View clinical trials related to Pathologic Processes.
Filter by:Although incentive spirometry is commonly used to avoid pulmonary complications in cardiac surgery patients, the breath-stacking technique has been proposed as an alternative to increase pulmonary volumes in the post-operative period. Objective: To compare inspiratory volume and electromyographic activity of respiratory muscles during breath stacking technique and incentive spirometry in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
The purpose of this study is to assess the pharmacokinetics of NKTR-118 in patients with impaired hepatic function versus subjects with normal hepatic function.
Numerous studies demonstrate that patients have improved immediate recovery characteristics following desflurane anesthesia compared to other volatile agents, including sevoflurane. There is limited evidence in the literature to suggest that patients undergoing sevoflurane, compared to desflurane anesthesia, may suffer from limitation in function and cognitive ability for an undetermined, but prolonged period of time following surgery. These differences are not explained pharmacokinetically and may be a result of a direct neurotoxic effect of sevoflurane. An unresolved question is the time required for the ability to return to complex tasks, such as driving, following anesthesia. Commonly, patients are advised not to drive or make important decisions for 24 hours following anesthesia, but this is not well-studied and proscribed on an empiric, rather than scientific, basis with very limited data available.This study will better define recovery characteristics and characterize the severity and duration of cognitive impairment following sevoflurane or desflurane anesthesia after brief outpatient urologic surgery in elderly females using tests of cognitive ability coupled with performance on a driving simulator and cognitive task tests to objectively measure not only testing performance, but also cognitive effort in performing these tests.
The purpose of the study is to directly compare two methods of evaluating heart function at the time of your angiogram. In both methods contrast dye is injected into the main heart chamber during the angiogram while x-ray images are taken. One method uses an automatic power injector to deliver the normal volume of contrast; the other method uses hand injection of very low volume of contrast into the main heart chamber. It is hypothesized that hand injection will prove to be an accurate method to estimate ejection fraction (EF) at the time of radial coronary angiography when compared directly to Power LV.
Neurological complications occur in open heart surgery with a frequency of 40% and they range from major neurological deficits (due to a stroke) to neurocognitive and behavioral disorders. This study aims to determine if erythromycin, a worldwide known antibiotic, protects the brain from damage when given in high doses before and during open heart surgery. The investigators consume that high dose of erythromycin will protect the brain with a pharmacological preconditioning against the global ischemia during the perioperative period of heart surgery.
The RAVE 2 trial is a phase I, open label, 12-month trial of intravitreal ranibizumab 2.0 mg in patients with ischemic CRVO who have been either previously treated with ranibizumab or treatment naïve.
Selenoenzymes play a major role in protecting cells against lipid peroxidation and they are involved in the inflammatory response regulation. The degree of selenium deficiency correlates with disease severity and the incidence of mortality in critically ill patients. The aim of our study is to evaluate, if high dosis selenium supplementation (loading dose 4000 μg, daily dosage 1000 μg) results in a significant reduction of inflammation-induced organ dysfunction and length of ICU-stay in patients after heart surgery.
The objective of this study is to characterize the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetic profiles of Optimark at the standard clinical dose of 0.1 mmol/kg in the pediatric patient population.
The purpose of this study is to determine whether KAI-9803 is safe and effective in reducing infarct size in subjects with ST elevation myocardial infarction (heart attack) undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A select number of sites will also participate in a substudy where eligible patients will undergo an additional procedure;cardiac magnetic resonance imaging.
This study will collect information about markers of inflammation, blood clotting and blood vessel function in HIV-infected adults and healthy volunteers. Biomarkers are biological indicators that have been associated with disease. Certain markers of inflammation, blood clotting, and blood vessel function have been associated with risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke and death. One marker, called D-dimer, is a breakdown product of blood clots that has been associated with serious medical conditions, including deep vein thrombosis (formation of a blood clot in a vein deep in the body) and pulmonary embolism (blockage in the pulmonary artery that occurs when a blood clot from a vein breaks away, travels to the pulmonary artery and lodges there). High D-dimer levels have also been associated with cardiovascular disease and stroke risk. In a recent study of HIV-infected patients, higher D-dimer levels were strongly correlated with risk of death from any cause. The significance of changes in D-dimer and other biomarkers in HIV-infected adults is not well understood. This study will further explore D-dimer and other biomarkers to try to better understand the relationships between them and HIV infection. Healthy volunteers and HIV-infected adults 18 years of age or older may be eligible for this study. Two visits are involved, as follows: Visit 1 (screening visit to determine eligibility) - Medical history and physical examination. - Blood tests for HIV infection, blood counts, liver and kidney function. - Pregnancy test for women who can become pregnant. Visit 2 - Blood tests for hepatitis B and C - Blood tests for markers of inflammation and blood clotting. - Blood test for genetic changes that influence blood clotting. In some cases, visits 1 and 2 may be combined. Optional additional visits (up to 8 visits over 3 years) - Additional blood draws for investigation of specific clinical or laboratory findings may be requested.