View clinical trials related to Mouth Neoplasms.
Filter by:This study aims to develop an AI program that can classify oral findings into Normal/variation of normal or an oral disease by clinical photos analysis, aiding in lowering the percentages of false positive and false negative diagnosis of oral diseases.
This clinical trial aims to assess the efficacy of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in the early diagnosis of oral cancer. It focuses on Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs) as precursors to Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Despite the availability of oral screening, diagnostic delays persist, underscoring the importance of exploring non-invasive methodologies. The OCT technology provides cross-sectional analysis of biological tissues, enabling a detailed evaluation of ultrastructural oral mucosal features. The trial aims to compare OCT preliminary evaluation with traditional histology, considered the gold standard in oral lesion diagnosing. It seeks to create a database of pathological OCT data, facilitating the non invasive identification of carcinogenic processes. The goal is to develop a diagnostic algorithm based on OCT, enhancing its ability to detect characteristic patterns such as the keratinized layer, squamous epithelium, basement membrane, and lamina propria in oral tissues affected by OPMDs and OSCC. Furthermore, the trial aims to implement Artificial Intelligence (AI) in OCT image analysis. The use of machine learning algorithms could contribute to a faster and more accurate assessment of images, aiding in early diagnosis. The trial aims to standardize the comparison between in vivo OCT images and histological analysis, adopting a site-specific approach in biopsies to improve correspondence between data collected by both methods. In summary, the trial not only evaluates OCT as a diagnostic tool but also aims to integrate AI to develop a standardized approach that enhances the accuracy of oral cancer diagnosis, providing a significant contribution to clinical practice.
Oral cancer (OC) is a public health problem in Brazil, with high morbidity and mortality, mainly associated with late diagnosis, which implies high-cost treatments and great social impact, with aesthetic and functional sequelae. Smokers and alcoholics are at increased risk for the disease, being early detection the most effective way to increase survival. In Brazil, cancer plan recommends early diagnosis of OC through opportunistic examination, which is carried out during regular visits to the dentist. However, this strategy has not yet been able to reverse the late diagnosis, which may be due to the low access to dental appointments by the most vulnerable groups. Studies point to the effectiveness of the preventive physical examination of the mouth for early detection when directed to the high-risk population. The aim of the present study is to compare different strategies aimed at expanding the access of the high-risk population to preventive physical examination of the mouth. A cluster-randomized trial (control group and experimental groups I and II) will be carried out in Primary Health Care units in Programmatic Area 5.2 of the city of Rio de Janeiro (eight neighborhoods in the West Zone). In the control group, there will be no change in current care. In both experimental groups, Community Agents and health professionals will be trained in OC prevention and instructed to call the users with high-risk for OC to the preventive examination of the mouth at the health unit. After 6 months, in experimental group I, an active search will be carried out for users who did not show up for the preventive examination, while in experimental group II, a campaign on OC will be carried out for a month, inviting the population to the preventive examination. After one year, the number of people at increased risk for OC examined in each group will be compared and correlated with sociodemographic and clinicopathological variables.
The goal of this observational study is to investigate the effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NACI) regimens in treating advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients. We analyzed clinicopathologic features of advanced OSCC patients who received PD-1 inhibitors in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel before surgical tumor resection between 2020 and 2022. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST, version 1.1) and pathologic response were used to evaluate the efficacy of the NACI treatment. Adverse events apparently related to NACI treatment were graded according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events, version 4.0. Disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier survival curves and compared using the log rank test. Additionally, we calculated the area under curve (AUC) to compare the predictive value of PD-L1 expression with baseline serum lipid biomarkers for patient response.
Surgery is usually the first choice for early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, there is currently a lack of consensus on whether patients with clinically negative cervical lymph nodes (N0) should undergo elective neck dissection (END) at the same time. About 20-30% of cT1-2N0M0 oral cancer patients have occult lymph node metastasis, and existing examination methods cannot accurately predict occult cervical lymph node metastasis. Therefore, most clinical retrospective and prospective studies recommend END for cN0 patients. Previous studies have found that no cancer cells were found in the cervical lymph nodes of 70% of patients after END. This unselective END can cause patients with accessory nerve dysfunction, neck scars, etc., and prolong hospitalization and surgery time. Exploring the treatment model for patients with early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. This study intends to conduct a study on the neoadjuvant treatment of tislelizumab, carboplatin, and albumin-bound paclitaxel. After neoadjuvant immunotherapy in patients with early-stage oral cancer (T1-2N0M0), the primary tumor is treated with standard surgical treatment. Comparison with A single-center exploratory clinical study of traditional oral cancer radical resection + selective neck lymphadenectomy was conducted to explore its effectiveness through the difference in 2-year disease-free survival (DFS). This research plan covers 40 patients with early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma. They will be randomly divided into tislelizumab, chemotherapy combined with surgery (experimental group) and traditional surgery (control group) in a 1:1 ratio. The patients' tumors will be collected. Tissues, adjacent cancer tissues, whole blood samples, saliva samples, and matrix samples were used to observe the changes in imaging and pathology compared with treatment. At the same time, the clinical information of the patients was collected, such as quality of life indicators such as judgment function, pathological grading, staging, treatment, Spine, serology, imaging, etc., mainly to evaluate the 2-year event-free survival (EFS) between the experimental group and Weather Forecast, and the 3-year overall survival (OS) and patient quality of life between the experimental group and Weather Forecast.
The goal of this study is to determine the effectiveness of pictorial warning labels (PWLs) featuring narrative (vs. non-narrative) content in communicating the cancer risk of alcohol. Participants will be randomized to view either three narrative or non-narrative PWLs. Key outcome variables include visual attention, message reactance, risk perceptions, and intentions to reduce and stop drinking.
Aim: The current study targets linking serum and salivary dipeptidyl peptidase-4 with oral squamous cell carcinoma and comparing it with potentially malignant lesions and control to validate dipeptidyl peptidase-4 as a diagnostic marker for early detection of oral cancer and to reveal its possible role in carcinogenesis. Methodology: A total of 45 patients were recruited and subdivided into 2 groups: Group I: 15 patients having oral squamous cell carcinoma. Group II: 15 patients with potentially malignant lesions (leukoplakia and oral lichen planus) compared to 15 systemically healthy participants having no oral mucosal lesions acting as a control group (Group III). Serum and whole unstimulated salivary samples were collected from all participants to evaluate dipeptidyl peptidase level in different groups using enzyme linked immune-sorbent assay (ELISA) kit. ROC analysis was done to reveal area under the curve, sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of DPP-4 among different groups.
This phase II trial compares the effect of usual radiation therapy with cisplatin/carboplatin (chemoradiation) to the addition of xevinapant with chemoradiation in patients with head and neck cancer. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays, particles, or radioactive seeds to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Cisplatin is in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds. It works by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells. Carboplatin is in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds. It works in a way similar to the anticancer drug cisplatin, but may be better tolerated than cisplatin. Carboplatin works by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells. Xevinapant is a first-in-class antagonist of inhibitor of apoptosis (programmed cell death) proteins (IAPs), which leads to tumor cell death and enhances tumor cell sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Giving xevinapant with chemoradiation may be more effective in preventing head and neck cancer from growing or spreading than chemoradiation alone.
The aim of study is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of using mobile phone photographs versus conventional clinical examination as a screening tool for early detection of oral cancer.
Employees are to be all screened for oral cancer in work place.