Metabolic Syndrome X Clinical Trial
Official title:
Controlled Feeding Study to Show Effects of Manipulating Carbohydrate and Cheese on Health Markers In Individuals With Metabolic Syndrome
To determine the effects of high cheese diets varying in carbohydrate content on markers of disease risk.
Summary of Proposed Research:
This project will involve four controlled 4 wk feeding periods in individuals with metabolic
syndrome (currently 1/3 of US adults). After a 2 wk run-in period, 20 subjects will be fed
one of three diets in a randomized and balanced order: a typical American High-Carb diet high
in cheese (6 oz/day), a High-Carb diet low in cheese (0 oz/day), or a Moderate-Carb,
high-cheese diet (6 oz/day), Low-Carb, high cheese where cheese displaces an isocaloric
amount of carbohydrate. There will be a 2 wk washout period separating trials during which
subjects consume their normal diet. Specific menus will be designed for each feeding phase
and all food will be prepared for subjects. Testing will occur at baseline and after each
feeding period. Measures of cholesterol beyond standard LDL- and HDL-cholesterol will be done
by examining lipoprotein particle size, apolipoproteins, and fatty acid composition [i.e.,
accumulation of saturated fat in blood and tissues, palmitoleic acid (highly linked to
cardiovascular disease), and detection of phytanic acid (a uniquely bioactive fatty acid in
dairy fat)]. Changes in whole body and regional fat, including measures of visceral fat and
liver fat, will be examined non-invasively by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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