View clinical trials related to Osteoporosis.
Filter by:Rationale: Osteoporotic fractures are associated with high morbidity and mortality. This is why prevention of these fractures is important. The investigators have shown in animal studies that a single treatment with unfocused extracorporeal shock wave therapy leads to highly increased bone mass and improved biomechanical properties. Unfocused extracorporeal shock wave therapy could have important implications for the prevention of osteoporotic fractures. Objective: To assess the effect of unfocused extracorporeal shock wave therapy on bone mass. Study design: A clinical pilot study. Study population: Twelve female patients are eligible if they are undergoing elective surgery of the lower extremity or elective spinal surgery under general anesthesia in the investigators hospital. Intervention: When the patient is under general anaesthesia he/she will receive 3000 unfocused extracorporeal shock waves (energy flux density 0.3mJ/mm2) to one distal forearm. The contra lateral forearm will not be treated and serves as a control. Main study parameters/endpoints: The investigators will examine the effect on bone mass with the use of repeated dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements. These results are necessary to calculate the number of patients that are needed for larger studies. Furthermore, the investigators will assess patient's discomfort. Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit and group relatedness: General anaesthesia is performed during treatment and pain after the procedure will be evaluated using pain scales and, if necessary pain medication will be prescribed by the orthopaedic surgeon. The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry-scans and X-rays will cause very low radiation exposure to the patient.
There is current interest in the role of vitamin D in the prevention and treatment of many chronic diseases, including osteoporosis, cancer and neurological disease. The majority of vitamin D in the UK comes from the action of sunlight on skin, and very little from dietary sources. Half of the adult United Kingdom (UK) population have vitamin D insufficiency (according to the Institute of Medicine definition). There are still several important unknowns, including what the optimum levels of vitamin D are, and whether the same intake of vitamin D is appropriate for all sections of the population. Low 25(OH)D and high parathyroid hormone (PTH) have been observed in people with high adiposity (obesity), and the summer rise in vitamin D is blunted in obesity. The potential causes of low 25(OH)D levels include an inadequate supply of vitamin D (by reduced sunlight exposure or poor nutrition), the large pool size of adipose tissue or increased metabolic clearance rate. The investigators will measure metabolites of vitamin D and the kinetics of 25(OH)D using stable isotope techniques in lean, overweight and obese men, women and children to establish whether age, gender and obesity affect vitamin D metabolism and clearance rate. If low 25(OH)D in obesity is related to poorer skeletal health and is due to increased clearance of 25(OH)D or large pool size, then total requirements, and hence supplementation requirements, would be larger for obese people than for lean people.
High body weight is protective against hip and spine fracture, but has been found to increase the risk of humerus, foot and ankle fracture. Increasing understanding of the actions of adipokines on bone suggests that there may be complex effects on different aspects of bone geometry and microarchitecture and that these effects may vary depending on whether adipokines act directly on bone cells or through the central nervous system and between cortical and trabecular compartments. Previous research is limited by the use of areal dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans which may be inaccurate in obese populations due to increased body thickness. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of obesity on bone mineral density, bone geometry, bone microarchitecture and bone strength of the hip, lumbar spine, distal radius and tibia. This is an observational, cross-sectional study of normal weight and obese individuals matched by age, gender, height, postcode and smoking. The total number of subjects will be 240; men and premenopausal women ages 25 to 40 years and men and postmenopausal women ages 55 to 75 years. DXA, high-resolution peripheral computed tomography (HR-pQCT), quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and finite element analysis will be used to assess bone structure and strength. Biochemical markers of bone turnover and hormones related to bone metabolism will also be measured in order to identify potential mediators of the effects of obesity on bone structure and strength. A sub-study has been included to evaluate the interaction of fracture risk and cardiovascular risk in obese and non-obese individuals. There is evidence of an interaction between bone mineral density (BMD) and cardiovascular risk and test the hypothesis that there are common pathways linking BMD and cardiovascular risk, including fat secretion of inflammatory cytokines e.g. interleukin-1 and adipokines e.g. leptin and adiponectin. Ultrasound based assessments of vascular function will be used to assess cardiac risk and relate these measures to bone density. Obese individuals have lower circulating levels of 25OHD. This may be due to poor nutritional intake, reduced sunlight exposure or the vitamin D being stored in fat tissue. The investigators will measure levels of 25OHD in lean, overweight and obese men and women to examine whether 25(OH)D is related to age or gender and whether low 25OHD in obesity affects bone health in subsets of lean, overweight and obese participants of different ages.
Falls are an important risk factor for fragility fractures. Both are associated with the ageing process and as they rise also increase the risk of mortality, disability and dependency. Interventions to prevent falls have been based on multifactorial approaches but the outcomes have shown little effectiveness. Lately, it is being recommended interventions which foster physical exercise incorporating it to daily life activities. The OTAGO exercise programme is based on easy physical exercises for older adults and has shown cost-effective outcomes for falls prevention and its consequences.
Aims: 1. To determine whether BMD and muscle mass were associated with fractures and other adverse events in dialysis patients. 2. To explore the effects of the interactions among FGF23, calcium, phosphate, PTH and vitamin D on low bone mineral density and sacropenia in dialysis patients. Method: In this study, the investigators plan to use DXA to screen for BMD, relevant novel bone microstructure parameters, and body composition in chronic dialysis patients. Also, the investigators plan to use blood testing to measure the blood level of FGF23, calcium, phosphate, PTH and vitamin D. The investigators conduct a prospectively follow up program for these participants to evaluate clinical courses and outcomes. Patients will receive DXA (including BMD and body composition) tests and blood work at baseline and one-year. Muscle power and physical performance will be measured at baseline, 6 months and one-year.
The aims of this study were to investigate how intake of tailor-made salmon affected bone biomarkers, nutritional status, as well as body composition and bone mineral density. The 122 healthy postmenopausal women included in this 12 weeks intervention study were randomized into four groups: three salmon groups (with three different vitamin D3/vitamin K1 combinations) and one tablet group (vitamin D and Calcium).
BACKGROUND: The deterioration of musculoskeletal system imposes significant impact on physical activity in older adults. METHODS: This was a randomized, parallel-group, prospective study. All participants received education program including home-based exercise. The IC group consisted of different modalities of exercise while the LEE group performed machine-based exercise. Body composition, muscle strength, and physical performance were measured at their baseline and 3 months follow-up.
This study will investigate participant satisfaction (including compliance, preference, tolerability) with once-monthly Bonviva in women with post-menopausal osteoporosis or osteopenia transitioned from once-weekly alendronate or risedronate. The anticipated time on study treatment is 6 months, and the target sample size is 1776 individuals.
This study will evaluate whether an early positive response to once-monthly oral ibandronate in treatment-naive participants with postmenopausal osteoporosis is predictive of efficacy later in treatment. The anticipated time on study treatment is 6 months, and the target sample size is 360 individuals.
The purpose of this study is to evaluate treatment adherence to different regimens of ibandronate in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or osteopenia who are intolerant to daily or weekly alendronate or risedronate therapy due to gastrointestinal (GI) side effects. The anticipated time on study treatment is 12 months, and the target sample size is 517 individuals.