View clinical trials related to Microcephaly.
Filter by:In the human genome, about 750 genes contain one intron excised by the minor spliceosome. These genes are named U12 genes, and these introns, minor or U12 introns. The minor spliceosome comprises its own set of snRNAs, among which U4atac. Its non-coding gene, RNU4ATAC, has been found mutated in Taybi-Linder (TALS), Roifman (RFMN) and Lowry-Wood syndromes (LWS). These rare developmental disorders associate ante- and post-natal growth retardation, microcephaly, skeletal dysplasia, intellectual disability, retinal dystrophy and immunodeficiency. Their physiopathological mechanisms remain unsolved: the number of U12 genes involved, their identity and function, or the cellular mechanisms impacted by the splicing defect, are still unknown. The hypothesis of the study is that U12 genes coding for primary cilia components are particularly sensitive to minor splicing defects caused by RNU4ATAC mutations. Indeed, a child showing signs of TALS but negative for RNU4ATAC was found to carry a homozygous variant in the RTTN gene, coding for the rotatin protein located at the centrosome and the base of the primary cilia and playing a role in maintaining these structures. In addition, bi-allelic RNU4ATAC mutations were identified in five patients presenting with traits suggestive of the Joubert syndrome (JBTS), a well-characterized ciliopathy. These patients also present with traits typical of TALS/RFMN/LWS. To better understand the causes of these pathologies, a cohort of patients with syndromes associated with bi-allele mutations of the RNU4ATAC or RTTN gene will be gathered, in order to conduct studies on the cells of these patients. Blood samples will be taken, as well as skin biopsies, if possible. These samples will be used to create induced pluripotent stem cell lines. Blood samples will also be collected from the parents of RNU4ATAC patients, to eliminate in transcriptomic analyses expression variations due to differences in genetic background. Biopsies of skin, muscle and brain tissue will be collected on foetuses carrying two-allele RNU4ATAC or RTTN mutations whose parents have had a miscarriage or have chosen to have a medical abortion. The biological samples collected will be used to study the transcription level of U12 genes, the splicing of their pre-messenger RNA, their main cellular functions, and the structural characteristics of tissues and cells.
This observational natural history study will follow individuals with MEHMO (Mental disability, Epileptic seizure, Hypopituitarism/Hypogenitalism, Microcephaly, Obesity) syndrome or an eIF2-pathway related disorder, who have symptoms such as intellectual delay, seizures, abnormal hormone and blood sugar levels, and decreased motor skills. No current treatment for these conditions is available. A major impediment to the testing of potential therapeutic interventions is the lack of well-defined outcome measures. This protocol seeks to identify biochemical and clinical markers to monitor disease progression, and better understand the natural history of these conditions. Any person diagnosed with MEHMO syndrome or related conditions, who can travel to the NIH Clinical Center can participate in this study. The study involves: - General health assessment and evaluation - Imaging studies - Laboratory tests - Collection of blood, urine, spinal fluid, skin biopsy.
MELPIDA is proposed for the treatment of subjects with SPG50 and targets neuronal cells to deliver a fully functional human AP4M1 cDNA copy via intrathecal injection to counter the associated neuronal loss. Outcomes will evaluate the safety and tolerability of a single dose of MELPIDA, which will be measured by the treatment-associated adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs). Secondarily, the trial will explore efficacy in terms of disease burden assessments.
This is a retrospective single-center cohort study. The comparison in short- and long-term outcomes will be made between those with and without primary microcephaly in infants weighing ≤ 500 g.
This trial will consist of a clinical series of up to 50 children with Global Developmental Delay and concomitant microcephaly or hyperkinetic movements. All children will be assessed for psychomotor function using standardized assessments, goal specific assessments, with the potential addition of neuroimaging assessment, prior to and after receiving an intensive burst of neuromotor therapy. The interventional effects will be explored by comparing the pre and post interventional assessments and neuroimaging.
Fanconi Anemia (FA) is mentioned in children with congenital malformations including kidney, hart and skeletal malformations (absence or abnormal thumb or forearm), and bone marrow failure or myelodysplasia with a progressive onset in childhood or adulthood. No study has focused on microcephaly, a reduction in brain volume, which is present in 20% of children, and its consequences on cognitive and structural level of the brain. Since 2014, Robert-Debré's team has been interested in this functional cognitive and neuroanatomical approach trough a National PHRC. Preliminary results carried out on 12 children show that their intellectual efficiency was in the normal range for age. However, we noticed a significant difference between abilities in comprehension and verbal reasoning corresponding to what is expected for age, and the sensorimotor skills or fine motor praxia significantly reduced. These difficulties, graphically penalizing for these children, are not always explained by a skeletal malformation of the upper limb, suggesting that musculo-tendinous anomalies may be associated. The objectives of our project are: 1) to identify upper limb musculo-tendinous abnormalities and their functional consequences, 2) to determine if these abnormalities could influence the somatosensory representation of the upper limb at the cerebral cortical level. This project should help us to better understand the fine motor disabilities or developmental coordination disorder of these children, which penalize their learning, and provide them with adapted solutions.
The goal of this registry is to collect information on individuals with Microcephalic Osteodysplastic Primordial Dwarfism Type II (also called MOPDII) and other forms of microcephalic primordial dwarfism. The study team hopes to learn more about these conditions and improve the care of people with it by establishing this registry.
This study will explore whether ZIKV is currently responsible for neurological complications, and particularly microcephaly, in Aedes-infested regions of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Asia. This will inform regional public health strategies, such as vaccination of women of child-bearing age. It will also demonstrate the public health impact of ZIKV infection and increase the understanding of other regional infectious (e.g. cytomegalovirus) causes of microcephaly.
Screening for microcephaly is important at birth and during early childhood. The Guangzhou Surveillance and Clinical Study in Microcephaly (GSCSM) aims to establish a multicentric surveillance system for microcephaly in newborns and infants, to develop a new head circumference reference and microcephaly criteria basing on the local population in Guangzhou, to improve the prediction model of microcephaly, and to follow up the outcomes of the children diagnosed with microcephaly.
The "North Carolina Clinical Genomic Evaluation by Next-gen Exome Sequencing, 2 (NCGENES 2)" study is part of a larger consortium project investigating the clinical utility, or net benefit of an intervention on patient and family well-being as well as diagnostic efficacy, management planning, and medical outcomes. A clinical trial will be implemented to compare (1) first-line exome sequencing to usual care and (2) participant pre-visit preparation to no pre-visit preparation. The study will use a randomized controlled design, with 2x2 factorial design, coupled with patient-reported outcomes and comprehensive clinical data collection addressing key outcomes, to determine the net impact of diagnostic results and secondary findings.