View clinical trials related to Nonsuicidal Self-Injury.
Filter by:The present study will use a randomized controlled design to investigate group differences between university students with self-reported stress (comparison group), ADHD, or a history of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in response to a four-week mindfulness instruction program across conditions (formal mindfulness program, informal mindfulness program, inactive control) in terms of the intervention's acceptability and effectiveness.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as direct, intentional physical injury without suicidal intention. Problematic interpersonal relationships and decision-making have been demonstrated to play crucial roles in this maladaptive behavior, especially for adolescents. Accumulating evidence suggests that decision processes and risk-taking are strongly influenced by the affective state of the individual. However, whether these interactions are disrupted in NSSI adolescents has not been systematically examined. In the current study, the investigators modified one of the most widely used paradigms for measuring an individual's risk decision-making, the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART). The investigators combine social reward (green balloon), punishment (red balloon), and control feedback (yellow balloon), to investigate whether the NSSI adolescents have dysfunctional risk-taking behavior while facing different social outcomes. The investigators recruit one group of NSSI adolescents (n = 40) and one health control (HC) group (n = 40), to compare their risk-related decisions during the emotional BART. The investigators hypothesize that compared to HC, NSSI adolescents will show altered effects of social reward and punishment on risk-related decision-making, in particular higher risk avoidance in the context of social punishment.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as direct, intentional physical injury without suicidal intention. Studies revealed that dysfunctional interpersonal relationships and reward-related decision-making may play crucial roles in this maladaptive behavior, especially in adolescents. These interpersonal decision contexts are characterized by constant updating of expectations of rewards and the actual received rewards as well as the associated emotional reactions. These processes have recently been computationally formalized as prediction errors (PE), specifically reward PEs, valence PEs, and arousal PEs (Heffner et al., 2021; Nat Hum Behav). In the current study, the investigators aim to investigate whether these PEs make discernible contributions to social decisions in the context of unfair experiences among adolescents with NSSI and matched healthy control adolescents (HC). Specifically the investigators hypothesized that: 1) reward and emotional PEs show significant predictions of punishment decisions in both groups, 2) however, compared to HC adolescents, the NSSI group will exhibit selective dysfunctions in emotional but not reward PEs leading to punish a norm proposer who provided unfair offers.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as direct, deliberate bodily harm without suicidal intention. In recent years, growing evidence suggests that NSSI has become a worldwide public health issue. People with NSSI behaviors, especially adolescents, commonly exhibit emotion-related and interpersonal problems. Pain empathy represents an essential basal domain of socio-emotional processing and refers to the ability to empathize, connect and share with others' pain. However, altered empathic processing has not been systematically examined in adolescents with NSSI. To this end, the current functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study will recruit one group of NSSI adolescents (n=40) and one healthy control (HC) group (n=40), to compare their neural activity regarding pain empathy processing, which is measured by blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI. The investigators included conditions of physical pain empathy (stimuli depicting noxious stimulation to the limbs) and affective pain empathy (stimuli depicting faces expressing pain) as well as corresponding control stimuli. The investigators hypothesize that compared to HC, NSSI adolescents show increased empathic reactivity to physical pain stimuli in salience and arousal related brain regions but decreased empathic reactivity to affective pain empathic stimuli.
The aim of this study is to study the effectiveness of a whole-school approach that addresses non-suicidal self-injury and targets adolescents, parents and teachers. Whether training and interventions can influence NSSI will be examined. Furthermore, investigations will be conducted to examine whether this whole-school approach can reduce symptoms of mental health problems in adolescents, reduce stigma och increase help-seeking and perception of social support. Using a clustered waitlist control design, six lower secondary schools were randomized to either intervention or waitlist during four months (control groups were then given the intervention). Measures of NSSI, suicidality, mental well-being, stigma, attitudes, help-seeking and perceived social support were administered at baseline, after the intervention and at 6, 12 and 18-months follow-up. Two hundred and sixty-seven adolescents in seventh and eight grade participated in the study (135 active group and 132 control group). The interventions were delivered during four months. For adolescents, interventions were delivered in the class room and consisted of five sessions of the Youth Aware of Mental Health (YAM) program and one additional session focusing specifically on knowledge, stigma and attitudes toward NSSI (KRAS). Parents were offered an online psychoeducation on NSSI, as were all school staff during this time period. School health care personnel, nurses, psychologist and counsellors and other school staff, such as teachers' aids, support staff and mentors took part in a 2-day workshop on NSSI and suicidality.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as direct, deliberate bodily harm without suicidal intention. Recent studies indicate that prevalence rates are increasing worldwide, in particular under adolescents, indicating a growing public health issue. An impaired ability to regulate negative emotion has been suggested to play a potential role in NSSI behavior. Some recent interventions aim at improving dysfunctional emotion regulation via 'acceptance'. Acceptance represents an objective, nonreactive, nonjudgmental, and calming emotion regulation strategy, partly based on the philosophy of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) that has been widely used in the clinical treatment of NSSI behaviors. The aim of the present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study is to examine whether adolescents with NSSI can implement the acceptance strategy in naturalistic emotional contexts (immersive video clips) and whether they differ from healthy controls in terms of behavioral and neural effects. To this end, the investigators recruit one group of NSSI adolescents (n=40) and one healthy control group (n=40), to compare the subjective emotional experience as well as underlying neural activity as measured by blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI. The investigators hypothesize that compared to HC, NSSI adolescents will experience stronger negative emotions and show dysregulated neural recruitment of brain systems engaged in emotional reactivity and regulations (e.g. limbic regions, default mode network, and frontal regions).
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is defined as the direct, deliberate destruction of one's own body tissue without suicidal intent, typically including behaviors such as cutting, burning, or hitting oneself. The risk of engaging in NSSI is particularly high during adolescence. NSSI is associated with impairments in emotion regulation and NSSI behavior serves as an attempt to regulate emotion. We propose to examine whether training adolescents with NSSI to self-regulate using emotion regulation skills to down-regulate hemodynamic activity of the salience network, involved in emotional processing. Moreover, we propose to examine whether limbic-prefrontal cortex connectivity can be increased following neurofeedback, thereby helping adolescents find an optimal way to emotionally regulate with the help of neurofeedback, instead of engaging in NSSI to regulate emotions. We also aim to examine effects of real-time biofeedback by investigating if adolescents can regulate their psychophysiological activity during emotional reactivity with biofeedback. Sixty participants with NSSI will be recruited and offered either real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rt-fMRI-NF) (n = 30) or real-time biofeedback (n = 30) training. Participants each each condition will then be randomized to either an active or a control condition (n = 15/group). Participants will take part in three runs of feedback training. Changes in emotional reactivity as measured with facial electromyography (EMG) before and after feedback training will be the proximal outcome measure together with changes of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) response during real-time fMRI-neurofeedback for the neurofeedback training. Proximal outcome measures for the biofeedback will include psychophysiological measures of emotional reactivity (facialEMG). More distal outcome measures for both neuro- and biofeedback will be measures of NSSI: frequency, methods and severity as well as self-report measures of difficulties with regulating emotions, emotional reactivity and psychiatric symptoms.
The present study will use a randomized controlled design to investigate group differences between students with and without a history of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in response to a single-session mindfulness induction across conditions (formal mindfulness induction, informal mindfulness induction, active control task) in terms of the intervention's acceptability and effectiveness. Effectiveness will be inferred via pre-post changes in state mindfulness, state stress, and state well-being.
Adolescent nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and alcohol misuse, alone and especially in combination, portend significant functional impairment in adulthood (e.g., relationship dysfunction, depression, suicidality). Although psychosocial interventions for NSSI and substance use are effective for some, they are also expensive and require highly trained clinicians. Treatment is therefore often unavailable to disadvantaged adolescents and those who live rurally. Thus, lower-cost alternative treatments are needed. We will evaluate the efficacy of noninvasive transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS), an effective treatment for depression, in reducing risk for NSSI and substance misuse among vulnerable adolescents.
This is a feasibility trial of a digital mental health intervention aimed at young adults (ages 18-25) with nonsuicidal self-injury and who are not currently engaged in mental health treatment. We will pilot three arms: a self-guided DMHI, the DMHI with low-intensity coaching, or an active control which will involve the delivery of non-interactive psychoeducational content via the same app interface. The primary goals of this project are to evaluate the feasibility of the intervention and trial procedures in preparation for a fully-powered randomized-controlled trial.