View clinical trials related to Lower Respiratory Infection.
Filter by:Main research purpose To investigate the pharmacokinetics of the test preparation azithromycin capsule and the reference preparation azithromycin capsule (Sumamed®) in Chinese healthy adult subjects by single oral administration in fasting state, and to evaluate the bioequivalence of the two preparations by oral administration in fasting state. Secondary research purpose To investigate the safety of the test preparation azithromycin capsule and the reference preparation "Sumamed®" in healthy subjects.
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of point-of-care lung ultrasound versus chest X-ray for the management of childhood lower respiratory infections in a low-resource setting. The main question it aims to answer is: Is point-of-care lung ultrasound as effective as chest X-ray for the management of childhood LRIs in a low-resource setting? Participants will be assigned to either a point-of-care lung ultrasound group (intervention) or a chest X-ray group (control), to compare the effect on overall case management and various clinical outcomes (time to symptom resolution, rate of antibiotic use, length of stay, treatment costs).
Tuberculosis (TB) is the biggest infectious cause of death worldwide, and the biggest cause of death in Sub-Saharan Africa among HIV-positive patients. There is need for a non-sputum-based rapid triage test that identifies individuals with presumptive TB requiring confirmatory diagnostic investigation. Such a test could reduce the burden on health systems, expedite referral and confirmatory testing, and treatment thereby reducing transmission. A non-sputum triage test is needed as many symptomatic patients including those with HIV, can often not produce high quality sputum (which most current diagnostics rely on). Several blood transcriptional diagnostic signatures produced due to immune responses to M. tuberculosis infection have previously been described, however there is lack of real-world performance data especially in high TB/HIV-endemic African settings where rates of HIV (that could compromise sensitivity) and previous TB (that could compromise specificity) are high. Furthermore, by building on prior research that used untargeted sequencing approaches to identify candidate signatures, the investigators are now at a stage to perform the targeted signature measurement at a large scale and cost-efficient manner as part of prospective diagnostic accuracy analyses in real-world settings. Using the framework provided by an EDCTP-funded parent study (SeroSelectTB; PI Holm-Hansen), which is a pan-African evaluation of a point-of-care serological test for active TB, RADIANT has a unique opportunity to pursue several important research questions. RADIANT aims are to 1) evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of selected concise peripheral host transcriptional signatures for active TB among symptomatic persons in South Africa; 2) design a cost-optimised diagnostic algorithm based on transcriptional signatures, SeroSelectTB results, and confirmatory bacteriological testing, and 3) characterise bacteriologically-negative patients classified as non-TB to determine if those with elevated host transcriptional signatures (n=100 expected) have other respiratory pathogens (detected in nasopharyngeal swabs using a commercial multiplex panel) and/or develop active TB within six months (incident active TB).
Lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) is a prevalent disease that threatens the health of older people worldwide. Anemia is also a common disorder in the elderly, and its prevalence increases significantly with age. Most factors that contribute to the development of anemia are improvable. Therefore, we investigated whether anemia was a risk factor for LRTI-caused readmission and death in the elderly occurring within 1 year of discharge from the hospital.
Background: The COVID-19 outbreak has strained the health care system. New tools are needed for diagnostic testing and monitoring of people who have the virus. Researchers want to test a device they hope can screen, detect, and monitor symptoms linked to respiratory diseases like COVID-19. Objective: To evaluate and validate a device that measures breathing, body temperature, heart rate, and tissue oxygenation. Eligibility: Healthy adults ages 18 and older with no flu-like symptoms and no current signs of infection, cough, fever, or sneezing. Design: Participants will have a physical exam. Their vital signs will be taken. Participants will sit in a chair. They will be monitored for 60 to 80 minutes while they do the following tasks: Rest for 10 minutes. They will repeat this after each task. Hold their breath for up to 2 minutes and then rest for 2 minutes. They will do this task 3 times. Pace-breathe with breathing rates of 10, 20, and 30 breaths per minute. They will do this task 2 times. Breathe air that has 5% of carbon dioxide for 5 minutes. During these tasks, data will be collected and recorded with a pulse oximeter, thermometer, respiratory belt, and spirometer. Participants will fill out questionnaires related to their daily activity (medication intake, exercise, smoking, and drinking). Participation will last for 2 to 3 hours.
BCG vaccination may have non-specific effects (NSE) i.e., additional benefits on childhood morbidity and mortality that are separate the vaccine's effect on the incidence of disseminated tuberculosis. Though the available literature is mostly from observational study designs, and is fraught with controversy, BCG vaccination at birth, in a high risk population of HIV exposed children, may protect infants against serious infections other than TB. Yet, other studies indicate that giving BCG later in infancy, when the immune system is more mature, may offer even greater protection. The appropriate timing of BCG vaccination could therefore be up for revision. This study will therefore compare BCG vaccination at birth with BCG vaccination at 14 weeks of age in HIV exposed (HE) babies. Methods: This is an individually randomized clinical trial in 4,500 HIV exposed infants. The intervention is an intra-dermal administration of 0.05 ml of BCG vaccine within 24 hours of birth while the comparator will be an intra-dermal administration of 0.05ml of BCG vaccine at 14 weeks of age. The main study outcomes include: 1. Severe illness in the first 14 weeks of life, 2. Innate and adaptive immune responses to mycobacterial, non-mycobacterial antigens and TLR-agonists 3. Severe illness in the first 14-52 weeks and 0-52 weeks of life. The study will be carried in two health centers and one district hospital in Uganda. Implications: A well-timed BCG vaccination could have important additional benefits in HE infants. This trial could inform the development of programmatically appropriate timing of BCG vaccination for HE infants.
To investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of POL7080 co-administered with SoC during 10 to 14 days of treatment in VAP patients due to suspected or documented Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
To test whether POL7080 is effective in patients with exacerbation of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.