View clinical trials related to Malnutrition.
Filter by:Children 5 years and below, and pregnant/lactating women in pastoralist communities suffer a high burden of acute malnutrition. Improving the health and productivity of animals can reduce the risk malnutrition during the dry periods. The aim of this study is to assess how providing livestock with feeds during critical dry periods can improve household milk availability, consumption and risk of malnutrition in pregnant and lactating mothers, and children 5 years and below. The study will be a cluster randomized control trial conducted in Marsabit County and will involve a total of 1800 households that own livestock and have children 5 years and below. The households will be divided into three groups and each group will have a total of 600 households. Group one, will receive livestock feed enough to maintain 2-3 milking animals during the critical dry period. The second group will receive similar livestock feed but will also receive education and counselling on human nutrition. The third group will be the control arm and will not receive any of the two interventions. The study will aim to estimate how these interventions impact stunting and underweight in children and weight gain for pregnant women by collecting data on middle upper arm circumference, height, weight, and weight-gain during pregnancy every three months in a year. In addition, data on food consumption patterns such as number of meals taken, type/diversity of foods consumed including animal source foods, frequency of times and quantity of specific foods consumed) on at least 6-weekly basis will be collected. To further understand this problem the investigators will collect human illness data including on fever, diarrhoea, and respiratory syndromes among study participants during the regular visits. Socio-economic data including household demographics, incomes, expenditures, asset accumulation, gender roles, and workload and time allocation will be collected quarterly. Biological samples will be collected (venous blood and mother's milk) at recruitment, six months and 12 months. Screening for infections such as brucellosis, micronutrient and mycotoxin analysis will be conducted on the biological samples in order account for infections or conditions that could have an impact on nutritional status of study participants. The study will also assess which of the interventions provide value for money given that resources are scarce.
The main objectives of this study were to correlate between inflammatory markers and cbc indices in severly malnourished children and to determine whether children with SAM can mount an acute phase reactant response namely CRP and to evaluate the usefulness of quantitative CRP as a predictor of severe infections in children with SAM. And to correlate between inflammatory markers and CBC indices (mainly white blood cells and platelets in those children .
- If a patient undergoes gastrectomy, which is a kind of major abdominal operation, he/she loses more than 5% of his/her body weight in 2 months after surgery. This point is one of the criteria of 'risk of malnutrition' according to Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS 2002) and the patient who corresponds to this criterion needs nutritional support. - According to Nutrition Risk Screening (NRS 2002), moderate malnutrition is defined as the state that the patient orally intakes 25~50% of recommended requirements; severe malnutrition is less than 25%. - Meanwhile, when oral nutrition support was provided to patients after gastric cancer surgery, the patients' average daily intake during the first three months was about a half of the recommended requirements. - Putting together the facts i) that the patient underwent major abdominal operation, ii) that the weight loss rate exceeded 5% for two months, iii) that the average daily intake of patients during the first three months was about half of the recommended amount, the patients are eligible to be classified as a group who require nutritional support according to NRS 2002. Therefore, it is intended to verify the efficacy and safety of supplemental parenteral nutrition by comparing Arm A, who are provided oral intake with supplemental parenteral nutrition, Arm B, who are provided oral intake only after curative gastric cancer surgery.
This study will be a single-center, randomized, single-dose, open-label, two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence crossover bioequivalence study to compare the rate and extent of absorption of WD-1602 granule formulation (WD Pharma) to the reference drug Pradaxa® capsule (BI, Germany) under fed conditions in healthy subjects.
Studies to date on the effects of Moringa oleifera in diabetes and anemia and animal studies that examine the utility of moringa for increased milk and litter yield are of small scale, however high-quality large-scale placebo or case-controlled clinical trials to define the impact on infants of moringa leaf powder consumption by breastfeeding mothers are lacking. Moringa has a traditional and agricultural history of use as a galactagogue; despite this and its incorporation into products such as Mother's Milk Tea© and placement on NIH LactMed Lactation Database, this property has not been studied in large clinical trials nor in populations dependent on breastmilk such as in Kisumu, Kenya. This study will improve and add to existing knowledge of moringa's effect on human breastmilk and will provide novel information on the effect of moringa supplementation to lactating mothers on their infant's intestinal inflammation and health. After trial registration, the study was modified to include infant follow up to 18 months for some measures and the children's groups were removed. Although the study was modified to an 18 month follow up, the data were not able to be collected. Further understanding of the acceptability of moringa leaf in a staple food of porridge and more the effect of moringa supplementation on infant and childhood growth, nutrition, and intestinal and systemic inflammation may translate in the future to the cultivation of moringa at the community or household level as an effective resource for the improvement of childhood undernutrition.
Obesity is a chronic disease in which accumulation of excess body fat can result in impaired health. In cases of severe obesity, weight loss surgery can be necessary as a treatment. There are different forms of surgery but the common basic principle is to restrict food intake and decrease the absorption of food in the stomach and intestines. As a consequence, there is a higher risk of developing nutrient deficiency after surgery and supplementation of protein, vitamins, and minerals can be necessary. This study evaluates intakes of protein, vitamins, and minerals in patients with weight loss surgery and compares them to recommended intakes. Further, this study looks at the role of age, sex, and socioeconomic status in this context.
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) affects 16 million children at any one time and is responsible for the deaths of over 500,000 children under 5 years of age each year. Treatment for severe acute malnutrition is based on the Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) model. The current methods used for detecting high risk children have not prevented 5% mortality observed in regions using this program. The purpose of the study is to provide evidence that objective methods for detecting high risk children can be used to optimize efficiency of Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) treatment programs and thus improve child health outcomes.
Over the years, there has been some progress made in reducing stunting in Afghanistan, the prevalence remains high with half of the provinces experiencing rates above the WHO alert threshold. As part of the Country Strategic Plan (CSP), the World Food Programme (WFP) plans to implement a stunting prevention programme in collaboration with Ministry of Public Health (MoPH) through its Public Nutrition Department (PND) in selected locations with stunting rates above 45%. The programme will emphasis on appropriate nutrition support in the '1000 days' window of opportunity with special focus on proven effective nutrition interventions such appropriate breast feeding, complementary feeding, micronutrient supplementation, malnutrition treatment and prevention, WASH.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an optimal-massive intervention (OMI) based on increasing shear viscosity of fluids, nutritional support with oral nutritional supplements (ONS) and triple adaptation of food (rheological and textural, caloric and protein and organoleptic) and oral hygiene improvement on the incidence of respiratory infections in older patients with OD. We have designed a randomized clinical trial, with two parallel arms and 6 months follow-up. The study population will be constituted by older patients of 70 years or more with OD hospitalized at Hospital de Mataró by an acute process that will be identified by using the volume-viscosity swallow clinical test. We will consecutively recruit 500 subjects during admission (Geriatrics, Internal medicine, etc.) at the Hospital de Mataró. Patients included will be randomly assigned to one of both interventional groups: a) study intervention: multifactorial intervention based on fluid viscosity adaptation (with a xanthan gum thickener -> Nutilis Clear®), nutritional support with a triple adaptation of food (texture, caloric and protein content, organoleptic) + pre-thickened ONS and evaluation and treatment of oral hygiene (tooth brushing + antiseptic mouthwashes + professional dental cleaning), or b) control intervention: standard clinical practice (fluid adaptation with Nutilis Powder and simple texture adaptation for solids). Main outcome measures: respiratory infection incidence during the 6-month period follow-up. Secondary outcomes: mortality at 6 months, general hospital readmissions and readmissions due to respiratory infections, nutritional status, hydration status, quality of life, functional status, oral hygiene and dysphagia severity and its relationship with other study variables.
Haydom Global Health Research Center in north central Tanzania represents an important rural setting for performing high-quality medical research in sub-Saharan Africa. The region around Haydom is agricultural (predominantly maize-based), is resource-poor and has a high degree of stunting among local infants-with 70% stunting by 18 months in the MAL-ED study and 50% in the ELICIT study (for Early Life Interventions for Childhood Growth and Development In Tanzania). While the causes of this stunting are multifactorial, a potential contributor is early-life nutritional deficiencies, including inadequate dietary protein. One likely source of low protein delivery to infants is from low intake among area mothers during lactation, with potential effects on breast milk protein content and child weight gain. The current study is a pilot study assessing our study team's ability to successfully deliver protein-containing food products (a balanced-energy protein supplement) to lactating mother is in the area and assessing whether consumption of these food products improves childhood growth in the 1st year of life. This is a pilot study because of the potential difficulties in distributing these products on a large scale for daily consumption. As such, we aim to demonstrate an effective distribution network, a means of assessing adherence, and measuring endpoints while gathering knowledge regarding community acceptance. The current pilot project will evaluate the effectiveness of distribution and adherence on approximately 100 mother/child dyads. If effective, a future project could involve a large enough sample to be powered to detect reasonable changes in linear growth. . So, while the current proposal is not adequately powered to prove a hypothesis, the hypothesis underlying the study design is that daily protein supplementation delivered as a balanced protein product (Plumpy'mum) to lactating mothers for 3 months during the period from 0-6 months post-natal life will result in an increase in infant length-for-age Z-score (LAZ) by end of treatment. LAZ will be compared to controls from prior studies in the area.