Role of Nasal Dysbiosis in Parkinson Disease

Parkinson Disease Clinical Trial

— SMELLPARK  

Official title:

Role of Nasal Dysbiosis in Parkinson Disease

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04249245
• Other study ID #: 2019-030
• Status: Recruiting
• Start date: February 14, 2020
• Est. completion date: April 30, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: May 2023
• Source: Institut Pasteur
• Contact: Annie LANNUZEL, MD, PhD
• Phone: + 33 (0) 5 90 89 14 30
• Email: annie.lannuzel[@]chu-guadeloupe.fr
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

Olfactory dysfunction is frequent in Parkinson Disease (PD) and may be present years before the motor symptoms appear. The early olfactory dysfunction could result from environmental factors acting through the nasal cavity such as microbial communities. In across-sectional bicentric study, groups of 160 PD patients and 160 controls will be compared for nasal microbiota composition according to their geographical origin. We will search an association between microbiota and the presence of an olfactory deficit, cognitive deficit and thymic disorder.

Description:

Olfactory dysfunction is frequent in Parkinson Disease (PD) and may be present years before the motor symptoms appear. The early olfactory dysfunction could result from environmental factors acting through the nasal cavity such as microbial communities. Local inflammation induced by a nasal bacterial dysbiosis (microbiota imbalance) could lead to early neuronal dysfunctions in the olfactory system propagating in all the brain, thus inducing motor, cognitive and emotional manifestations in PD, in keeping with the Braak's stage hypothesis. We propose a translational project aiming at investigating the potential influence of nasal dysbiosis in PD pathogenesis. First, we will analyze both olfaction and nasal microbiota in a large series of PD patients and test the link between olfactory deficits and nasal dysbiosis. Then, we will take advantage of studying two populations of subjects with a very different environmental exposure (in mainland France and French West Indies) to isolate the abnormalities of the nasal microbiota that could be specific for PD. The study will be performed in 160 patients and 160 healthy volunteers. Patients will be enrolled in two investigators sites of which different environmental exposure: 1) Guadeloupe Hospital, French West Indies and 2) Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital, Paris, France. The patient selection will be conducted in consultation with the physician and it will be proposed to the spouse to participate as controls. The study subjects will be enrolled after collecting their informed consent.

As soon as the study subjects are included, the following measurements will be done at once at the inclusion:

• Neurological assessment: Idiopathic PD. Severity of the disease will be evaluated using the Hoehn and Yahr staging. Non-motor manifestations of the disease will be assessed using the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS). Severity of REM behavior disorder will be evaluated using the Innsbruck REM sleep behaviour disorder inventory .

• Olfactory function: Olfactory performance will be measured using (a) the Sniffin' Stick test battery (Burghardt, Wedel, Germany) following a standardized procedure and (b) a discrimination test of odorant mixtures developed by the Research Unit.

• Global cognitive performance and executive functions: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) will be used to assess global cognitive performance. Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) will be used to detect executive dysfunction.

• Memory: The delayed paragraph recall index from the Wechsler Memory Scale IV-Revised will be employed as a valid, sensitive measure of verbal declarative memory and a surrogate marker of hippocampal function.

• Mood disorders: Two self-questionnaires will be used: the Snaith-Hamilton pleasure scale to assess anhedonia severity, and the Quick inventory of depressive symptomatology-self-rated for depression intensity evaluation. Two clinician rating tests for depression severity will also be used: the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17 and the MINI.

Sampling of human microbiota will be performed at the end. Subjects will undergo nasal brushing from anterior nares after local epinephrine application with a sterile flocked swab inserted and gently rolled around the inside of both nostrils. Swabs (one per nostril) will be placed on ice immediately after collection and then frozen at -80°C before shipment to the Research Unit (Institut Pasteur) where analyses will be carried out:

• Immunohistochemistry analysis: The levels of Neuroinflammation and aSyn proteins will be analyzed in the nasal tissue samples.

• Microbiome analysis: Microbial composition will be determined by metagenomic (pan-bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequencing).

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 320
• Est. completion date: April 30, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: April 30, 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: Accepts Healthy Volunteers
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

Patients (PD)

• Age > 18 years

• Idiopathic PD

• In Guadeloupe (N=80) : living for more than 15 years in Caribbean, including the 5 first years.

• In Paris (N=80): living for more than 15 years in mainland France, including the 5 first years.

Controls

• Age > 18 years

• Spouse of enrolled PD patient or matched controls, with age difference between spouses <5 years. When the spouse cannot be included, a matched control respecting the PD group's final sex ratio and with an age difference <5 years relative to the concerned PD case will be enrolled.

Exclusion Criteria (both PD patients and controls)

• Presence of a cold or acute pathology which could explain an original olfactory disorder other than Parkinson's disease

• Use of nasal antiseptics within the last 3 months

• Refusal of or contraindication to nasal microbiota sampling

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Dysbiosis
• Parkinson Disease

Intervention

Other:
• Nasal Swab
All

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
France	Pitie-Salpetriere Hospital	Paris
Guadeloupe	Centre Hospitalier Universitaire	Pointe-à-Pitre

Sponsors (1)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Institut Pasteur

Countries where clinical trial is conducted

France,  Guadeloupe, 

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Bacterial composition of the nasal swab samples based on 16S sequencing of DNA	The operational taxonomic units (OTU) will be constructed and comparison between groups will be performed.	3 years
Secondary	Epidemiological characteristics of patients PD	Demographic variables (locations of residence and types of housing), risk factors (activities, diet, history family).	3 years
Secondary	Olfactory function	Olfactory performance will be measured using the Sniffin' Stick test battery (Burghardt, Wedel, Germany) following a standardized procedure and a discrimination test of odorant mixtures developed by the Research Unit	3 years
Secondary	Neurological assessment: Idiopathic PD - Hoehn and Yahr staging.	Severity of the disease will be evaluated using the Hoehn and Yahr staging.	3 years
Secondary	Neurological assessment: Idiopathic PD - Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS)	Severity of non-motor manifestations of the disease will be assessed using the Non-Motor Symptoms Scale (NMSS).	3 years
Secondary	Neurological assessment: Idiopathic PD - the Innsbruck REM sleep behaviour disorder inventory	Severity of REM behavior disorder will be evaluated using the Innsbruck REM sleep behaviour disorder inventory .	3 years
Secondary	Global cognitive performance - MoCA	The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) will be used to assess global cognitive performance.	3 years
Secondary	Executive functions	Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) will be used to detect executive dysfunction.	3 years
Secondary	Memory Function	The delayed paragraph recall index from the Wechsler Memory Scale IV-Revised will be employed as a valid, sensitive measure of verbal declarative memory and a surrogate marker of hippocampal function.	3 years
Secondary	Mood disorders - the Snaith-Hamilton pleasure scale	The Snaith-Hamilton pleasure scale (self-questionnaire) will be used to assess anhedonia severity,	3 years
Secondary	Mood disorders - the Quick inventory of depressive symptomatology-self-rated	The Quick inventory of depressive symptomatology-self-rated will be used for depression intensity evaluation.	3 years
Secondary	Mood disorders - the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17	The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale 17, a clinician rating test, will also be used to assess depression severity.	3 years
Secondary	Mood disorders - the MINI	The MINI, a clinician rating test, will also be used to assess depression severity.	3 years