View clinical trials related to Insulin Sensitivity.
Filter by:Many teenagers do not get enough sleep. Obesity and diabetes are increasing in teenagers as well. This study plans to learn more about sleep and insulin resistance (insulin not working) in teenagers, and how these things may be related depending on sleep. This is important to know so that the investigators understand how sleep may play a role in health conditions like extra weight gain (increased food intake and less physical activity) and diabetes. To answer this question, the investigators plan to enroll teenagers who get <7 hours of sleep on school nights and measure changes in insulin sensitivity and dietary intake after a week of typical sleep (sleeping on their normal school schedule) and a week of longer sleep (spending 1+ hour longer in bed each night).
The primary goal of this study is to determine the dose of fatty acids that acutely induces mild insulin resistance in healthy volunteers. We hypothesize that a low-dose of fatty acid infusion (Intralipid/heparin) will cause a mild insulin resistance. The dose of fatty acid infusion that reliably causes mild insulin resistance will be selected for use in future studies.
There has been a rise in type 2 diabetes (T2D) rates in adolescents, disproportionately in girls from disadvantaged racial/ethnic groups. This group of girls also is at heightened risk for depression, and depression and T2D are linked. Depressive symptoms are a risk factor for worsening of insulin sensitivity, one if the major precursors to T2D. In preliminary studies, the investigators found that a brief cognitive-behavioral therapy group decreased depressive symptoms and prevented worsening of insulin sensitivity in adolescent girls at-risk for T2D with moderate depressive symptoms. The aims of this study are: 1) to assess the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral therapy depression group vs. a health education control group for improving insulin sensitivity and preserving insulin secretion in racially/ethnically diverse adolescent girls at-risk for T2D with moderate depressive symptoms over a 1-year follow-up; 2) to evaluate changes in eating, physical activity, and sleep as explanatory and 3) to test changes in cortisol factors as explanatory.
In this explorative randomized clinical study, the investigators aim to study metabolic, cellular, and molecular changes that occur during weight loss in obese subjects with and without type 2 diabetes. Using novel "imiomics" (imaging technique using PET/MR bioinformatics) analyses to examine possible metabolic differences between energy restricted diet and gastric by-pass surgery on whole-body and tissue specific insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, metabolite and protein profiles, fatty acid metabolism, ectopic fat content, and gene expression in adipose tissue. This study aims to identify novel biomarkers and drug targets for type 2 diabetes as well as validate promising and established biomarkers in an interventional model for improved glucose metabolism.
This study will compare the effect of acute consumption of two carbonated drinks, sweetened with sugar or with non-caloric sweeteners, over the insulin response of healthy adults who normally consumed foods or drinks that contain non-caloric sweeteners
The proposed work will investigate the effects of avocados on abdominal obesity and glycemic control among overweight/obese adults.
The aim of this study is to determine whether carnosine supplementation in overweight/obese individuals can improve insulin secretion and/or insulin resistance by decreasing sub clinical inflammation. The investigators hypothesise that carnosine supplementation will reduce type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk factors by lowering chronic low-grade inflammation (CLI), oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products (AGEs), and advanced lipoxidation end products (ALEs). Aim :To determine the capacity of carnosine supplementation to decrease major risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease and identify metabolic pathways involved, specifically by: 1. Reducing diabetes risk (insulin sensitivity; secretory function and glucose tolerance) 2. Improving cardiovascular risk factors (lipids; arterial (aortic) stiffness; central blood pressure (cBP); endothelial function). 3. Decreasing the CLI, oxidative stress, AGEs, and ALEs, and increase detoxification of reactive carbonyl species (RCSs).
The undercarboxylated fractions of the two vitamin K-dependent proteins osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein have been shown to play key roles in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at least in mouse models). Clinical trials are needed to isolate the effects of vitamin K manipulation on carboxylation of these two proteins (osteocalcin and matrix GLA protein) and their subsequent effects on markers of diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk. The purpose of this pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in children is to estimate the effective dose of vitamin K2 (menaquinone-7) supplementation (to improve carboxylation of both osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein), and whether it can have an effect on markers associated with diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk.
The aim of this study was to investigate circulating concentrations of vaspin in fetal and neonatal samples from SGA, AGA and LGA with the respective insulin concentrations. Serum vaspin concentrations were determined by enzyme immunoassay in 22 SGA and 30 LGA and 30 AGA singleton full-term fetuses and neonates on cord blood and postnatal day 5.
A 12 wk aerobic exercise program will reduce visceral, hepatic and intramyocellular fat accumulation and improve insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism in obese sedentary Hispanic adolescents.