View clinical trials related to Overweight.
Filter by:The risk of type 2 diabetes appears to be higher in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases, including chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a group of inflammatory diseases that includes mainly Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Although the majority of IBD patients are not overweight, the prevalence of obesity in this population remains significant, estimated at 15 to 40%. It has been shown that obesity can impact the response to therapies used in IBD as well as the clinical course of the disease: 1) plasma concentrations of immunomodulatory therapies are often lower in the obese compared to those with a normal Body Mass Index (BMI) with a lower dose per kg of the administered drug as well as an acceleration of drug clearance. 2nd) Surgical management of IBD is associated with a higher risk of peri- and post-operative complications in obese patients, including an increase in operating time, bleeding risk, length of hospital stay and percentage of post-operative infections. 3e) Finally, obesity seems to have a negative impact on the clinical course of IBD, with a correlation between an increase in BMI and an increase in the number of hospitalizations, the number of follow-up consultations and the need for therapeutic escalation. One of the common pathophysiological explanations between IBD and metabolic syndrome (including type 2 diabetes and obesity), would involve metabolites in the gut that are modulated by the gut microbiota. Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (aGLP1) analogues are a new class of injectable antidiabetic drugs that have revolutionized the management of type 2 diabetes. They include exenatide, lixisenatide, liraglutide, dulaglutide and semaglutide. They combine an effect on glycemic control but also usually a weight loss. In some countries, they are used in non-diabetic obese patients, with a weight loss of up to -10 to -15%. These molecules bind to GLP1 receptors, stimulate insulin secretion when blood glucose levels are high, decrease glucagon secretion, slow gastric emptying and stimulate satiety. In addition to glycemic control, weight reduction is most often associated. In addition, some aGLP1s have been shown to reduce cardiovascular events in diabetics. They are well tolerated, but their side effects are mainly digestive, such as nausea, vomiting and sometimes diarrhea. These problems occur in about 20% of cases, most often after the first injection, with vomiting requiring permanent cessation of treatment. Most often they gradually subside, spontaneously or after symptomatic treatment, and allow titration of the drug. Due to the lack of studies and possible intestinal effects, aGLP1 is not recommended in cases of severe gastrointestinal disease, and therefore in cases of IBD, although it is not contraindicated. The main objective of this study is to test the interest of these GLP1 analogues in type 2 diabetics with IBD, who are overweight and whose glycemic target is not reached. The expected benefit is to facilitate diabetes control and weight loss in this population. The second objective is to monitor the occurrence of adverse events in this population with the different GLP1 analogues used.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is with 25% the most prevalent liver disorder in Western society and is associated with overweight, obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). NAFLD is defined by a hepatic fat accumulation of more than 5% in the absence of classical causes of steatogenesis (e.g. alcohol and steatogenic drugs). It represents a broad spectrum of clinical entities from steatosis to advanced liver disease with hepatic failure. Most of the patients have simple steatosis, however in about 15-30% non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) develops, which leads to an overall increase in morbidity and mortality due to the progression to fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Patients with NAFLD have no or few, mainly specific symptoms; and generally there is a silent progression of simple steatosis to NASH and in the end liver-related morbidity and mortality. Despite the clinical importance and the potential impact on healthcare resources, the majority of NAFLD patients are currently not detected due to the lack of non-invasive methods to diagnose NAFLD. To date, the prevalance of NAFLD in Turkey among subjects at risk, and its relation to common comorbidities such as obesity, T2DM and CVD is not clear. Therefore, identification of NAFLD patients in this cohort will give information on the prevalence in the group of uncomplicated overweight and obesity and those with concomitant cardiometabolic diseases. By early detecting these patients at risk to develop progressive liver diseases and extrahepatic manifestations, it will be possible to intervene and improve health. Within this context, this study aims to detect prevalence of NAFLD among risk groups. Also, the risk factors related to NAFLD etiology and progression, such as overweight, obesity, T2DM, CVD, diet and physical activity will be studied to have a better understanding of their presumed causal relationship with NAFLD.
Strategies to reduce sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) have become one of the leading public health targets to address the epidemics of obesity and diabetes. National food, nutrition, and health policies and programs have positioned low-fat milk as the preferred caloric replacement strategy for SSBs. This strategy derives from evidence that replacement of SSBs with low-fat milk is associated with reductions in weight and incident diabetes in prospective cohort studies and reduces liver fat (an important early metabolic lesion linking obesity to diabetes), as well as triglycerides and blood pressure in randomized trials. Whether these benefits hold for soy milk alternatives is unclear. There is an urgent need for studies to clarify the benefits of soy milk as an alternative to cow's milk. Our overarching aim is to produce high-quality clinical evidence that informs the use of soy as a "public health intervention" for addressing the dual epidemics of obesity and diabetes and overall metabolic health. To achieve this aim, we propose to conduct the Soy Treatment Evaluation for Metabolic health (STEM) trial, a large, pragmatic, randomized controlled trial to assess the effect of using 2% soy milk (soy protein vehicle) versus 2% cow's milk (casein and whey vehicle matched for protein and volume) as a "public health intervention" to replace SSBs on liver fat and key cardiometabolic mediators/indicators in an at risk population.
The purpose of this study is to examine if a weight loss program designed for adults after knee replacement improves weight loss, physical activity, pain, and function, as well as if the program is cost effective, as compared to a chronic disease self-management program.
Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide of β-1,4-linked glucosamine residues deriving from chitin, a dietary fiber primarily obtained from fungal cell walls and the exoskeletons of various crustaceans (e.g. crab, lobster, and shrimp) and whose cholesterol-lowering properties are due to the hydrophobic bonds it forms with cholesterol and other sterols, interfering with the emulsification process in the intestine. In addition to reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, several studies showed that chitosan administration may help reduce body weight. For this reason, its use might be particularly useful as a strategy to simultaneously control two different risk factors for the development of CVDs.
Adults attempting weight loss through lifestyle modification (LM) typically find maintenance of behavior change difficult. Outcomes might be improved if participants are provided with sustained sources of accountability and support and ongoing opportunities to reflect with others on goal progress. This study proposes that sharing digital data with other parties has the potential to improve long-term weight loss. The proposed study will enroll adults ("index participants") (N = 320) with overweight/obesity in a 24-month LM program and instruct them to use digital tools for self-monitoring of weight, physical activity, and eating on a daily basis.
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of a food supplement containing extracts of carrot and rose hip seeds on the weight of volunteers with overweight or moderate obesity.
The goal of the study is to examine long term sustained weight loss digital intervention in a diverse cohort of adults with overweight/obesity. The intervention includes social gaming (using game-like elements in nongame contexts to promote supportive social interactions and openness to positive behavioral influences) to reward behaviors, such as self-monitoring and social support. Investigators will accomplish objectives and test hypotheses by following two specific primary aims: 1. Determine if the intervention plus gaming produces significantly more weight loss at 12 months than the same intervention without gaming among 240 adults with overweight or obesity and ≥3 T2DM risk factors. 2. Examine the differences in social support provision and receipt between groups at 12 months.
Variability of physical assessments in an older population that is overweight or obese.
The pilot study will be a one group open-label treatment program and will be used to refine a parent-based behavioral treatment enhanced with executive-function training (PBT-EF) for children with comorbid overweight or obesity and Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).