Outcome
Type |
Measure |
Description |
Time frame |
Safety issue |
Primary |
Biomarkers of Antioxidant Activity-Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) |
Peripheral blood samples (5 ml) were drawn, separated into serum, and stored at -80 ? within 30 minutes. We measure 2 biomarkers of antioxidant activity, including TAC and SOD. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Primary |
Biomarkers of Inflammation-Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and Tumour Necrosis Factor-a (TNF-a) |
2 inflammatory biomarkers in our study including IL-6 and TNF-a are measured. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Primary |
Cogulation Biomarker-von Willebrand Factor (vWF) |
We measure vWF level in serum, one of the measured cogulation biomarkers in our study. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Primary |
Biomarkers of Endothelial Function and Stress Hormone |
We measure endothelial function biomarkers, including E-selectin and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and 4 stress hormones, including corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol and serotonin. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Primary |
Endothelial Function Biomarker-Endothelin-1(ET-1) |
We measure ET-1 level in serum, an endothelial function biomarker. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Primary |
Cogulation Biomarker-Fibrinogen |
We measure the serum level of fibrinogen, one of the two measured cogulation biomarkers in our study. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Primary |
High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein (Hs-CRP)-an Inflammatory Biomarker |
The serum levels of hs-CRP are measured. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Primary |
Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL)-an Oxidative Stress Biomarker |
Peripheral blood samples (5 ml) were drawn, separated into serum, and stored at -80 ? within 30 minutes. We measure the serum level of ox-LDL. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Primary |
Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px)-a Biomarker of Antioxidant Activity |
Peripheral blood samples (5 ml) were drawn, separated into serum, and stored at -80 ? within 30 minutes. We also measure GSH-Px. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Primary |
Serum Level of Lipid Peroxidation (LPO)-a Biomarker of Oxdative Stress |
Peripheral blood samples (5 ml) were drawn, separated into serum, and stored at -80 ? within 30 minutes. We measure the serum level of LPO. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Secondary |
Blood Pressure |
After sitting in a quiet room for at least 5 min, participants had their left upper arm blood pressure measured by trained technicians using an electronic sphygmomanometer at least three times with 3-min minimum intervals between measurements. The second and third sets of readings were averaged to obtain systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). If the differences among the three measurements were bigger than 5 mmHg, a new round of measurements was arranged. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood pressure are measured at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Secondary |
Insulin Resistance |
The biomarker of insulin resistance is measured, calculated by fasting glucose and fasting insulin using the formula of [fasting insulin (mU/L) × fasting glucose (mmol/L)]/22.5. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Blood samples are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Secondary |
Skin Inflammation Biomarkers |
2 infammation biomarkers from skin samplings are measured, including interleukin-1 Alpha (IL-1a) and Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Skin samplings are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Secondary |
Skin Oxidative Stress Biomarker-Carbonyl Protein |
oxidative stress biomarker in skin samplings includes carbonyl protein. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Skin samplings are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months. |
|
Secondary |
Lung Function-Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1) |
Indicators of lung function include forced vital capacity (FVC) and andforced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1). The values in the Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Lung function is measured at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Secondary |
Lung Function-Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) |
Additional indicator of lung function includes peak expiratory flow (PEF). The values in the Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Lung function is measured at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months of intervention. |
|
Secondary |
Skin Antioxidant Biomarker-Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) |
we measure TAC level, an antioxidant biomarker in skin samplings. The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Skin samplings are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months. |
|
Secondary |
Skin Antioxidant Biomarker-Glutataione (GSH) |
we measure another skin antioxidant biomarker-GSH, . The values in the following Outcome Measure Data Table refer to the means of measurements at 4 follow-ups. |
Skin samplings are obtained at the end of each round of 4 follow-ups with an interval of 2 weeks in the last 2 months. |
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