Non Motor Symptoms in Glucocerebrosidase-related Parkinson's Disease

Parkinson Disease Clinical Trial

— PROGENS-PD  

Official title:

Prospective and Controlled Glucocerebrosidase-related Parkinson's Disease Evaluation of Non Motor Symptoms (PROGENS-PD)

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Not yet recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT06451419
• Other study ID #: 5564
• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Start date: June 1, 2024
• Est. completion date: August 31, 2026

Study information

• Verified date: June 2024
• Source: Universidad Francisco de Vitoria
• Contact: Inés Muro, MD
• Phone: 915202416
• Email: ines.muro[@]salud.madrid.org
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

The goal of this observational study is to describe non motor symptoms in a prospective study of patients with Parkinson's disease associated to glucocerebrosidase (GBA-PD) mutations.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

• Do GBA-PD patients have a greater burden of non motor symptoms?

• How do these non motor symptoms evolve during a prospective follow up of two years?

• Are these non motor symptoms different from those that affect Parkinson's disease patients without glucocerebrosidase mutations (non GBA-PD), in prevalence, severity and type?

• Do these non motor symptoms correlate with objective measures such as posturography or speed reaction tests?

• Is there a test or combination of tests that can predict the appearance of early or severe non motor symptoms?

For this reason researchers will compare the GBA-PD group of patients with a group of non mutated GBA Parkinson disease.

Participants will undergo a neurological and neuropsychological evaluation with different tests in subsequent visits for a total of 2 years.

Description:

Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder worldwide. Up to date, the main risk factor for its development is carrying an heterozygous mutation in glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA). GBA codifies for a GC-ase protein that takes part in lysosomal function. The homozygous mutation of this gene gives rise to Gaucher disease, which is a lysosomal disorder. This gene has also been associated with Lewy body dementia.

The presence of an heterozygous mutation in GBA in Parkinson's disease can be found in up to 5-15% of the patients, depending on age and ethnicity. It has been described that those patients carrying the mutation can have an earlier debut of the disease.

According to non motor symptoms, patients are prone to develop earlier and more severe motor symptoms. This has been studied specially in cognitive impairment but also dysautonomia, impulse control disorder and others.

In relation to cognitive impairment these patients usually develop an earlier and more severe affection, reaching dementia states earlier in the disease. Some studies have described a worsening in cognitive function in GBA mutated patients after deep brain stimulation (DBS) to treat parkinsonian symptoms. This prevents patients from being candidates to therapies such as DBS.

For this reason, the investigators consider it important to make a proper description of non motor symptoms in GBA mutated parkinsonian patients, since this finding can help to delineate the prognosis and choose individualized treatments, regarding the suggested differences with other Parkinson's disease patients.

It is an observational prospective cohort study. Participants will be collected from a subgroup of patients that have agreed to undertake a genetic test including a panel of genes associated to Parkinson's disease.

According to the results, patients will be subdivided in two groups according to their genetic status:

• GBA heterozygous mutations

• Absence of genetic mutations

These patients will undergo neurologic evaluations, neuropsychological evaluations and self-administered evaluations. There will be no intervention.

The pharmacologic and other type of treatment assessments will be conducted during their regular follow up with their neurologist.

These visits will be repeated every 6 months for a total of 2 years. Total of 5 visits for each patient.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Enrollment: 40
• Est. completion date: August 31, 2026
• Est. primary completion date: June 30, 2026
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Aged over 18 years old.

• Fulfill Parkinson's disease criteria of Movement Disorder Society 2015.

• Parkinson's disease symptoms began before they were 70 and/or Parkinson's disease family history.

• Underwent a genetic test of Parkinson's disease related genes.

• Heterozygous mutation of glucocerebrosidase gene (only cases).

• Absence of mutation in the Parkinson's disease genetic test (only controls).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Suspicion of atypical parkinsonism.

• Personal history of other neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.

• Personal history of significant cerebrovascular damage, intracraneal lessions or important craneoencephalic trauma.

• Deep brain stimulation treatment for Parkinson's disease.

• Moderate or severe dementia that precludes from performing the tests.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Parkinson Disease

Intervention

Other:
• Tests on non motor symptoms
Neurological, neuropsychological and self-administered tests on non motor symptoms, including posturography and speed reaction times.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Spain	Hospital Universitario La Princesa	Madrid
Spain	Universidad Francisco de Vitoria	Pozuelo De Alarcón	Madrid

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Juan Pablo Romero. MD, PhD	Fundación de Investigación Biomédica - Hospital Universitario de La Princesa

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Spain, 

References & Publications (7)

Barkhuizen M, Anderson DG, Grobler AF. Advances in GBA-associated Parkinson's disease--Pathology, presentation and therapies. Neurochem Int. 2016 Feb;93:6-25. doi: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.12.004. Epub 2015 Dec 30. — View Citation

Brockmann K, Srulijes K, Pflederer S, Hauser AK, Schulte C, Maetzler W, Gasser T, Berg D. GBA-associated Parkinson's disease: reduced survival and more rapid progression in a prospective longitudinal study. Mov Disord. 2015 Mar;30(3):407-11. doi: 10.1002/ — View Citation

Leocadi M, Canu E, Donzuso G, Stojkovic T, Basaia S, Kresojevic N, Stankovic I, Sarasso E, Piramide N, Tomic A, Markovic V, Petrovic I, Stefanova E, Kostic VS, Filippi M, Agosta F. Longitudinal clinical, cognitive, and neuroanatomical changes over 5 years — View Citation

Malek N, Weil RS, Bresner C, Lawton MA, Grosset KA, Tan M, Bajaj N, Barker RA, Burn DJ, Foltynie T, Hardy J, Wood NW, Ben-Shlomo Y, Williams NW, Grosset DG, Morris HR; PRoBaND clinical consortium. Features of GBA-associated Parkinson's disease at presenta — View Citation

Ren J, Zhou G, Wang Y, Zhang R, Guo Z, Zhou H, Zheng H, Sun Y, Ma C, Lu M, Liu W. Association of GBA genotype with motor and cognitive decline in Chinese Parkinson's disease patients. Front Aging Neurosci. 2023 Feb 10;15:1091919. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1 — View Citation

Sidransky E, Nalls MA, Aasly JO, Aharon-Peretz J, Annesi G, Barbosa ER, Bar-Shira A, Berg D, Bras J, Brice A, Chen CM, Clark LN, Condroyer C, De Marco EV, Durr A, Eblan MJ, Fahn S, Farrer MJ, Fung HC, Gan-Or Z, Gasser T, Gershoni-Baruch R, Giladi N, Griff — View Citation

Swan M, Doan N, Ortega RA, Barrett M, Nichols W, Ozelius L, Soto-Valencia J, Boschung S, Deik A, Sarva H, Cabassa J, Johannes B, Raymond D, Marder K, Giladi N, Miravite J, Severt W, Sachdev R, Shanker V, Bressman S, Saunders-Pullman R. Neuropsychiatric ch — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Change in non motor symptoms scale from baseline to 2 years	To determine the non motor symptoms profile and its evolution through non motor symptoms scale in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations. 30 items with total scores from 0 to 360, higher scores meaning higher non motor symptoms burden.	2 years
Primary	Change in non motor symptoms scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the non motor symptoms profile and its evolution through non motor symptoms scale in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations. 30 items with total scores from 0 to 360, higher scores meaning higher non motor symptoms burden.	6 months
Primary	Change in non motor symptoms scale from 6 months to 1 year	To determine the non motor symptoms profile and its evolution through non motor symptoms scale in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations. 30 items with total scores from 0 to 360, higher scores meaning higher non motor symptoms burden.	6 months
Primary	Change in non motor symptoms scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the non motor symptoms profile and its evolution through non motor symptoms scale in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations. 30 items with total scores from 0 to 360, higher scores meaning higher non motor symptoms burden.	6 months
Primary	Change in non motor symptoms scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the non motor symptoms profile and its evolution through non motor symptoms scale in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations. 30 items with total scores from 0 to 360, higher scores meaning higher non motor symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale from baseline to 2 years	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Scores ranging from 0 to 30, with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Scores ranging from 0 to 30, with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Scores ranging from 0 to 30, with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale from12 months to 18 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Scores ranging from 0 to 30, with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale from18 months to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Montreal Cognitive Assessment. Scores ranging from 0 to 30, with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale, scores from 0 to 134 with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale, scores from 0 to 134 with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale, scores from 0 to 134 with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale, scores from 0 to 134 with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease cognitive rating scale, scores from 0 to 134 with lower scores meaning higher cognitive decline.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Line Orientation Judgement scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Line Orientation Judgement, scores from 0 to 30 with lower punctuation meaning higher right hemisphere disfunction.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Line Orientation Judgement scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Line Orientation Judgement, scores from 0 to 30 with lower punctuation meaning higher right hemisphere disfunction.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Line Orientation Judgement scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Line Orientation Judgement, scores from 0 to 30 with lower punctuation meaning higher right hemisphere disfunction.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Line Orientation Judgement scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Line Orientation Judgement, scores from 0 to 30 with lower punctuation meaning higher right hemisphere disfunction.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Line Orientation Judgement scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Line Orientation Judgement, scores from 0 to 30 with lower punctuation meaning higher right hemisphere disfunction.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Rey figure from baseline to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rey figure test, scoring from 0 to 72 points, meaning lower punctuations altered visuoperception and visual episodic memory.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Rey figure from baseline to 6 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rey figure test, scoring from 0 to 72 points, meaning lower punctuations altered visuoperception and visual episodic memory.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Rey figure from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rey figure test, scoring from 0 to 72 points, meaning lower punctuations altered visuoperception and visual episodic memory.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Rey figure from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rey figure test, scoring from 0 to 72 points, meaning lower punctuations altered visuoperception and visual episodic memory.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Rey figure from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rey figure test, scoring from 0 to 72 points, meaning lower punctuations altered visuoperception and visual episodic memory.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Weschler Memory test from baseline to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Weschler Memory test, scoring in relation to age with percentiles from 0 to 100, lower percentile meaning a greater memory disturbance.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Weschler Memory test from baseline to 6 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Weschler Memory test, scoring in relation to age with percentiles from 0 to 100, lower percentile meaning a greater memory disturbance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Weschler Memory test from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Weschler Memory test, scoring in relation to age with percentiles from 0 to 100, lower percentile meaning a greater memory disturbance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Weschler Memory test from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Weschler Memory test, scoring in relation to age with percentiles from 0 to 100, lower percentile meaning a greater memory disturbance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Weschler Memory test from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Weschler Memory test, scoring in relation to age with percentiles from 0 to 100, lower percentile meaning a greater memory disturbance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Stroop test from baseline to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Stroop test with T-scores from 0 to 100, higher scores reflecting better performance and less interference on reading ability.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Stroop test from baseline to 6 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Stroop test with T-scores from 0 to 100, higher scores reflecting better performance and less interference on reading ability.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Stroop test from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Stroop test with T-scores from 0 to 100, higher scores reflecting better performance and less interference on reading ability.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Stroop test from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Stroop test with T-scores from 0 to 100, higher scores reflecting better performance and less interference on reading ability.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Stroop test from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Stroop test with T-scores from 0 to 100, higher scores reflecting better performance and less interference on reading ability.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test A from baseline to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test A, with scores ranging from 0 to 100 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test B from baseline to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test B, with scores ranging from 0 to 300 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test A from baseline to 6 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test A, with scores ranging from 0 to 100 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test B from baseline to 6 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test A, with scores ranging from 0 to 100 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test A from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test B, with scores ranging from 0 to 300 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test B from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test B, with scores ranging from 0 to 300 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test A from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test A, with scores ranging from 0 to 100 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test B from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test B, with scores ranging from 0 to 300 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test A from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test A, with scores ranging from 0 to 100 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Trail Making Test B from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the cognitive profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Trail Making Test B, with scores ranging from 0 to 300 seconds, lower scores meaning better performance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders in Parkinson's disease (QUIP-RS) from baseline to 2 years	To determine impulse control disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using the Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders, scoring from 0 to 16 with lower scores meaning less impulsive-compulsive symptoms.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders in Parkinson's disease (QUIP-RS) from baseline to 6 months	To determine impulse control disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using the Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders, scoring from 0 to 16 with lower scores meaning less impulsive-compulsive symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders in Parkinson's disease (QUIP-RS) from 6 months to 12 months	To determine impulse control disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using the Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders, scoring from 0 to 16 with lower scores meaning less impulsive-compulsive symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders in Parkinson's disease (QUIP-RS) from 12 months to 18 months	To determine impulse control disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using the Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders, scoring from 0 to 16 with lower scores meaning less impulsive-compulsive symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders in Parkinson's disease (QUIP-RS) from 18 months to 24 months	To determine impulse control disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using the Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders, scoring from 0 to 16 with lower scores meaning less impulsive-compulsive symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Neuropsychiatric inventory from baseline to 2 years	To determine neuropsychiatric profile in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Neuropsychiatric inventory, scoring from 0 to 144 with higher scores meaning greater neuropsychiatric symptoms.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Neuropsychiatric inventory from baseline to 6 months	To determine neuropsychiatric profile in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Neuropsychiatric inventory, scoring from 0 to 144 with higher scores meaning greater neuropsychiatric symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Neuropsychiatric inventory from 6 months to 12 months	To determine neuropsychiatric profile in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Neuropsychiatric inventory, scoring from 0 to 144 with higher scores meaning greater neuropsychiatric symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Neuropsychiatric inventory from 12 months to 18 months	To determine neuropsychiatric profile in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Neuropsychiatric inventory, scoring from 0 to 144 with higher scores meaning greater neuropsychiatric symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Neuropsychiatric inventory from 18 months to 24 months	To determine neuropsychiatric profile in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Neuropsychiatric inventory, scoring from 0 to 144 with higher scores meaning greater neuropsychiatric symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Apathy Evaluation Scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine changes in apathy in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Apathy Evaluation Scale. The total score ranges from 18 to 72, with higher scores indicating more apathy.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Apathy Evaluation Scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine changes in apathy in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Apathy Evaluation Scale. The total score ranges from 18 to 72, with higher scores indicating more apathy.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Apathy Evaluation Scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine changes in apathy in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Apathy Evaluation Scale. The total score ranges from 18 to 72, with higher scores indicating more apathy.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Apathy Evaluation Scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine changes in apathy in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Apathy Evaluation Scale. The total score ranges from 18 to 72, with higher scores indicating more apathy.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Apathy Evaluation Scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine changes in apathy in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Apathy Evaluation Scale. The total score ranges from 18 to 72, with higher scores indicating more apathy.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Beck Depression Inventory from baseline to 24 months	To determine changes in depression in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Beck Depression Inventory with scores from 0 to 63, with higher scores meaning more depressive symptoms.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Beck Depression Inventory from baseline to 6 months	To determine changes in depression in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Beck Depression Inventory with scores from 0 to 63, with higher scores meaning more depressive symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Beck Depression Inventory from 6 months to 12 months	To determine changes in depression in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Beck Depression Inventory with scores from 0 to 63, with higher scores meaning more depressive symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Beck Depression Inventory from 12 months to 18 months	To determine changes in depression in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Beck Depression Inventory with scores from 0 to 63, with higher scores meaning more depressive symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Beck Depression Inventory from 18 months to 24 months	To determine changes in depression in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Beck Depression Inventory with scores from 0 to 63, with higher scores meaning more depressive symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Stai-trait Anxiety Inventory from baseline to 24 months	To determine changes in anxiety in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using State-trait Anxiety Inventory, scoring from 20 to 80, with higher punctuations meaning higher anxiety symptoms.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Stai-trait Anxiety Inventory from baseline to 6 months	To determine changes in anxiety in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using State-trait Anxiety Inventory, scoring from 20 to 80, with higher punctuations meaning higher anxiety symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Stai-trait Anxiety Inventory from 6 months to 12 months	To determine changes in anxiety in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using State-trait Anxiety Inventory, scoring from 20 to 80, with higher punctuations meaning higher anxiety symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Stai-trait Anxiety Inventory from 12 months to 18 months	To determine changes in anxiety in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using State-trait Anxiety Inventory, scoring from 20 to 80, with higher punctuations meaning higher anxiety symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Stai-trait Anxiety Inventory from 18 months to 24 months	To determine changes in anxiety in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using State-trait Anxiety Inventory, scoring from 20 to 80, with higher punctuations meaning higher anxiety symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease sleep scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine the sleep profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease sleep scale, with scores from 0 to 150, the highest meaning less sleep symptoms.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease sleep scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the sleep profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease sleep scale, with scores from 0 to 150, the highest meaning less sleep symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease sleep scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the sleep profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease sleep scale, with scores from 0 to 150, the highest meaning less sleep symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease sleep scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the sleep profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease sleep scale, with scores from 0 to 150, the highest meaning less sleep symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease sleep scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the sleep profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Parkinson's disease sleep scale, with scores from 0 to 150, the highest meaning less sleep symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire from baseline to 24 months	To determine the presence and symptoms of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behaviour Disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Screening Questionnaire, scoring from 0 to 13 with higher scores meaning more Rapid Eye Movement sleep problems.	2 years
Secondary	Change in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire from baseline to 6 months	To determine the presence and symptoms of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behaviour Disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Screening Questionnaire, scoring from 0 to 13 with higher scores meaning more Rapid Eye Movement sleep problems.	6 months
Secondary	Change in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire from to 6 months to 12 months	To determine the presence and symptoms of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behaviour Disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Screening Questionnaire, scoring from 0 to 13 with higher scores meaning more Rapid Eye Movement sleep problems.	6 months
Secondary	Change in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire from to 12 months to 18 months	To determine the presence and symptoms of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behaviour Disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Screening Questionnaire, scoring from 0 to 13 with higher scores meaning more Rapid Eye Movement sleep problems.	6 months
Secondary	Change in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire from to 18 months to 24 months	To determine the presence and symptoms of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behaviour Disorder in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Screening Questionnaire, scoring from 0 to 13 with higher scores meaning more Rapid Eye Movement sleep problems.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine the presence and severity of somnolence in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Epworth Sleepiness Scale, scoring from 0 to 24, with higher scores meaning higher sleeppiness.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the presence and severity of somnolence in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Epworth Sleepiness Scale, scoring from 0 to 24, with higher scores meaning higher sleeppiness.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the presence and severity of somnolence in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Epworth Sleepiness Scale, scoring from 0 to 24, with higher scores meaning higher sleeppiness.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the presence and severity of somnolence in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Epworth Sleepiness Scale, scoring from 0 to 24, with higher scores meaning higher sleeppiness.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the presence and severity of somnolence in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Epworth Sleepiness Scale, scoring from 0 to 24, with higher scores meaning higher sleeppiness.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine the presence and severity of restless leg syndrome in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale, scoring from 0 to 40 with higher scores meaning greater restless legs syndrome symptoms.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the presence and severity of restless leg syndrome in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale, scoring from 0 to 40 with higher scores meaning greater restless legs syndrome symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the presence and severity of restless leg syndrome in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale, scoring from 0 to 40 with higher scores meaning greater restless legs syndrome symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the presence and severity of restless leg syndrome in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale, scoring from 0 to 40 with higher scores meaning greater restless legs syndrome symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the presence and severity of restless leg syndrome in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale, scoring from 0 to 40 with higher scores meaning greater restless legs syndrome symptoms.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Berg balance scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Berg Balance scale with ranges from 0 to 56. The lower score, the more at risk you of losing balance.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Berg balance scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Berg Balance scale with ranges from 0 to 56. The lower score, the more at risk you of losing balance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Berg balance scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Berg Balance scale with ranges from 0 to 56. The lower score, the more at risk you of losing balance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Berg balance scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Berg Balance scale with ranges from 0 to 56. The lower score, the more at risk you of losing balance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Berg balance scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using Berg Balance scale with ranges from 0 to 56. The lower score, the more at risk you of losing balance.	6 months
Secondary	Change in limits of stability from baseline to 24 months	To determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using % of performance regarding normalized limits of stability for reference sample, with values between 0-100%	2 years
Secondary	Change in limits of stability from baseline to 6 months	To determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using % of performance regarding normalized limits of stability for reference sample, with values between 0-100%	6 months
Secondary	Change in limits of stability from 6 months to 12 months	TTo determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using % of performance regarding normalized limits of stability for reference sample, with values between 0-100%	6 months
Secondary	Change in limits of stability from 12 months to 18 months	To determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using % of performance regarding normalized limits of stability for reference sample, with values between 0-100%	6 months
Secondary	Change in limits of stability from 18 months to 24 months	To determine changes in balance in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using % of performance regarding normalized limits of stability for reference sample, with values between 0-100%	6 months
Secondary	Change in speed reaction test from baseline to 24 months	To determine changes in speed reaction in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using speed reaction tests measuring the time until response in seconds, with scores from 0 with no maximum value.	2 years
Secondary	Change in speed reaction test from baseline to 6 months	TTo determine changes in speed reaction in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using speed reaction tests measuring the time until response in seconds, with scores from 0 with no maximum value.	6 months
Secondary	Change in speed reaction test from 6 months to 12 months	To determine changes in speed reaction in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using speed reaction tests measuring the time until response in seconds, with scores from 0 with no maximum value.	6 months
Secondary	Change in speed reaction test from 12 months to 18 months	To determine changes in speed reaction in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using speed reaction tests measuring the time until response in seconds, with scores from 0 with no maximum value.	6 months
Secondary	Change in speed reaction test from 18 months to 24 months	To determine changes in speed reaction in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations, by using speed reaction tests measuring the time until response in seconds, with scores from 0 with no maximum value.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II, scoring from 0 to 52, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II from baseline to 6 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II, scoring from 0 to 52, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II, scoring from 0 to 52, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II, scoring from 0 to 52, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II, scoring from 0 to 52, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, scoring from 0 to 132, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, scoring from 0 to 132, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, scoring from 0 to 132, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, scoring from 0 to 132, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part III, scoring from 0 to 132, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV, scoring from 0 to 24, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV, scoring from 0 to 24, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV, scoring from 0 to 24, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale pary IV scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV, scoring from 0 to 24, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Movement Disorder's Society- Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IV, scoring from 0 to 24, higher scores meaning a greater Parkinson's symptoms burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Hoehn and Yahr scale from baseline to 24 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Hoehn and Yahr scale, scores from 1-5, with lower scores meaning a lower motor symptom burden.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Hoehn and Yahr scale from baseline to 6 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Hoehn and Yahr scale, scores from 1-5, with lower scores meaning a lower motor symptom burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Hoehn and Yahr scale from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Hoehn and Yahr scale, scores from 1-5, with lower scores meaning a lower motor symptom burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Hoehn and Yahr scale from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Hoehn and Yahr scale, scores from 1-5, with lower scores meaning a lower motor symptom burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Hoehn and Yahr scale from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the motor profile of glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Hoehn and Yahr scale, scores from 1-5, with lower scores meaning a lower motor symptom burden.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39 from baseline to 24 months	To determine the repercusion of Parkinson's disease in daily activies in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39, scores from 0 to 100 with higher scores meaning greater repercussion in daily activities.	2 years
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39 from baseline to 6 months	To determine the repercusion of Parkinson's disease in daily activies in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39, scores from 0 to 100 with higher scores meaning greater repercussion in daily activities.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39 from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the repercusion of Parkinson's disease in daily activies in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39, scores from 0 to 100 with higher scores meaning greater repercussion in daily activities.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39 from 12 months to 18 months	To determine the repercusion of Parkinson's disease in daily activies in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39, scores from 0 to 100 with higher scores meaning greater repercussion in daily activities.	6 months
Secondary	Change in Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39 from 18 months to 24 months	To determine the repercusion of Parkinson's disease in daily activies in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations by using Parkinson's disease Questionnaire-39, scores from 0 to 100 with higher scores meaning greater repercussion in daily activities.	6 months
Secondary	Change in number of Parkinson's disease treatments from baseline to 24 months	To determine the changes in number of Parkinsons disease drugs during the course of the disease in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations.	2 years
Secondary	Change in number of Parkinson's disease treatments from baseline to 6 months	To determine the changes in number of Parkinsons disease drugs during the course of the disease in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations.	6 months
Secondary	Change in number of Parkinson's disease treatments from 6 months to 12 months	To determine the changes in number of Parkinsons disease drugs during the course of the disease in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations.	6 months
Secondary	Change in number of Parkinson's disease treatments from 12 to 18 months	To determine the changes in number of Parkinsons disease drugs during the course of the disease in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations.	6 months
Secondary	Change in number of Parkinson's disease treatments from 18 to 24 months	To determine the changes in number of Parkinsons disease drugs during the course of the disease in glucocerebrosidase mutated Parkinson's disease in comparison with those without mutations.	6 months