View clinical trials related to Muscle Protein Synthesis.
Filter by:The combination of dietary protein ingestion and resistance exercise are essential to increase muscle protein synthesis. The vast majority of studies assessing protein intake following resistance exercise in young adults has been conducted exclusively in men or in studies where both men and women are assessed. The increase in muscle mass is thought to be impacted by sex hormones that fluctuate across different phases of the menstrual cycle. However, the effect of menstrual cycle phase on muscle protein synthesis following exercise is not known.
The amount and quality of skeletal muscle mass determines physical performance, but also a significant contributor to metabolic health. As such, the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass is relevant across the lifespan to remain active in family and community life. Food ingestion, particularly protein, is one of the main anabolic to skeletal muscle tissue by stimulating muscle protein synthesis rates. There have been multiple attempts to identify specialized performance nutrition products (e.g., various isolated protein powders) to maximize the anabolic properties of dietary protein on muscle. Our research group, however, has advocated for a food focus approach to meet dietary protein requirements. Particularly, we propose that whole foods demonstrate food matrix effects (nutrient-nutrient interactions) that creates a greater anabolic action on muscle beyond what amino acids can create alone. Therefore, the objective of this study is to identify the anabolic properties of consuming lipid-rich pork products when compared to their leaner counter-parts. Our working hypothesis that the ingestion of 84% or 96% lean ground pork condition will stimulate a greater increase in muscle protein synthesis rates compared to an isocaloric carbohydrate beverage in healthy adults. We further hypothesize that the ingestion of 84% lean pork will augment the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis rates to a greater extent than 96% lean ground pork. To achieve our objective, we will recruit 15 healthy men and women (20-50 y) to receive prime-constant infusions to directly measure muscle protein synthesis rates before and after treatment ingestion using our lab's established methods.
Rationale: Consumption of sufficient dietary protein is fundamental to skeletal muscle mass maintenance and overall health. Conventional animal-based protein sources such as meat, poultry, fish, eggs, and dairy are considered high-quality sources of dietary protein. However, the production of sufficient amounts of these conventional animal-based proteins to meet future global food demands will be challenging. Consequently, there is a great interest in more sustainable alternatives for these high-quality protein sources. Plant-derived proteins can be produced on a more sustainable scale, but are generally considered lower quality protein sources compared to animal-based sources because of incomplete essential amino acid profiles, resulting in lower anabolic properties for skeletal muscle building. Blending different plant-derived proteins can be a solution, but will never match the profile of other high-quality animal-derived proteins, likely necessitating the fortification of such plant-based protein blends with essential amino acids such as leucine. Objective: To assess post-prandial muscle protein synthesis rates in older males in response to ingesting a blend of plant protein fortified with free leucine compared to (gold standard) whey protein and compared to the plant protein blend without additional leucine. Study design: randomized, parallel-group, double-blind, combined superiority non-inferiority, intervention trial. Study population: 45 healthy (BMI 18.5-30 kg/m2) older males (age: 60-75 y inclusive). Intervention: Subjects will consume a beverage containing 20g whey protein isolate, 20g of a plant protein blend or the same plant protein blend fortified with 2g leucine. Continuous intravenous stable isotope amino acid tracer infusions will be applied, with plasma and muscle samples collected at different time points throughout the experimental test day. Main study parameters/endpoints: The primary outcome will be postprandial (0-4h) muscle protein synthesis rates following beverage ingestion.
Muscle tissue consists of proteins. These proteins are built up of small building blocks: amino acids. By consuming enough protein in our diet, we make sure that the body is provided with enough amino acids to facilitate muscle protein building. Also after exercise is protein intake important as it contributes to the recovery process. Providing the growing world population with sufficient animal-derived protein is a challenge. Plant proteins can be produced on a more sustainable commercial scale than conventional animal-derived proteins and therefore, can contribute to feeding our future population. Canola protein is a protein that is derived from rapeseed. The composition of canola seems to be comparable to that of other high-quality animal-based protein sources. But there is no data yet on the effect of canola protein ingestion on muscle growth. Additionally, most research on the effect of protein intake and muscle growth/recovery has been performed in males and we need more insight into the effect in females. The goal of this study is to investigate whether the ingestion of canola protein can stimulate muscle growth just as good as whey protein after a strength exercise session in females. Primary objective: To assess the impact of 20g canola or 20g whey protein vs placebo ingestion on acute 5-hour postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates during recovery from lower-body resistance-type exercise in vivo in young females. Secondary objective: To assess the impact of 20g canola protein vs 20g whey protein ingestion on acute 5-hour postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates during recovery from lower-body resistance-type exercise in vivo in young females. Tertiary objectives: Compare signaling pathways and. postprandial 5-hour plasma glucose, insulin, and amino acid concentrations, (including area under the curve, peak concentrations, and time to peak) following canola protein, whey protein, and placebo ingestion during recovery from lower-body resistance-type exercise in young females. Hypothesis: it is hypothesized that acute 5-hour postprandial muscle protein synthesis rates will be not different following 20g canola protein and 20g whey protein ingestion and higher compared to placebo during lower-body post-exercise recovery in healthy young females.
Adopting a healthy eating pattern is important for meeting dietary recommendations and weight management. Although less clear, it seems reasonable to assume that the eating patterns we typically follow can also affect our psychological wellbeing. As such, healthy eating patterns are often adapted to suit one's personal preference. For example, many people choose to follow a vegetarian-style eating pattern whereby meat, poultry, and seafood are excluded from the diet. However, current research suggests that vegetarian eating patterns may result in decreased synthesis of new muscle proteins when compared to the typical meat-based US-style diet. This ultimately leads to reduced muscle quality and mass which increases the risk of dependence and mobility limitations later in life. Another important factor to consider when adapting a healthy eating pattern is the frequency and distribution of meals throughout the day. In the US, protein intake is typically skewed throughout the day such that people consume more protein at dinner when compared to breakfast. This skewed distribution combined with a low meal frequency (3 meals per day) can also sacrifice the rate of muscle protein synthesis. As such, it is important to investigate the interaction between food choices, meal frequency, and protein distribution to promote muscle health and prevent development of disease and disability. In addition, it is also important to understand how these eating patterns affect enjoyment and pleasure following meals. This work will help to determine healthy eating patterns that promote muscle health and psychological wellbeing.