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Clinical Trial Details — Status: Completed

Administrative data

NCT number NCT05771285
Other study ID # Cold App
Secondary ID
Status Completed
Phase N/A
First received
Last updated
Start date January 2017
Est. completion date June 2017

Study information

Verified date March 2023
Source Yuksek Ihtisas University
Contact n/a
Is FDA regulated No
Health authority
Study type Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the effect of cold application at different periods of time on the occurrence of bruising, haematoma and pain in the subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) injected patients.


Description:

The study was a single-blind randomised control trial. Patients were allocated randomly to three groups: (i) Cold was applied for two minutes before the injection in the first group (n=26); (ii) Cold was applied for 5 min before the injection in the second group (n=26); and (iii) control group (n=26). All participating patients were injected 40 mg enoxaparin sodium in 0.4 ml in the pre-filled syringes using standard LMWH injection protocol. Post-injection VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) assessment and assessment of the presence and size of bruise and haematoma were conducted at 48th and 72nd hours after the injections for all groups.


Recruitment information / eligibility

Status Completed
Enrollment 78
Est. completion date June 2017
Est. primary completion date May 2017
Accepts healthy volunteers Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Gender All
Age group 18 Years and older
Eligibility Inclusion Criteria: - to receive LMWH (pre-filled syringe containing 40 mg enoxaparin sodium in 0.4 ml) treatment at least once a day - not to have any visual or auditory disorders - not to have any foreknown coagulation disorders - to have platelet, PTT and international normalized ratio (INR) values within the normal limits for beginning enoxaparin sodium injections - not to have any hematologic disorders or any bruising or injuries at the abdominal wall - to receive no injections at the abdominal site, other than the enoxaparin sodium during the research protocol - to will to participate in this study Exclusion Criteria: - to be pregnant - have bleeding in the injection site - have pain at any site of their body prior to the injection - have any incision, drain, scar tissue, lipodystrophy or infection symptoms at the abdominal site which hinder the application of injection - not to will to participate in this study

Study Design


Related Conditions & MeSH terms


Intervention

Other:
Cold application
To evaluate the effect of cold application applied before subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin injection on post-injection pain, ecchymosis and hematoma formation.

Locations

Country Name City State
n/a

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor Collaborator
Yuksek Ihtisas University Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

Outcome

Type Measure Description Time frame Safety issue
Primary Compare of the bruise occurrence change at 48th and 72nd hours after the heparin injection. It was evaluated whether bruise occurred 2 times at 48th and 72nd hours after heparin injection. after 48th and 72nd hours from injection
Primary Compare of the bruise sizes change of the patients at 48th and 72nd hours. If bruise developed after heparin injection, its size was measured 2 times at 48th and 72nd hours and recorded. after 48th and 72nd hours from injection
Primary Compare of the Visual Analogue Scale pain scores of the patients The level of pain felt after the heparin injection administration was measured with the visual analogue scale. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to measure the extent of pain during the injection. VAS is widely used to measure the clinical symptoms such as pain, panic, depression, and fatigue. VAS consists of 100 mm on a horizontal line. On the scale "0" means no pain and "100" shows severe pain. The patients were asked to mark the extent of pain they had immediately after the subcutaneous injection on the scale with 'X'. The distance from "no pain" to the place that the patient has marked quantitatively represents the pain of the patient. after 1 minute from injection administration
Secondary Occurrence of haematoma at 48th and 72nd hours after the heparin injection. Changes in hematoma formation were evaluated at 48 and 72 hours after heparin injection. after 48th and 72nd hours from injection
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