Oxidative Stress Clinical Trial
Official title:
Modifications to Phase Angle After Resistance Training Are Associated With Changes in Body Composition, Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Older Women
The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) on phase angle (PhA), body composition, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, in older women and to evaluate whether RT induced adaptations on body composition, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers are related to healthy adaptations in PhA.
The investigation was carried out over a period of 16 weeks, with 12 weeks dedicated to the
RT program and 4 weeks allocated for measurements. Anthropometric, body composition, and
blood samples measurements were performed at weeks 1-2, and 15-16. A supervised progressive
RT was performed between weeks 3-14. The CG did not perform any type of physical exercise
during this period.
Recruitment was carried out through newspaper and radio advertisings, and home delivery of
leaflets in the central area and residential neighborhoods. All participants completed
health history and physical activity questionnaires and met the following inclusion
criteria: 60 years old or more, physically independent, free from cardiac or orthopedic
dysfunction, not receiving hormonal replacement therapy, and not performing any regular
physical exercise more than once a week over the six months preceding the beginning of the
investigation. After individual interviews, 59 volunteers were dismissed as potential
candidates because they did not meet the inclusion criteria for the investigation. The
remaining 51 older women were randomly divided into one of two groups: a training group that
performed the RT program or a control group that did not perform any type of physical
exercise. Anthropometric, body composition (DXA), phase angle, total body water (intra and
extracellular water compartments; Xitron 4200 Bioimpedance Spectrum Analyzer), muscular
strength (1RM), and blood sample measurements were performed pre- and post-training. Two-way
analysis of variance for repeated measures was applied for intra- and inter-group
comparisons. When an F-ratio was significant, Fisher's post hoc test was employed to
identify mean differences. The statistical power was determined to verify the statistical
power of the analysis. Pearson's correlation was used to evaluate the correlation between
delta percent changes in body composition, and muscular strength, inflammatory and oxidative
stress biomarkers (independent variables) with the percentage change in PhA (dependent
variables). Subsequently, linear regression (bivariate analyses) was performed for all
variables that presented P<0.05 in the Pearson's correlation analyses. For the multiple
comparison the multivariate regression model was performed. For all statistical analyses,
significance was accepted at P<0.05.
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