Obesity Clinical Trial
Official title:
Aromatase Inhibitors and Weight Loss in Severely Obese Men With Hypogonadism
The investigators have preliminary data suggesting that obese patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HHG) have minimal benefit from testosterone therapy likely because of its conversion to estradiol by the abundant aromatase enzyme in the adipocytes. The increased conversion of androgens into estrogens in obese men results in a negative feedback of high estradiol levels on hypothalamus and pituitary, inhibiting the production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and, as a consequence, of testosterone by the testis. Testosterone administration could increase estradiol production, further promoting the inhibitory feedback to the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Although weight loss from lifestyle modification has been shown to reduce estradiol and increase testosterone levels, the effect is at best modest and weight regain results in recurrence of hypogonadism. The use of aromatase inhibitors, in combination with weight loss, could be an effective alternative strategy due to its action at the pathophysiology of the disease. Intervention Subjects (body mass index of ≥35, testosterone <300 ng/dl) will be randomized to the active (anastrozole) or control (placebo) group. Anastrozole 1 mg tablet / day will be self-administered with or without food, at around the same time every day (active group); placebo 1 tablet/day with or without food to take at around the same time every day (control group). The study duration will be 12 months. Both groups will undergo lifestyle intervention consisting of diet and supervised exercise program. Target weight loss will be at least 10% of baseline body weight during the intervention. Subjects will attend weekly group behavior modification sessions which will last ~75-90 min for the first 3 months and decreased to every two weeks from 3 to 12 months. Subjects will attend supervised research center-based exercise sessions during the first 6 months followed by community fitness center-based sessions during the next 6 months for at least 2 d/wk, with recording of home-based exercises for the other 2-4 days/week.
Status | Recruiting |
Enrollment | 120 |
Est. completion date | April 14, 2026 |
Est. primary completion date | April 14, 2025 |
Accepts healthy volunteers | No |
Gender | Male |
Age group | 40 Years to 65 Years |
Eligibility | Inclusion Criteria: - obese men with body mass index (BMI) of =35 kg/m2 - age between 40 to 65 years old - average fasting testosterone level from 2 measurements taken between 8 to 10 AM on 2 separate days of <300 ng/dl - Luteinizing Hormone (LH) of <9.0 mIU/L - Estradiol of =17 pg/ml - Symptoms consistent with androgen deficiency as assessed by Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male (ADAM) questionnaire Exclusion criteria: - pituitary or hypothalamic disease, - drugs affecting gonadal hormone levels, production and action or bone metabolism (bisphosphonates, teriparatide, denosumab, glucocorticoids, phenytoin) - diseases affecting bone metabolism (e.g. hyperparathyroidism, untreated hyperthyroidism, osteomalacia, chronic liver disease, significant renal failure, hypercortisolism, malabsorption, immobilization, Paget's disease), - prostate carcinoma or elevated serum prostate specific antigen (PSA)> 4 ng/ml, - Hematocrit > 50%, - untreated severe obstructive sleep apnea, - Cardiopulmonary disease (e.g. recent myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stroke) or unstable disease (e.g., New York Heart Association Class III or IV congestive heart failure - severe pulmonary disease requiring steroid pills or the use of supplemental oxygen (that would contraindicate exercise or dietary restriction) - History of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism - severe lower urinary tract or prostate symptoms with International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) above 19 - excessive alcohol or substance abuse - unstable weight (i.e. >±2 kg) in the last 3 months - condition that could prevent from completing the study - screening bone mineral density (BMD) T-score of <-2.0 at the spine, femoral neck or total femur - history of osteoporosis or fragility fracture - Diabetes mellitus with a fasting blood glucose of >140 mg/dl, and/or Hemoglobin A1C (A1C) >8.5%. |
Country | Name | City | State |
---|---|---|---|
United States | Michael E. DeBakey VAMC | Houston | Texas |
Lead Sponsor | Collaborator |
---|---|
Baylor College of Medicine |
United States,
Armamento-Villareal R, Aguirre LE, Qualls C, Villareal DT. Effect of Lifestyle Intervention on the Hormonal Profile of Frail, Obese Older Men. J Nutr Health Aging. 2016 Mar;20(3):334-40. doi: 10.1007/s12603-016-0698-x. — View Citation
Bassil N, Alkaade S, Morley JE. The benefits and risks of testosterone replacement therapy: a review. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2009 Jun;5(3):427-48. doi: 10.2147/tcrm.s3025. Epub 2009 Jun 22. — View Citation
Corona G, Rastrelli G, Monami M, Saad F, Luconi M, Lucchese M, Facchiano E, Sforza A, Forti G, Mannucci E, Maggi M. Body weight loss reverts obesity-associated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol. 2013 Ma — View Citation
Dhindsa S, Miller MG, McWhirter CL, Mager DE, Ghanim H, Chaudhuri A, Dandona P. Testosterone concentrations in diabetic and nondiabetic obese men. Diabetes Care. 2010 Jun;33(6):1186-92. doi: 10.2337/dc09-1649. Epub 2010 Mar 3. Erratum In: Diabetes Care. 2 — View Citation
Feldman HA, Longcope C, Derby CA, Johannes CB, Araujo AB, Coviello AD, Bremner WJ, McKinlay JB. Age trends in the level of serum testosterone and other hormones in middle-aged men: longitudinal results from the Massachusetts male aging study. J Clin Endoc — View Citation
Giagulli VA, Kaufman JM, Vermeulen A. Pathogenesis of the decreased androgen levels in obese men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1994 Oct;79(4):997-1000. doi: 10.1210/jcem.79.4.7962311. — View Citation
Kaplan SA, Lee JY, O'Neill EA, Meehan AG, Kusek JW. Prevalence of low testosterone and its relationship to body mass index in older men with lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Aging Male. 2013 Dec;16(4):169-72. doi: — View Citation
Khosla S, Melton LJ 3rd, Atkinson EJ, O'Fallon WM. Relationship of serum sex steroid levels to longitudinal changes in bone density in young versus elderly men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2001 Aug;86(8):3555-61. doi: 10.1210/jcem.86.8.7736. — View Citation
Schneider G, Kirschner MA, Berkowitz R, Ertel NH. Increased estrogen production in obese men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1979 Apr;48(4):633-8. doi: 10.1210/jcem-48-4-633. — View Citation
Strain GW, Zumoff B, Kream J, Strain JJ, Deucher R, Rosenfeld RS, Levin J, Fukushima DK. Mild Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in obese men. Metabolism. 1982 Sep;31(9):871-5. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(82)90175-5. — View Citation
Type | Measure | Description | Time frame | Safety issue |
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary | Hormonal Profile Changes | Assessed by changes in serum testosterone levels. | 12 months | |
Primary | Changes in muscle strength | Assessed by changes in knee extension strength using a dynamometer. | 12 months | |
Primary | Changes in Lean mass | Assessed by body composition tissue measurement using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. | 12 months | |
Primary | Changes in total hip bone mineral density (BMD) | Assessed by dual energy absorptiometry. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Other gonadal hormone | Assessed by changes in serum estradiol | 12 months | |
Secondary | Pituitary hormone | Assessed by changes in serum luteinizing hormone (LH) | 12 months | |
Secondary | Pituitary hormone | Assessed by changes in serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in thigh muscle volume | Assessed magnetic resonance imaging of both thighs. | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in symptoms of hypogonadism | Assessed by the Androgen Deficiency in Aging Male (ADAM) questionnaire; higher scores indicating worse outcome | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in symptoms of hypogonadism | Assessed by the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire; higher scores indicating better outcome | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in symptoms of hypogonadism | Assessed by the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire; scores on the physical and mental component subscales of the SF-36 range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health status | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in visceral adipose tissues | Assessed by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in metabolic risk factors | Assessed by hemoglobin A1C | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in metabolic risk factors | Assessed by lipid profile | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in metabolic risk factors | Assessed by homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in volumetric bone density | Assessed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computer tomography | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in bone quality | Assessed by changes in finite element analysis using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computer tomography | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in bone markers | Assessed by serum C-telopeptide | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in bone markers | Assessed by serum osteocalcin | 12 months | |
Secondary | Changes in bone markers | Assessed by serum procollagen 1 Intact N-terminal | 12 months |
Status | Clinical Trial | Phase | |
---|---|---|---|
Recruiting |
NCT04243317 -
Feasibility of a Sleep Improvement Intervention for Weight Loss and Its Maintenance in Sleep Impaired Obese Adults
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT04101669 -
EndoBarrier System Pivotal Trial(Rev E v2)
|
N/A | |
Terminated |
NCT03772886 -
Reducing Cesarean Delivery Rate in Obese Patients Using the Peanut Ball
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT03640442 -
Modified Ramped Position for Intubation of Obese Females.
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT04506996 -
Monday-Focused Tailored Rapid Interactive Mobile Messaging for Weight Management 2
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT06019832 -
Analysis of Stem and Non-Stem Tibial Component
|
N/A | |
Active, not recruiting |
NCT05891834 -
Study of INV-202 in Patients With Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome
|
Phase 2 | |
Active, not recruiting |
NCT05275959 -
Beijing (Peking)---Myopia and Obesity Comorbidity Intervention (BMOCI)
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT04575194 -
Study of the Cardiometabolic Effects of Obesity Pharmacotherapy
|
Phase 4 | |
Completed |
NCT04513769 -
Nutritious Eating With Soul at Rare Variety Cafe
|
N/A | |
Withdrawn |
NCT03042897 -
Exercise and Diet Intervention in Promoting Weight Loss in Obese Patients With Stage I Endometrial Cancer
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT03644524 -
Heat Therapy and Cardiometabolic Health in Obese Women
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT05917873 -
Metabolic Effects of Four-week Lactate-ketone Ester Supplementation
|
N/A | |
Active, not recruiting |
NCT04353258 -
Research Intervention to Support Healthy Eating and Exercise
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT04507867 -
Effect of a NSS to Reduce Complications in Patients With Covid-19 and Comorbidities in Stage III
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT03227575 -
Effects of Brisk Walking and Regular Intensity Exercise Interventions on Glycemic Control
|
N/A | |
Completed |
NCT01870947 -
Assisted Exercise in Obese Endometrial Cancer Patients
|
N/A | |
Recruiting |
NCT06007404 -
Understanding Metabolism and Inflammation Risks for Diabetes in Adolescents
|
||
Recruiting |
NCT05972564 -
The Effect of SGLT2 Inhibition on Adipose Inflammation and Endothelial Function
|
Phase 1/Phase 2 | |
Recruiting |
NCT05371496 -
Cardiac and Metabolic Effects of Semaglutide in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
|
Phase 2 |