Ischemic Heart Disease Clinical Trial
Official title:
Cardiac and Subcutaneous Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients With Ischemic Heart Disease: Effects of an Acute Oxidative Stress
Coronary artery disease (CAD) pathophysiology involves endothelium-dependent (e.g. nitric
oxide, acetylcholine) and -independent (e.g. adenosine) vascular dilation impairment, which
have been demonstrated at the level of small coronary arteries, medium sized peripheral
arteries and subcutaneous microcirculation. Oxygen supplementation, which is frequently
overused in clinical settings, seems harmful in acute coronary syndromes and increases
microvascular resistance in myocardial and subcutaneous microcirculation through alteration
of endothelium-dependent and -independent dilation by an oxidative mechanism. Whether
endothelial dysfunction, that is well documented at the level of cardiac microcirculation in
CAD patients, is also present at the level of subcutaneous microcirculation is unknown. Also,
unknown is whether an acute oxidative stress can be used to probe myocardial microcirculatory
dysfunction at the level of subcutaneous microcirculation, which is an easily accessible
vascular bed for an in vivo assessment of endothelial-dependent and-independent function.
Alterations in cutaneous vascular signalling are evident early in the disease processes.
Thus, studying subcutaneous circulation in patients with cardiovascular risk factors could
provide vascular information early in CAD processes. This study will test the following 4
hypotheses:
1. Endothelial dysfunction observed at the level of microvascular cardiac arteries is
readily present at the level of subcutaneous microcirculation in a given CAD patient.
2. An acute oxidative stress such as hyperoxia can be used to test myocardial
microcirculatory dysfunction at the level of the more easily accessible subcutaneous
microcirculation.
3. Subcutaneous microcirculation of CAD patients has a lesser vasodilatory response to
acetylcholine or sodium nipride than matched healthy subjects. In addition, CAD patients
are more prone to dermal vasoconstriction in response to oxygen compared to healthy
subjects.
4. Taken that oxygen is still too often given in excess in most clinical settings, the aim
of this study is to rule out possible pitfalls in coronary pressure and resistance
determinations in CAD patients receiving unnecessary oxygen supplementation.
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