Developing a Test for the Detection of Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian Neoplasms Clinical Trial

Official title:

Ovarian Cancer Detection by Uterine Lavage DNA and Serum Proteins: a Phase 2 Biomarker Study

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04794322
• Other study ID #: 20-450
• Secondary ID: 5U01CA152990
• Status: Recruiting
• Start date: April 13, 2020
• Est. completion date: March 2025

Study information

• Verified date: April 2022
• Source: Massachusetts General Hospital
• Contact: Jackie Dahlgren
• Phone: 206 667 3438
• Email: jdahlgre[@]fredhutch.org
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Observational

Clinical Trial Summary

The study aims to develop a test for early detection of ovarian cancer using DNA from a growth involving the ovary found in a washing of the uterus (womb), and proteins found in the blood. The samples of the wash and the blood will be taken before surgery. After surgery, doctors will determine whether the participant had ovarian cancer or a benign disease of the ovaries. The tests of the washings and the blood will be examined to see how much the participants with ovarian cancer can be separated from the participants with a benign ovarian disease by the tests. Small amounts from the washing and the blood samples will be sent to four sites for analysis.

Statistical analyses of these data will compare tumor DNA found in the washing of the uterus with proteins in the blood to detect cases of ovarian cancer. The primary goal is to find tests that are mostly positive for cases of ovarian cancer and mostly negative for patients with benign disease. It is hoped that if the tests work for participants with symptoms of the disease that these tests will also work when testing women who have no symptoms. A new study would be needed to see if the tests worked in this situation. If the tests work, this could lead to increasing the number of cases detected in early stage disease and decreasing the number of cases detected in late stage disease. If this change in late stage is large, it will likely reduce deaths due to ovarian cancer.

Description:

The study aims to elucidate the relative contributions to detection of ovarian cancer from tumor DNA in uterine lavage (UL) and protein biomarkers from blood using newly available detection and sample collection technologies. In this document, the term "ovarian cancer" includes fallopian tube cancer. In the first cohort, the study will enroll 200 participants. Enrolling participants prior to surgical diagnosis (e.g. laparoscopy or paracentesis) ensures the study will be "Prospective Collection of Samples, Blinded Evaluation" (PRoBE) compliant. The expectation is that ~50 of these participants will have pathologically confirmed ovarian cancer. In a second cohort, 50 participants will be enrolled. Based on published reports, it is expected that ~5 participants will have microscopic or low volume ovarian cancer. In each cohort, the participants with a pathologic invasive epithelial ovarian cancer diagnosis will be defined as Cases and participants without any ovarian cancer, primary peritoneal cancer (PPC), or other cancer identified due to the surgery, will be defined as Controls. Other cancer groups are: (i) PPC, (ii) non-invasive serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) lesions, (iii) non-epithelial ovarian cancers, and (iv) non-ovarian cancers.

Two sites will sequence DNA obtained from uterine lavages to detect tumor-derived DNA (tDNA):

one will carry out Duplex Sequencing of TP53 and the second site will carry out Haloplex sequencing of an 18-gene panel. Two other sites will assay serum proteins: the first will use clinical grade assays for CA125 and HE4, and the second will use research grade assays for these two proteins plus four additional protein biomarker candidates. Statistical analyses of these data will evaluate the relative utility of tDNA and plasma proteins to detect Cases (sensitivity) while limiting detection of Controls (specificity) in these two cohorts. Remaining DNA from UL and blood based biospecimens in form of plasma, serum, and buffy coat will be stored at a biorepository at NCI Frederick for future biomarker investigations which include (but are not limited to) other methods of detecting tDNA from UL, tDNA from plasma, exosomal markers, and additional blood-based and UL biomarker candidates.

Primary objectives:

1. To collect samples from 200 participants with suspected ovarian cancer (of which ~50 or more are expected to have pathologically confirmed ovarian cancer) and 50 participants undergoing a risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (of which ~5 are expected to have microscopic or low volume ovarian cancer).

2. To test the tDNA from uterine lavage samples for tumor-derived TP53 mutations, using Duplex sequencing, and for potential abnormalities in an 18-gene panel, using Haloplex sequencing

3. To test the serum proteins with two assays: the first will use clinical grade assays for CA125 and HE4, and the second will use research grade assays for these two proteins plus four additional protein biomarker candidates.

Outline: Participants undergo two blood draws (one required, one optional) up to 31 days before surgery and a uterine lavage at the time of planned surgery. The tDNA and serum proteins are then extracted from the samples and sent for analysis.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Recruiting
• Enrollment: 250
• Est. completion date: March 2025
• Est. primary completion date: March 2023
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: Female
• Age group: 30 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Has intact uterus (no history of uterine ablation, tubal ligation or bilateral salpingectomy)

• Cohort 1 (n=200 participants): Women scheduled for surgery or diagnostic laparoscopy for suspected but undiagnosed ovarian/fallopian tube cancer

• Cohort 2 (n=50 participants): Known BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carrier scheduled for risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Current tissue or cytology diagnostic procedure positive for ovary cancer or any cancer

• Inability to provide informed consent

• Age less than 30 years

• Inability to obtain the minimum amount of blood

• Inability to obtain the minimum amount of uterine lavage sample

• At risk if blood were drawn (e.g. hemophilia, serious anemia- Hb less than 8.0 gm/dL)

• Prior history of known ovarian or endometrial cancer

• Treatment less than 1 year (excluding hormonal therapy) for cancer that spread beyond its origin

• History of untreated high-grade cervical dysplasia (CIN3)

• History of treated high grade cervical dysplasia (CIN3) with a cytologically abnormal pap smear within the past year. If there is no post treatment Pap smear in the medical record, perform a Pap smear prior to the day of surgery. If this Pap smear is abnormal, the participant is ineligible.

• Currently pregnant

• Known Lynch syndrome

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Carcinoma
• Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial
• Fallopian Tube Neoplasms
• High Grade Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma
• Neoplasms
• Ovarian Epithelial Carcinoma
• Ovarian Neoplasms
• Stage I Ovarian Cancer
• Stage II Ovarian Cancer
• Stage III Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8
• Stage IIIA Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8
• Stage IIIA1 Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8
• Stage IIIA2 Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8
• Stage IIIB Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8
• Stage IIIC Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8
• Stage IV Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8
• Stage IVA Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8
• Stage IVB Ovarian Cancer AJCC v8

Intervention

Diagnostic Test:
• Uterine lavage, or a wash of the womb
Uterine lavage is performed during surgery using a flexible, 3-way balloon tipped catheter. The catheter is inserted through the cervix, the balloon expanded and the uterine cavity lavaged using 10 cc of sterile saline which is collected, processed and stored for later analysis.
• Blood sample
Participants undergo two blood draws (one required, one optional) up to 31 days before surgery
• Pap smear
Participants undergo a standard Papanicolaou smear to collect cells and fluid from the cervix.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
United States	Anne Arundel Health System	Annapolis	Maryland
United States	Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine	Baltimore	Maryland
United States	Massachusetts General Hospital	Boston	Massachusetts
United States	University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences	Little Rock	Arkansas
United States	Kaiser Permanente - San Francisco	San Francisco	California
United States	The Swedish Hospital	Seattle	Washington

Sponsors (11)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Massachusetts General Hospital	Anne Arundel Health System Research Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Kaiser Permanente, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, McGill University, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Swedish Medical Center, TwinStrand Biosciences, University of Arkansas

Country where clinical trial is conducted

United States, 

References & Publications (13)

Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Integrated genomic analyses of ovarian carcinoma. Nature. 2011 Jun 29;474(7353):609-15. doi: 10.1038/nature10166. Erratum in: Nature. 2012 Oct 11;490(7419):298. — View Citation

Gilbert L, Basso O, Sampalis J, Karp I, Martins C, Feng J, Piedimonte S, Quintal L, Ramanakumar AV, Takefman J, Grigorie MS, Artho G, Krishnamurthy S; DOvE Study Group. Assessment of symptomatic women for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer: results from the prospective DOvE pilot project. Lancet Oncol. 2012 Mar;13(3):285-91. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70333-3. Epub 2012 Jan 17. — View Citation

Gilbert L, Revil T, Meunier C, Jardon K, Zeng X, Martins C, Arseneau J, Fu L, North K, Schiavi A, Ehrensperger E, Artho G, Lee T, Morris D, Ragoussis J. The empress of subterfuge: cancer of the fallopian tube presenting with malapropism. Lancet. 2017 Sep 2;390(10098):1003-1004. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31586-6. — View Citation

Jacobs IJ, Menon U, Ryan A, Gentry-Maharaj A, Burnell M, Kalsi JK, Amso NN, Apostolidou S, Benjamin E, Cruickshank D, Crump DN, Davies SK, Dawnay A, Dobbs S, Fletcher G, Ford J, Godfrey K, Gunu R, Habib M, Hallett R, Herod J, Jenkins H, Karpinskyj C, Leeson S, Lewis SJ, Liston WR, Lopes A, Mould T, Murdoch J, Oram D, Rabideau DJ, Reynolds K, Scott I, Seif MW, Sharma A, Singh N, Taylor J, Warburton F, Widschwendter M, Williamson K, Woolas R, Fallowfield L, McGuire AJ, Campbell S, Parmar M, Skates SJ. Ovarian cancer screening and mortality in the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2016 Mar 5;387(10022):945-956. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01224-6. Epub 2015 Dec 17. Erratum in: Lancet. 2016 Mar 5;387(10022):944. Erratum in: Lancet. 2016 Mar 5;387(10022):944. — View Citation

Kinde I, Bettegowda C, Wang Y, Wu J, Agrawal N, Shih IeM, Kurman R, Dao F, Levine DA, Giuntoli R, Roden R, Eshleman JR, Carvalho JP, Marie SK, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Diaz LA Jr. Evaluation of DNA from the Papanicolaou test to detect ovarian and endometrial cancers. Sci Transl Med. 2013 Jan 9;5(167):167ra4. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3004952. — View Citation

Krimmel JD, Schmitt MW, Harrell MI, Agnew KJ, Kennedy SR, Emond MJ, Loeb LA, Swisher EM, Risques RA. Ultra-deep sequencing detects ovarian cancer cells in peritoneal fluid and reveals somatic TP53 mutations in noncancerous tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2016 May 24;113(21):6005-10. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1601311113. Epub 2016 May 5. — View Citation

Maritschnegg E, Wang Y, Pecha N, Horvat R, Van Nieuwenhuysen E, Vergote I, Heitz F, Sehouli J, Kinde I, Diaz LA Jr, Papadopoulos N, Kinzler KW, Vogelstein B, Speiser P, Zeillinger R. Lavage of the Uterine Cavity for Molecular Detection of Müllerian Duct Carcinomas: A Proof-of-Concept Study. J Clin Oncol. 2015 Dec 20;33(36):4293-300. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2015.61.3083. Epub 2015 Nov 9. — View Citation

Pepe MS "The Statistical Evaluation of Medical Tests for Classification and Prediction". Oxford University Press (2003)

Risques RA, Kennedy SR. Aging and the rise of somatic cancer-associated mutations in normal tissues. PLoS Genet. 2018 Jan 4;14(1):e1007108. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1007108. eCollection 2018 Jan. Review. — View Citation

Rosenthal AN, Fraser LSM, Philpott S, Manchanda R, Burnell M, Badman P, Hadwin R, Rizzuto I, Benjamin E, Singh N, Evans DG, Eccles DM, Ryan A, Liston R, Dawnay A, Ford J, Gunu R, Mackay J, Skates SJ, Menon U, Jacobs IJ; United Kingdom Familial Ovarian Cancer Screening Study collaborators. Evidence of Stage Shift in Women Diagnosed With Ovarian Cancer During Phase II of the United Kingdom Familial Ovarian Cancer Screening Study. J Clin Oncol. 2017 May 1;35(13):1411-1420. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.69.9330. Epub 2017 Feb 27. Erratum in: J Clin Oncol. 2017 Aug 10;35(23):2722. — View Citation

Siegel RL, Miller KD, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2016. CA Cancer J Clin. 2016 Jan-Feb;66(1):7-30. doi: 10.3322/caac.21332. Epub 2016 Jan 7. — View Citation

Skates SJ, Greene MH, Buys SS, Mai PL, Brown P, Piedmonte M, Rodriguez G, Schorge JO, Sherman M, Daly MB, Rutherford T, Brewster WR, O'Malley DM, Partridge E, Boggess J, Drescher CW, Isaacs C, Berchuck A, Domchek S, Davidson SA, Edwards R, Elg SA, Wakeley K, Phillips KA, Armstrong D, Horowitz I, Fabian CJ, Walker J, Sluss PM, Welch W, Minasian L, Horick NK, Kasten CH, Nayfield S, Alberts D, Finkelstein DM, Lu KH. Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer using the Risk of Ovarian Cancer Algorithm with Frequent CA125 Testing in Women at Increased Familial Risk - Combined Results from Two Screening Trials. Clin Cancer Res. 2017 Jul 15;23(14):3628-3637. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-2750. Epub 2017 Jan 31. — View Citation

Skates SJ. Ovarian cancer screening: development of the risk of ovarian cancer algorithm (ROCA) and ROCA screening trials. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2012 May;22 Suppl 1:S24-6. doi: 10.1097/IGC.0b013e318256488a. — View Citation

* Note: There are 13 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Genomic biomarkers assessing mutations and methylation of tumor DNA, and protein biomarkers measured as the concentration of a protein in pg/mL, both types of biomarkers measured in the collected biospecimens.	Biomarkers that distinguish between ovarian cancer and benign ovarian disease	Through study completion, an average of three years