View clinical trials related to Nutritional Requirements.
Filter by:Iodine as an essential trace element for human, both excessive and insufficient intake would be harmful for human health. As susceptible population, children will be more sensitive to adverse effects caused by inadequate intake of iodine since they are at the peak of growth and development. Meanwhile, there are few direct evidence to establish dietary intakes levels of iodine for 3-6 years old pre-school children.
In order to solve the bottleneck problems of"zero balance displacement"and"large variation of breastmilk"in the study of iodine EAR of pregnant women, lactating women and infants, firstly, this study intends to clarify the rate of metabolism and distribution of iodine during pregnancy by 125I tracer, SPECT/CT in vivo small animal imaging and γ counting study. Then, the iodine balance study in rats was conducted to verify the degree of "zero balance value displacement"caused by the difference of iodine absorption and store in different organs and tissues under different iodine exposure levels, so as to determine the iodine selection conditions of subjects in the population experiment. To determine the EAR of pregnant women by optimizing the population iodine balance experiment. Secondly, we proposed to study the regulatory mechanism of NIS and Pendrin in the mammary gland of lactating rats under different iodine nutrition levels to clarify the range of breastmilk iodine compensation. Mammary cell experiments intend to clarify the mutual regulations of iodine nutrition, oestrogen, and NIS and Pendrin. Based on the results of animal and cellular experiments, and the effect of genetic, oestrogen and iodine status were considered, a cross-sectional study of lactating women was conducted to determine the normal reference range of breastmilk iodine after screening out the people with abnormal indicators. This study will solve the bottleneck problems and difficulties in the iodine RNI research for pregnant women, lactating women and infants, found the iodine nutritional compensatory mechanism under special physiology, and provide the scientific basis for obtaining the accurate EAR basic data and the revision of iodine DRIs.
The majority of vitamin D research has been done in non-athletic populations, particularly older populations, to analyze muscle weakness, pain, balance, and fractures. It has been reported that over a billion people worldwide are vitamin D deficient, including 36-70% of the young adult population. Previous literature also suggests that, even among healthy athletes, over 50% of subjects sampled had inadequate or insufficient vitamin D levels. Vitamin D deficiency can occur in young women, including pregnant women, and the risk of deficiency is even higher with advancing age in a woman's lifecycle. It is known that preserving skeletal muscle (SM) function is critical for women of all ages to prevent sarcopenia. Two factors in preserving SM are protein intake and resistance training. Relatively unknown are the actions of Vitamin D on SM function. Vitamin D deficiency can have a negative effect on SM function . However, additional research is needed to investigate the increase in SM strength when the serum concentration of vitamin D is improved. It is possible that an athlete may require an increased intake of vitamin D to assure adequate availability and storage for optimal performance; however, is known that food sources of vitamin D are limited in sufficient quantity to meet these requirements. Athletes who are insufficient will require a supplement of vitamin D3 for up to 5000 IU/day for at least eight weeks, to potentially reach optimal levels, then 1000-2000 IU/day for maintenance.
Due to the lack of direct evidence of optimal iodine intake of Chinese children, pregnant and lactating women and infants were found during the recent revision of Chinese dietary reference intakes (DRIs) of iodine in 2013 by the applicant Pro. Zhang, and no systematical research about compensatory mechanism of iodine nutrition in lactating women was found yet. Previous study funded by United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) cooperated with the international experts on iodine and key project of national natural science foundation of China under the guidance of Pro. Zhang, had obtained the safe intake range of iodine from children and pregnant women, more than 10 joint papers were published, which laid the foundation of population study and international cooperation.
Iodine is one of essential micronutrient for human, both iodine deficiency and excess will be harmful for human health. Children is the susceptible population to iodine nutrition, and studies show that even mild iodine deficiency would affect the growth and development of children, so it is urgent to identify the dietary recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of iodine for children to guide children scientifically and safely supplement iodine. There are few studies about the dietary recommended nutrient intake (RNI) of iodine in children, and present data are old and outdated.
Malnutrition of the fat-soluble nutrients vitamin E (α-tocopherol; αT) and vitamin K (phylloquinone; PQ) is problematic. Since αT and PQ are rich in plant foods (e.g. spinach) that are mostly absent of accessible lipid, dietary patterns that can potentiate αT and PQ bioavailability by pairing vegetables with lipid-rich foods have been emphasized. The purpose of this study is to use deuterium-labeled spinach (containing stable isotopes of αT and PQ) to validate eggs as a dietary tool to improve αT and PQ bioavailability directly from a model plant food, and hence achieve nutrient adequacy. It is expected that compared with deuterium-labeled spinach alone, co-ingestion of eggs will dose- and time-dependently increase plasma bioavailability of spinach-derived deuterium-labeled αT and PQ without affecting time to maximal concentrations or half-lives. The outcome will therefore support an egg-based food pairing that can enhance the health benefits of plant-centric dietary patterns.
Malnutrition of the fat-soluble nutrients vitamin E (α-tocopherol; αT) and vitamin K (phylloquinone; PQ) is problematic. Since αT and PQ are rich in plant foods (e.g. spinach) that are mostly absent of accessible lipid, dietary patterns that can potentiate αT and PQ bioavailability by pairing vegetables with lipid-rich foods have been emphasized. The purpose of this study is to use deuterium-labeled spinach (containing stable isotopes of αT and PQ) to validate eggs as a dietary tool to improve αT and PQ bioavailability directly from a model plant food, and hence achieve nutrient adequacy. It is expected that compared with deuterium-labeled spinach alone, co-ingestion of eggs will increase plasma bioavailability of spinach-derived deuterium-labeled αT and PQ without affecting time to maximal concentrations or half-lives. Further, phospholipid-rich egg yolk lipid will enhance nutrient bioavailability compared with vegetable oil. The outcomes will serve as the foundation for easy-to-implement message of public health importance in support of whole eggs and egg whites as part of a plant-based dietary pattern.
A 4-week study was conducted in 25 Chinese euthyroid women. Unified diets with different iodine contents (cooked with non-iodized salt or iodized salt) were provided in two different periods. The total iodine intake from diet, water and air as well as the total iodine excretion by urine, faces and respiration were monitored and determined, and a total of 300 samples were collected. The sweat iodine loss was also considered. Moreover, the regression curve model between the 24-h iodine intake and 24-h iodine excretion was also established.
In this study, we will evaluate the effectiveness of several doses of oral selenomethionine in raising biomarkers of selenium status including plasma selenium concentrations.
The study hypothesis is that different concentrations of nucleotides' supplementation of an infant formula might affect differently growth and/or other clinical parameters in neonates.