Improving 24-hour Blood Pressure in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Clinical Trial

Official title:

Combined Treatment of Angiotensin Receptor Blocker and Antioxidant Supplementation as a Novel Adjunctive Therapy for 24-hour Blood Pressure Improvement in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Withdrawn

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT04021550
• Other study ID #: H18-03130
• Status: Withdrawn
• Phase: Early Phase 1
• Start date: May 2023
• Est. completion date: December 2026

Study information

• Verified date: May 2023
• Source: University of British Columbia
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

This study examines the combined effects of an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), antioxidant supplementation, and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on the lowering of 24-hour blood pressure in persons with moderate to severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). All participants will undergo CPAP therapy as prescribed by their doctor; however, half of the participants will receive the combined ARB and antioxidant treatment while the other half of the participants will receive a placebo.

Description:

OSA is a sleep disorder characterized by repetitive collapses (apneas) or partial collapses (hypopneas) of the upper airway. These airway obstructions result in intermittent reductions in arterial oxygen saturation (hypoxia), which causes a reflexive increase in sympathetic activation and systemic vasoconstriction. Resumption of breathing results in transient surges in blood pressure (BP) that can reach as high as 240/130 mm/Hg. OSA effects up to 24% of the adult population and evidence suggests a causal relationship between OSA and cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. While the exact mechanisms are unknown, data from animal and human models suggest that exposure to chronic intermittent hypoxia (IH) plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular comorbidity. Persons with OSA exhibit increased daytime sympathetic activity, markers of oxidative stress, and vasoactive hormones, particularly angiotensin II, that contribute to systemic vasoconstriction. These factors contribute to early endothelial dysfunction and contribute to sustained elevations in BP. While CPAP is the gold standard OSA treatment, adherence rates are low and evidence suggests that treatment does not reduce the rates of CVD in large population-based studies. Telmisartan is a receptor blocker for angiotensin II and not only has BP lowering effects, but also has unique anti-inflammatory properties and beneficial influences on endothelial function. The addition of an antioxidant supplement may increase the reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity and, in combination with ARB treatment, may provide more robust effects on BP in persons with OSA.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Withdrawn
• Enrollment: 0
• Est. completion date: December 2026
• Est. primary completion date: December 2026
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years to 65 Years

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Apnea/Hypopnea Index (AHI) greater than/equal to 15 events per hour of sleep
• No prior use of CPAP
• Body mass index less than 30kg/m2
• Does not take ARBs or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors for blood pressure control
• Females of childbearing potential on an effective or highly effective means of contraception

Exclusion Criteria:

• Prescribed and/or taking the following medications: diuretics (including potassium-sparing diuretics), Digoxin, lithium salts, and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
• Over the counter supplements that affect the cardiovascular system, such as fish oils, vitamins, or other antioxidants
• History of heart failure
• History of myocardial infarction
• History of coronary artery disease
• History of stroke
• History of diabetes mellitus
• History of impaired renal function
• History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• History of asthma
• History of central sleep apnea
• Smoked within the past year
• Hypotensive (Systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <60 mmHg)
• Females who do not have a means of contraception, are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, and/or are breast-feeding

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Apnea
• Obstructive Sleep Apnea
• Sleep Apnea Syndromes
• Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

Intervention

Device:
• Continuous Positive Airway Pressure CPAP
All subjects will be advised to use their continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in accordance to their physician's guidelines.

Drug:
• Telmisartan 80mg
Subjects in this group will receive 80mg/day of Telmisartan (an angiotensin receptor blocker). Treatments will be administered in pre-packaged blister packages. Subjects will take Telmisartan once per day for 6 weeks.

Dietary Supplement:
• Alpha-Lipoic Acid 600mg
Subjects in this group will receive 600mg/day of Alpha-Lipoic Acid (an antioxidant). Treatments will be administered in pre-packaged blister packages. Subjects will take Alpha-Lipoic Acid once per day for 6 weeks.

Other:
• Microcrystalline Cellulose
Subjects in this group will receive two capsules of Microcrystalline Cellulose (placebo). Treatments will be administered in pre-packaged blister packages. Subjects will take placebo pills once per day for 6 weeks.

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
n/a

Sponsors (3)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
University of British Columbia	Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research

References & Publications (5)

Frampton JE. Telmisartan: a review of its use in cardiovascular disease prevention. Drugs. 2011 Apr 16;71(6):651-77. doi: 10.2165/11206710-000000000-00000. — View Citation

Khayat R, Patt B, Hayes D Jr. Obstructive sleep apnea: the new cardiovascular disease. Part I: Obstructive sleep apnea and the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Heart Fail Rev. 2009 Sep;14(3):143-53. doi: 10.1007/s10741-008-9112-z. Epub 2008 Sep 20. — View Citation

Khayat RN, Varadharaj S, Porter K, Sow A, Jarjoura D, Gavrilin MA, Zweier JL. Angiotensin Receptor Expression and Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Am J Hypertens. 2018 Feb 9;31(3):355-361. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpx174. — View Citation

Pepin JL, Tamisier R, Barone-Rochette G, Launois SH, Levy P, Baguet JP. Comparison of continuous positive airway pressure and valsartan in hypertensive patients with sleep apnea. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2010 Oct 1;182(7):954-60. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200912-1803OC. Epub 2010 Jun 3. — View Citation

Rotenberg BW, Murariu D, Pang KP. Trends in CPAP adherence over twenty years of data collection: a flattened curve. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Aug 19;45(1):43. doi: 10.1186/s40463-016-0156-0. — View Citation

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Change in 24-hour blood pressure	Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure (mmHg)	Change from baseline of 24-hour systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure at 6 weeks