Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder Clinical Trial
Official title:
A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study With Open-Label Extension Phase of the Efficacy and Safety of Lemborexant in Subjects With Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder and Mild to Moderate Alzheimer's Disease Dementia
| Verified date | April 2021 |
| Source | Eisai Inc. |
| Contact | n/a |
| Is FDA regulated | No |
| Health authority | |
| Study type | Interventional |
This study will be conducted to determine the dose response of lemborexant (LEM) on the change from baseline in actigraphy-derived sleep-related parameters, wake-related parameters, and circadian-rhythm related parameters. Following the eligibility screening period, eligible participants will be assigned at random to 1 of 4 doses of LEM or to placebo for 4 weeks. After a 2-week follow-up period, eligible participants may enter an open-label extension period for up to 30 months or until the program discontinuation.
| Status | Completed |
| Enrollment | 63 |
| Est. completion date | April 17, 2020 |
| Est. primary completion date | July 26, 2018 |
| Accepts healthy volunteers | No |
| Gender | All |
| Age group | 60 Years to 90 Years |
| Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria (Core Study): - Male or female, age 60 to 90 years at the time of informed consent - Able to provide informed consent. If a participant lacks capacity to consent in the investigator's opinion, the participant's assent should be obtained, if required in accordance with local laws, regulations and customs, and the written informed consent of a legal representative should be obtained (capacity to consent and definition of legal representative should be determined in accordance with applicable local laws and regulations). - Documentation of diagnosis with Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD-D) on the basis of the National Institute on Aging/Alzheimer's Association Diagnostic Guidelines - Mini Mental State Examination 10 to 26 at Screening - Meets criteria for Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder, Irregular Sleep-Wake Type (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - 5th edition) and the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases, as follows: Complaint by the participant or caregiver of difficulty sleeping during the night and/or excessive daytime sleepiness associated with multiple irregular sleep bouts during a 24-hour period - Frequency of complaint of sleep and wake fragmentation =3 days per week - Duration of complaint of sleep and wake fragmentation =3 months - During the Screening Period, mean actigraphy-derived sleep efficiency (aSE) <87.5% within the defined nocturnal sleep period and mean actigraphy-derived wake efficiency (aWE) <87.5% during the defined wake period - Confirmation by actigraphy of a combination of sleep bouts of >10 minutes during the wake period plus wake bouts of >10 minutes during the sleep period, totaling at least 4 bouts per 24 hours period, = 3 days per week - Ambulatory and living in the community or in a residence not classified as a skilled nursing facility (an assisted living facility with separate living quarters where participants and their caregivers reside is acceptable) - Willing not to start a behavioral or other treatment program for sleep or wake difficulties and not to start a new treatment for other symptoms of AD-D during participation in the study - Has a reliable and competent caregiver (or caregiver and informants) who can accompany the participant to study visits, administer study medication on a nightly basis and provide information on the status of the participant - For participants taking a cholinesterase inhibitor and/or memantine, dosing regimen must have been stable for at least 3 months Inclusion Criteria (Extension Phase): - Completed the Core Study (End of Study [EOS] Visit). Participants who participated in the Core Study and completed the EOS Visit within 30 days may return to participate in the Extension Phase as long as there are no contraindications due to ongoing adverse events or prohibited medications. Inclusion Criteria for Caregivers: - Able to provide informed consent - Spends at least 10 hours per week with the participant - Able to meet caregiver requirements - Willing to provide information on himself/herself regarding sleep quality and caregiver Burden Exclusion Criteria: - A diagnosis of vascular dementia, dementia following multiple strokes, or any synucleinopathy / Lewy body disorder. This includes Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Parkinson's disease with or without dementia. - A current diagnosis of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or central sleep apnea, or current use of continuous positive airways pressure even if mild severity of OSA, restless legs syndrome, periodic limb movement disorder (with awakenings), or narcolepsy - An Apnea-Hypopnea Index or equivalent =15 events/hour on diagnostic sleep study conducted prior to Baseline or within 6 months of Screening - A clinically significant movement disorder that would affect the differentiation of sleep and wake by the actigraphy analytic algorithm - Current symptoms or history during the past year of Rapid Eye Movement Behavior Disorder or sleep-related violent behavior - Probable Major Depression, as evidenced by score >10 on the Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia at Screening - Unable to tolerate wearing the actigraph. At a minimum, participants must be able to wear the actigraph for 5 complete days out of 7 days' data. A day will be considered complete as long as data from 90% of the 24-hour period are able to be scored. - Excessive caffeine use that in the opinion of the investigator contributes to the participant's Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (ISWRD) - History of drug or alcohol dependency or abuse within approximately the previous 2 years - Reports habitually consuming more than 14 drinks containing alcohol per week or habitually consumes alcohol within 3 hours before bedtime and unwilling to limit alcohol intake to 2 or fewer drinks per day or forego having alcohol within 3 hours before bedtime for the duration of his/her participation in the study - Known to be human immunodeficiency virus positive - Active viral hepatitis (B or C) as demonstrated by positive serology at Screening - A prolonged QTcF interval (QTcF >450 milliseconds[ms]) as demonstrated by a repeated electrocardiogram (ECG) at Screening (repeated only if initial ECG indicates a QTcF interval >450 ms) (participants with evidence of bundle branch block are not excluded if the block is not clinically significant, as documented by the investigator in the source document) - Current evidence of clinically significant disease that in the opinion of the investigator(s) could affect the participant's safety or interfere with the study assessments - Any history of a medical or psychiatric condition other than Alzheimer's Disease dementia that in the opinion of the investigator(s) could affect the participant's safety or interfere with the study assessments - History of malignancy within the previous 5 years except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer or cervical carcinoma in situ - Any suicidal ideation with intent with or without a plan, at the time of or within 6 months of Screening, as indicated by answering "Yes" to questions 4 and 5 on the Suicidal Ideation section of the electronic version of the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (eC-SSRS) - Any suicidal behavior within the past 10 years based on the eC-SSRS - History of violence toward the caregiver or others - Scheduled for surgery using general anesthesia during the study - Used any prohibited prescription or over-the-counter concomitant medications within 1 week or 5 half-lives, whichever is longer, before starting actigraphy during Screening - Used any modality of treatment for ISWRD between Screening and Randomization based on approaches related to circadian rhythms, including phototherapy (light therapy), melatonin and melatonin agonists - Failed treatment with Belsomra (efficacy and/or safety) following treatment with an appropriate dose and of adequate duration in the opinion of the investigator - Transmeridian travel across more than 3 time zones between Screening and Randomization, or plans to travel across more than 3 time zones during the study - Hypersensitivity to lemborexant or to its excipients - Currently enrolled in another clinical trial, except for observational studies with no treatment component - Used any investigational drug or device before informed consent (ie, within 30 days or 5× the investigational drug half-life whichever is longer or 6 months for potential disease-modifying drugs) - Previously participated in any clinical trial of lemborexant |
| Country | Name | City | State |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japan | Eisai Trial Site #1 | Fujisawa | Kanagawa |
| Japan | Eisai Trial Site #1 | Kawasaki-shi | Kanagawa |
| Japan | Eisai Trial Site #1 | Kodaira | Tokyo |
| Japan | Eisai Trial Site #1 | Nagoya | Aichi |
| Japan | Eisai Trial Site #1 | Setagaya | Tokyo |
| Japan | Eisai Trial Site #1 | Shinjuku | Tokyo |
| Japan | Eisai Trial Site #1 | Tachikawa-shi | Tokyo |
| Japan | Eisai Trial Site #1 | Wako | Saitama |
| United Kingdom | Brighton and Sussex Medical School | Brighton | East Sussex |
| United Kingdom | Cognitive Treatment and Research Unit | Crowborough | East Sussex |
| United Kingdom | University of Edinburgh - PPDS | Edinburgh | |
| United States | Facility #1 | Atlanta | Georgia |
| United States | Facility #1 | Belmont | Massachusetts |
| United States | Facility #1 | Bradenton | Florida |
| United States | Facility #1 | Brandon | Florida |
| United States | Facility #1 | Brooksville | Florida |
| United States | Facility #1 | Charlotte | North Carolina |
| United States | Facility #1 | Columbia | South Carolina |
| United States | Facility #1 | Columbus | Georgia |
| United States | Facility #1 | Costa Mesa | California |
| United States | Facility #2 | Durham | North Carolina |
| United States | Facility #1 | Fullerton | California |
| United States | Facility #1 | Glendale | California |
| United States | Facility #1 | Hallandale Beach | Florida |
| United States | Nevada Senior Services (NSS) Adult Day Care Center | Henderson | Nevada |
| United States | Facility #1 | Irvine | California |
| United States | Facility #1 | Irvine | California |
| United States | Facility #1 | La Jolla | California |
| United States | Facility #1 | Las Vegas | Nevada |
| United States | Facility #1 | Little Rock | Arkansas |
| United States | Facility #1 | Macon | Georgia |
| United States | Facility #1 | Miami | Florida |
| United States | Facility #1 | Miami | Florida |
| United States | Facility #1 | Miami Lakes | Florida |
| United States | Facility #1 | Miami Springs | Florida |
| United States | Facility #1 | Norristown | Pennsylvania |
| United States | Facility #1 | Orlando | Florida |
| United States | Facility #2 | Orlando | Florida |
| United States | Facility #1 | Raleigh | North Carolina |
| United States | Facility #1 | Rogers | Arkansas |
| United States | Facility #1 | San Diego | California |
| United States | Facility #1 | Santa Monica | California |
| United States | Facility #1 | Sunrise | Florida |
| United States | Facility #2 | Tampa | Florida |
| United States | Facility #1 | Toms River | New Jersey |
| United States | Facility #2 | Toms River | New Jersey |
| United States | Facility #1 | Wichita | Kansas |
| United States | Facility #1 | Willow Grove | Pennsylvania |
| Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
|---|---|
| Eisai Inc. | Purdue Pharma LP |
United States, Japan, United Kingdom,
| Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Other | Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) | First dose of study drug (Day 1) to 14 days after last dose of study drug (approximately up to 2 years 7 months) | ||
| Other | Core Phase: Number of Participants in Each Category With Clinician's Global Impression of Change-Irregular Sleep-Wake Rhythm Disorder (CGIC-ISWRD) Global Score at Day 29 | The CGIC-ISWRD scale is a validated categorical measure of change in the participant's clinical condition between baseline and follow-up visits. It relies on both direct examination of the participant and an interview of the informant. The instrument consisted of 3 parts: a guided baseline interview administered to the participant and an informant, a follow-up interview administered to the participant and an informant, and a clinician's rating review. The baseline interview served as a reference for future ratings. During the baseline interview, the rater evaluated participant regarding domains of (1) sleep and wake symptoms; (2) mood and behavioral symptoms; (3) attention/arousal; and (4) social functioning. In the follow-up interview, a 7-pointscale was used, from 1 = marked improvement, 4 = no change, to 7 = marked worsening, to score each of the 4 domains and to provide a global score (1 [marked improvement] to 7 [marked worsening]). | Day 29 | |
| Other | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-10) Total Score at Day 29 | The NPI-10 assessed a wide range of behaviors seen in dementia for both frequency and severity. It is a 10 item questionnaire with the following domains: delusions, hallucinations, agitation/aggression, depression/dysphoria, anxiety, elation/euphoria, apathy/indifference, disinhibition, irritability/liability and aberrant motor behavior. The total score was summarized and analyzed. This scale was administered with the caregiver as proxy for the participant. The total score was a sum of the 10 domains, where the score of each domain was calculated as frequency (scale: 1=occasionally to 4=very frequently) * Severity (scale: 1=Mild to 3=Severe). Each domain has a maximum score of 12 and all domains were equally weighted for total score, thus the range for the total score is 0 to 120 with 0 being completely healthy to 120 which is the worse score participant could get. | Baseline, Day 29 | |
| Other | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the Sleep Disorders Inventory (SDI) Score at Day 29 | The SDI is an expanded version of one item of the NPI. It described the frequency, severity, and caregiver burden of sleep-disturbed behaviors during a period prior to its administration. The SDI consists of the 7 sub questions relating to sleep from the NPI sleep disturbance item. Each of the sub questions is a separate question with frequency, severity, and caregiver distress rated by the caregiver with respect to the patient-participant for the 2 weeks prior to the visit. The SDI score is derived as the product of the average of the frequency ratings and the average of the severity ratings (range: 0-12 [worst]). | Baseline, Day 29 | |
| Other | Extension Phase: Change From Baseline in SDI Total Score. | The SDI is an expanded version of one item of the NPI. It described the frequency, severity, and caregiver burden of sleep-disturbed behaviors during a period prior to its administration. The SDI consists of the 7 sub questions relating to sleep from the NPI sleep disturbance item. Each of the sub questions is a separate question with frequency, severity, and caregiver distress rated by the caregiver with respect to the patient-participant for the 2 weeks prior to the visit. The SDI score is derived as the product of the average of the frequency ratings and the average of the severity ratings (range: 0-12 [worst]). | Baseline, Day 133, 223, 313, 343, 373, 403, 493, 583, 673, and 763 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean Actigraphy Sleep Efficiency (aSE) With Lemborexant Compared to Placebo During Week 1 of Treatment | aSE was defined as the percentage of time spent in bed nocturnal sleeping, as measured by actigraphy. Sleep efficiency was calculated as the total duration of sleep epochs during the predefined 8-hour nocturnal sleep period divided by 8 hours and multiplied by 100. Higher values were better. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean aSE With Lemborexant Compared to Placebo During Week 2 of Treatment | aSE was defined as the percentage of time spent in bed nocturnal sleeping, as measured by actigraphy. Sleep efficiency was calculated as the total duration of sleep epochs during the predefined 8-hour nocturnal sleep period divided by 8 hours and multiplied by 100. Higher values were better. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean aSE With Lemborexant Compared to Placebo During Week 3 of Treatment | aSE was defined as the percentage of time spent in bed nocturnal sleeping, as measured by actigraphy. Sleep efficiency was calculated as the total duration of sleep epochs during the predefined 8-hour nocturnal sleep period divided by 8 hours and multiplied by 100. Higher values were better. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean aSE With Lemborexant Compared to Placebo During Week 4 of Treatment | aSE was defined as the percentage of time spent in bed nocturnal sleeping, as measured by actigraphy. Sleep efficiency was calculated as the total duration of sleep epochs during the predefined 8-hour nocturnal sleep period divided by 8 hours and multiplied by 100. Higher values were better. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean Sleep Fragmentation Index (SFI) During Week 1 of Treatment | The SFI was defined as the sum of a movement index (MI) and a fragmentation index (FI) during the logged sleep period. The MI was equal to the epochs of wake per time in bed (TBI) multiplied by 100. The FI was equal to the number of less than or equal to (<=) 1-minute periods of immobility/total number of periods of immobility of all durations during the defined nocturnal sleep period multiplied by 100. Value ranges from 0-100 percent (%) (lower values were better). SFI was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean SFI During Week 2 of Treatment | The SFI was defined as the sum of a MI and a FI during the logged sleep period. The MI was equal to the epochs of wake per TBI multiplied by 100. The FI was equal to the number <=1-minute periods of immobility/total number of periods of immobility of all durations during the defined nocturnal sleep period multiplied by 100. Value ranges from 0-100% (lower values were better). SFI was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean SFI During Week 3 of Treatment | The SFI was defined as the sum of a MI and a FI during the logged sleep period. The MI was equal to the epochs of wake per TBI multiplied by 100. The FI was equal to the number <=1-minute periods of immobility/total number of periods of immobility of all durations during the defined nocturnal sleep period multiplied by 100. Value ranges from 0-100% (lower values were better). SFI was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean SFI During Week 4 of Treatment | The SFI was defined as the sum of a MI and a FI during the logged sleep period. The MI was equal to the epochs of wake per TBI multiplied by 100. The FI was equal to the number <=1-minute periods of immobility/total number of periods of immobility of all durations during the defined nocturnal sleep period multiplied by 100. Value ranges from 0-100% (lower values were better). SFI was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the Mean Duration of Wake Bouts (aMeanDurWB) During Week 1 of Treatment | aMeanDurWB was defined as an average duration of all wake bouts that occurred during the defined nocturnal predefined sleep period. The wake bout was defined as continuous wake of 10 minutes or longer. Lower values were better. aMeanDurWB was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the aMeanDurWB During Week 2 of Treatment | aMeanDurWB was defined as an average duration of all wake bouts that occurred during the defined nocturnal predefined sleep period. The wake bout was defined as continuous wake of 10 minutes or longer. Lower values were better. aMeanDurWB was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the aMeanDurWB During Week 3 of Treatment | aMeanDurWB was defined as an average duration of all wake bouts that occurred during the defined nocturnal predefined sleep period. The wake bout was defined as continuous wake of 10 minutes or longer. Lower values were better. aMeanDurWB was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the aMeanDurWB During Week 4 of Treatment | aMeanDurWB was defined as an average duration of all wake bouts that occurred during the defined nocturnal predefined sleep period. The wake bout was defined as continuous wake of 10 minutes or longer. Lower values were better. aMeanDurWB was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean Actigraphy Wake Efficiency (aWE) During Week 1 of Treatment | aWE was defined as the percentage of time spent awake in bed during defined wake period, as measured by actigraphy. Wake efficiency was calculated as the total duration of wake epochs during 16 hours outside of the predefined sleep period divided by 16 hours and multiplied by 100. Higher values were better. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean aWE During Week 2 of Treatment | aWE was defined as the percentage of time spent awake in bed during defined wake period, as measured by actigraphy. Wake efficiency was calculated as the total duration of wake epochs during 16 hours outside of the predefined sleep period divided by 16 hours and multiplied by 100. Higher values were better. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean aWE During Week 3 of Treatment | aWE was defined as the percentage of time spent awake in bed during defined wake period, as measured by actigraphy. Wake efficiency was calculated as the total duration of wake epochs during 16 hours outside of the predefined sleep period divided by 16 hours and multiplied by 100. Higher values were better. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean aWE During Week 4 of Treatment | aWE was defined as the percentage of time spent awake in bed during defined wake period, as measured by actigraphy. Wake efficiency was calculated as the total duration of wake epochs during 16 hours outside of the predefined sleep period divided by 16 hours and multiplied by 100. Higher values were better. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean Wake Fragmentation Index (WFI) During Week 1 of Treatment | The WFI were calculated as the sum of an immobility index (II) and a FI during the logged wake period. The II was equal to the epochs of immobility per the 16 hours outside of the defined sleep period multiplied by 100. The FI was equal to the number of <=1-minute periods of mobility/total number of periods of mobility the 16 hours outside of the defined sleep period multiplied by 100. Value ranges from 0-100 percent (lower values were better). The WFI was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean WFI During Week 2 of Treatment | The WFI were calculated as the sum of an II and a FI during the logged wake period. The II was equal to the epochs of immobility per the 16 hours outside of the defined sleep period multiplied by 100. The FI was equal to the number of <=1-minute periods of mobility/total number of periods of mobility the 16 hours outside of the defined sleep period multiplied by 100. Value ranges from 0-100% (lower values were better). The WFI was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean WFI During Week 3 of Treatment | The WFI were calculated as the sum of an II and a FI during the logged wake period. The II was equal to the epochs of immobility per the 16 hours outside of the defined sleep period multiplied by 100. The FI was equal to the number of <=1-minute periods of mobility/total number of periods of mobility the 16 hours outside of the defined sleep period multiplied by 100. Value ranges from 0-100% (lower values were better). The WFI was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean WFI During Week 4 of Treatment | The WFI were calculated as the sum of an II and a FI during the logged wake period. The II was equal to the epochs of immobility per the 16 hours outside of the defined sleep period multiplied by 100. The FI was equal to the number of <=1-minute periods of mobility/total number of periods of mobility the 16 hours outside of the defined sleep period multiplied by 100. Value ranges from 0-100% (lower values were better). The WFI was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the Mean Duration of Sleep Bouts (aMeanDurSB) During Week 1 of Treatment | aMeanDurSB was defined as an average duration of all sleep bouts that occurred during the 16 hours outside of the predefined nocturnal sleep period. The sleep bout was defined as the continuous sleep of 10 minutes or longer. Lower values were better. aMeanDurSB was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the aMeanDurSB During Week 2 of Treatment | aMeanDurSB was defined as an average duration of all sleep bouts that occurred during the 16 hours outside of the predefined nocturnal sleep period. The sleep bout was defined as the continuous sleep of 10 minutes or longer. Lower values were better. aMeanDurSB was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the aMeanDurSB During Week 3 of Treatment | aMeanDurSB was defined as an average duration of all sleep bouts that occurred during the 16 hours outside of the predefined nocturnal sleep period. The sleep bout was defined as the continuous sleep of 10 minutes or longer. Lower values were better. aMeanDurSB was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the aMeanDurSB During Week 4 of Treatment | aMeanDurSB was defined as an average duration of all sleep bouts that occurred during the 16 hours outside of the predefined nocturnal sleep period. The sleep bout was defined as the continuous sleep of 10 minutes or longer. Lower values were better. aMeanDurSB was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean Intradaily Variability Over Week 1 of Treatment | Intradaily variability gives an indication of irregular sleep-wake rhythm disorder (ISWRD) by quantifying the number and strength of transitions between rest and activity bouts, derived by the ratio of the mean squares of the difference between all successive hours (first derivative) and the mean squares around the grand mean (overall variance). The variable has a theoretical range of 0 to 2, with higher values indicating higher fragmentation. Intradaily variability was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean Intradaily Variability Over Week 2 of Treatment | Intradaily variability gives an indication of ISWRD by quantifying the number and strength of transitions between rest and activity bouts, derived by the ratio of the mean squares of the difference between all successive hours (first derivative) and the mean squares around the grand mean (overall variance). The variable has a theoretical range of 0 to 2, with higher values indicating higher fragmentation. Intradaily variability was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean Intradaily Variability Over Week 3 of Treatment | Intradaily variability gives an indication of ISWRD by quantifying the number and strength of transitions between rest and activity bouts, derived by the ratio of the mean squares of the difference between all successive hours (first derivative) and the mean squares around the grand mean (overall variance). The variable has a theoretical range of 0 to 2, with higher values indicating higher fragmentation. Intradaily variability was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean Intradaily Variability Over Week 4 of Treatment | Intradaily variability gives an indication of ISWRD by quantifying the number and strength of transitions between rest and activity bouts, derived by the ratio of the mean squares of the difference between all successive hours (first derivative) and the mean squares around the grand mean (overall variance). The variable has a theoretical range of 0 to 2, with higher values indicating higher fragmentation. Intradaily variability was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean Interdaily Stability (IS) Over Week 1 of Treatment | IS gives an indication of the stability of the sleep-wake rhythm across days, and varies from zero (low stability) to 1 (high stability). IS was derived by the ratio between the variance of the average 24-hour pattern around the mean and the overall variance. Higher values indicated stable rhythm. IS was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean IS Over Week 2 of Treatment | IS gives an indication of the stability of the sleep-wake rhythm across days, and varies from zero (low stability) to 1 (high stability). IS was derived by the ratio between the variance of the average 24-hour pattern around the mean and the overall variance. Higher values indicated stable rhythm. IS was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean IS Over Week 3 of Treatment | IS gives an indication of the stability of the sleep-wake rhythm across days, and varies from zero (low stability) to 1 (high stability). IS was derived by the ratio between the variance of the average 24-hour pattern around the mean and the overall variance. Higher values indicated stable rhythm. IS was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Mean IS Over Week 4 of Treatment | IS gives an indication of the stability of the sleep-wake rhythm across days, and varies from zero (low stability) to 1 (high stability). IS was derived by the ratio between the variance of the average 24-hour pattern around the mean and the overall variance. Higher values indicated stable rhythm. IS was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Average Activity Counts Across Least Active 5-hour Period (L5) Per 24-Hour Period Over Week 1 of Treatment | L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. This value provides an indication of how restful (inactive) and regular the sleep periods are. L5 was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Average Activity Counts Across L5 Per 24-Hour Period Over Week 2 of Treatment | L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. This value provides an indication of how restful (inactive) and regular the sleep periods are. L5 was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Average Activity Counts Across L5 Per 24-Hour Period Over Week 3 of Treatment | L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. This value provides an indication of how restful (inactive) and regular the sleep periods are. L5 was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Average Activity Counts Across L5 Per 24-Hour Period Over Week 4 of Treatment | L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. This value provides an indication of how restful (inactive) and regular the sleep periods are. L5 was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the Average Activity Count During the Most Active 10-hour Period (M10) Per 24-Hour Period Over Week 1 of Treatment | M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. M10 was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the Average Activity Count During the M10 Per 24-Hour Period Over Week 2 of Treatment | M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. M10 was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the Average Activity Count During the M10 Per 24-Hour Period Over Week 3 of Treatment | M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. M10 was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in the Average Activity Count During the M10 Per 24-Hour Period Over Week 4 of Treatment | M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. M10 was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Amplitude of the Rest-activity Rhythm (AMP) Over Week 1 of Treatment | AMP was amplitude of rest-activity rhythm calculated as the difference between M10 and L5. L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. AMP was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in AMP Over Week 2 of Treatment | AMP was amplitude of rest-activity rhythm calculated as the difference between M10 and L5. L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. AMP was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in AMP Over Week 3 of Treatment | AMP was amplitude of rest-activity rhythm calculated as the difference between M10 and L5. L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. AMP was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in AMP Over Week 4 of Treatment | AMP was amplitude of rest-activity rhythm calculated as the difference between M10 and L5. L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. AMP was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in Relative Amplitude in the Rest-activity Rhythm (RA) Over Week 1 of Treatment | RA was relative amplitude of the rest-activity rhythm calculated as the difference between M10 and L5 divided by M10 plus L5. L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. RA was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average first 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 1 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in RA Over Week 2 of Treatment | RA was relative amplitude of the rest-activity rhythm calculated as the difference between M10 and L5 divided by M10 plus L5. L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. RA was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average second 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 2 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in RA Over Week 3 of Treatment | RA was relative amplitude of the rest-activity rhythm calculated as the difference between M10 and L5 divided by M10 plus L5. L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. RA was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average third 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 3 | |
| Primary | Core Phase: Change From Baseline in RA Over Week 4 of Treatment | RA was relative amplitude of the rest-activity rhythm calculated as the difference between M10 and L5 divided by M10 plus L5. L5 was defined as the average activity across the least active 5-hour period per 24-hour period, with high values indicating restlessness. M10 was defined as the average activity during the most active 10-hour period per 24-hour period with low levels indicating inactivity. RA was determined by Actigraphy. Actigraphy was performed with an accelerometer that was worn on the wrist like a watch. It was programmed to monitor degree and intensity of movements while the device was being worn. Change from baseline to average last 7 nights of treatment was reported. | Baseline, Week 4 |