size of a needle head (2mm2mm) and used to examine NET formation within the tissues and related processes. This will provide novel in-vivo data regarding this recently discovered method of neutrophil defence in innate immunity. This proposal represents a novel study aimed at improving our current understanding of why inflammatory periodontitis develops in some patients but not others, as well as providing pointers to causal/noncausal relationships between periodontitis and important systemic conditions such as diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. Ultimately, novel treatment approaches and primary prevention (for periodontitis) or secondary prevention (for systemic disease) strategies may emerge.