View clinical trials related to Obesity, Abdominal.
Filter by:Objective: Study the effect of body position on spirometry in obese patients as defined by waist to hip ratio (WHR) of greater than 0.85 in women, and 0.9 in men Background: Spirometry is routinely ordered to work up dyspnea in obesity. The most common abnormality is a restrictive disease pattern. The underlying mechanisms of this pattern are not completely understood. One plausible explanation is diaphragmatic weakness or skeletal muscle weakness. The change in forced vital capacity (FVC) from sitting to supine is a very sensitive and specific test for detecting diaphragmatic weakness. The effect of body position on spirometry in obesity has not been extensively studied, and there are no studies that look at this when obesity is measured by waist to hip ratio. Effect of body position has been studied in normal patients, and it is expected the FVC can decrease as much as 10% when changing from sitting to supine. The investigators do not know what would be considered 'the normal' amount for FVC to decrease by in the obese population, and thus would like to test patients with increased WHR both in sitting and supine position. The investigators also want to do muscle strength test by measuring the maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIPs and MEPs). Anticipated results: the investigators anticipate that our study population will replicate the restrictive disease pattern usually seen in obesity. The investigators also anticipate for the FVC to decrease when in the supine position compared to sitting. The amount by which it decreases will likely fall between 10 -25%. The investigators anticipate to not find any abnormalities in MIPs and MEPs in obesity.
The link between metabolic disturbances and vitamin D receptor (VDR) and MEGALIN (or LRP2) gene polymorphisms remains unclear, particularly among African-American adults. The associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for VDR [rs1544410(BsmI:G/A), rs7975232(ApaI:A/C), rs731236(TaqI:G/A)] and MEGALIN [rs3755166:G/A,rs2075252:C/T, rs2228171:C/T] genes with incident and prevalent metabolic disturbances, including obesity, central obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) were evaluated. From 1,024 African-Americans participating in the Healthy Aging in Neighborhoods of Diversity across the Life Span (HANDLS, Baltimore, MD, 2004-2013) study, 539 subjects were selected who had complete genetic data as well as covariates selected for metabolic outcomes at two consecutive examinations (visits 1 and 2) with a mean follow-up time of 4.64±0.93y. Haplotype (HAP) analyses generated polymorphism groups that were linked to incident and prevalent metabolic disturbances.
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Singapore is approximately half of that in the United States, yet the incidence of type 2 diabetes is similar, and is expected to double in the near future. This indicates that metabolic dysfunction, particularly insulin resistance, is widely prevalent even among individuals who are considered normal-weight or lean by conventional measures, i.e. body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat. These individuals are often referred to as "metabolically-obese normal-weight" (MONW), and have increased risk for cardiometabolic disease despite their normal BMI and total body fat values. The prevalence of the MONW phenotype varies across populations and differs markedly among different ethnicities. However, our understanding of the complex interactions between ethnicity, body composition, and metabolic dysfunction and its reversal remains rudimentary. Previous attempts to characterize the MONW phenotype are confounded by the small but significant differences in BMI or percent body fat between groups (even if all subjects were lean, within the "normal" range), with MONW subjects being always "fatter" than the corresponding control subjects. There are no published studies that prospectively recruited groups of metabolically healthy and unhealthy lean individuals matched on BMI and percent body fat. Furthermore, although weight loss improves body composition and many of the cardiometabolic abnormalities in most obese patients, little is known about the possible therapeutic effects of calorie restriction in MONW subjects. Accordingly, a better understanding of the MONW phenotype and the evaluation of therapeutic approaches for its reversal will have important implications for public health. By facilitating earlier identification of these subjects, who are more likely to go undiagnosed and thus less likely to be treated before clinically overt cardiometabolic disease develops, results from this study will allow for earlier and effective intervention.
Monocentric unblinded two parallel-group randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of diet with or without Nordic Walking on weight loss, physical performance and cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese population
General objective: To assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic syndrome among food insecure and vitamin D deficient older adults in Karaj city, Alborz province in Iran. A two-arm randomised controlled trial (RCT) will be conducted by recruiting participants. Inclusion Criteria: Food insecure, metabolic syndrome; Vitamin D deficiency Exclusion Criteria: those who are already taking any type of vitamin D supplements, Individuals with a history of allergy, Those subjects with serious medical condition such as cancer, heart attack, stroke, and etc., Intervention group: The intervention will start from 10 of May 2017 to 11 of July 2017 for 2 months. The intervention group will receive 50,000 U vitamin D3 per week (equivalent to 1,250 μg) for 8 weeks plus pamphlets and brochures about nutrition and health at the beginning of the study. Control group: The respondents in control group will receive placebo plus brochures and pamphlets related to nutrition and health at the beginning of the study. The data collection process will identify the older adults for both groups; intervention and control. Consent will be obtained from those who are eligible. Anthropometric measurement (height, weight, body mass index, and waist circumference), blood pressure measurement, blood taking and three-day food record will be obtained during baseline from all study respondents in the intervention and control groups. Primary Output: Achieving 25 (OH) D upper than insufficient serum 25(OH) D level >30 ng/l. Secondary Output: Reduction anthropometry (body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), Improved Biomarkers indicators (lipid profile, fasting blood fast), improved blood pressure before and after intervention.
The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of physical exercise through a protocol of concurrent training in the psychological, physical, hormonal and sexual aspects in middle aged men with androgen deficiency in the aging male (ADAM). The study design with randomized clinical trial, comprising men in middle age (40 to 59 years) with ADAM, should be divided into two groups: 1) Control group (CG); 2) Experimental group (EG). Information related to sociodemographic and clinical profile will be collected; Psychological aspects (depressive and anxiety symptoms - Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale ; stress - Perceived Stress Scale); Physical acpects (IMC; Percentage of body fat; Abdominal obesity - waist circumference in cm; Muscle strength - Biodex System 4 PRO isokinetic dynamometer; cardiorespiratory Fitness - Cycle-ergometer - CASE ECG Stress Testing System, General Electric Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI); Hormonal aspects (total and free testosterone - blood collection); Sexual Aspect (Sexual satisfaction- International Index of Erectile Function); DAEM (scale of symptoms of aging). Apply a physical exercise protocol using the functional training method over a six-month period. All information will be collected before and after the intervention period. For statistical analysis, use the SPSS statistical package, version 20.0. (Kolmogorov-Smirnov or Shapiro-Wilk test) for the selection of statistical tests.
There is an ongoing and worsening problem with obesity in the developed, and much of the developing world. Although it has long been realized that Western diets that are rich in sugar and fat play an important role in this, it has only recently been realized that exposure to these diets, particularly in childhood, can damage the part of the brain that determines how much fat there is in the body. The result of this damage is that the so-called "set-point" for fat in this part of the brain is pushed upwards. There is a lot of evidence from animals that activating the brain's balance (vestibular) system pushes this set-point for fat downwards to cause fat loss, probably because this tricks the brain into thinking that the animal is more physically active. The aim of this study is to see whether the same effect can be triggered in humans by non-invasively stimulating the vestibular system with a small electrical current through the skin behind their ears.
This randomized phase II trial studies how well physical activity works in reducing metabolic dysregulation in obese Latina breast cancer survivors. Physical activity may improve fitness and lessen metabolic disease (such as coronary artery disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes) risk factors in patients who have breast cancer.
This study will recruit 40 obese Hispanic youth (12 - 18 years of age who are greater than or equal to Tanner stage 4) from hospitals, clinics, and community centers. Participants will be randomly assigned to 16 weeks of probiotics (3 packets/day of VSL#3) or matched placebo. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate through a proof-of-concept trial that probiotics have the potential to alter the gut microbiome and gut hormones.
This randomized phase II trial studies how well exercise intervention works in targeting adiposity and inflammation with movement to improve prognosis in stage I-III breast cancer survivors. Different types of exercise may reduce inflammation in fat tissue and minimize the risk of cancer recurrence related to being overweight or obese.