View clinical trials related to Inflammation.
Filter by:This study will include 100 patients with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, split into 2 groups of 50 patients according to their behaviour type, and their adaptation to different factors of stress encountered in their lives: - the first group will consist of patients with a characteristic Type A behaviour profile, that is to say patients with a "proactive, impatient" behaviour pattern - the second group will consist of patients with a characteristic Type B behaviour profile that is to say patients with a "calm, slow" behaviour pattern The objective is to know if the different behaviour patterns are associated with distinct biological markers likely to influence the evolution of the diabetes. Participation in this study will be approximately 1h30, patients will participate ONCE ONLY: 1. they will answer simple questions about their disease and then complete 3 questionnaires each with 14 items. 2. they will meet a clinical psychologist for an interview lasting approximately 45 minutes recorded on an audio recorder. The consultation will be used to seek links between the psyche and the disease. 3. they will provide one blood sample of 12 ml (equivalent to a soup spoon) drawn in the morning.
Examination of the effect of Linagliptin versus placebo for 6 months on vascular inflammation of the carotic artery and on abdominal adipose tissue inflammation in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. The effect will be assessed by FDG-PET scan. Furthermore the effect of Linagliptin on the vessel wall volume of the carotid artery will be assessed by MRI scan and biomarkers of vascular inflammation will be analyzed in blood samples.
The life expectancy of older Americans continues to increase, with persons aged > 65 years representing the fastest growing segment of the US population (Manton et al., 1995). While prolongation of life remains an important public health goal, a goal of even greater significance is that extended life should involve preservation of the capacity to live independently and to function well physically, cognitively, and socioemotionally (Katz et al., 1983). Therefore, identification of proven interventions to maintaining functioning across these domains and prevent disability is a major public health challenge (Branch et al., 1991). Greater physical and cognitive independence in older adults has been shown to crucially influence social integration in old age (Cornwell & Waite, 2009), resulting in significant increase in quality of life and reduction of risk for morbidity and mortality, social stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms (Bassuk et al., 1999; Seeman, 1996). A promising candidate to promote functional levels across physical, cognitive, and socioemotional domains is the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) (Barraza et al., 2013; Bartz et al., 2011; Feifel et al., 2012; Meyer-Lindenberg et al., 2011; Szeto et al., 2012). Combining neuroendocrine with behavioral approaches (e.g., performance-based measures of physical and cognitive function), the proposed multidisciplinary research therefore sets out to clarify the extent to which intranasal administration of OT over a period of 4 weeks can reduce inflammation and improve physical and cognitive function in older men. Constituting a complementary piece to the IRB approved currently ongoing Faces Study (IRB # 39-2013), this project will also allow examination of interactions between OT's effect on physical health, cognition, and socioemotional function.
The objective is determine the strain measured at the bedside could be a dynamic prognostic marker of during Acute respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).
Periodontitis are inflammatory diseases characterized by the destruction of the tooth-supporting bone due to increased bone resorption by osteoclasts (OCLs). Two forms are described: chronic periodontitis (CP) and aggressive periodontitis (AP) that differ by the severity and rapidity of bone loss, much more important for AP than CP. In both forms, the link with uncontrolled activation of the immune system is largely admitted. Despite the physiopathology of CP is fairly well studied, very few data are available regarding AP. The investigators aim is to understand the severity of AP by analyzing the proportion and action of immune and mesnchymal cells potentially involved in bone destruction, on biopsies of periodontal granulation tissue (surgical waste) and blood. Three groups of 20 patients will be included: affected with AP, CP or controls (necessitating an extraction of wisdom teeth).
Prediabetes, characterized by elevated fasting blood sugar or exaggerated blood sugar response to sugar ingestion, effects over 79 million adult Americans and is a precursor to the development of Type 2 diabetes. Importantly, approximately 42% of Iowans (950,000) have diabetes and 32% (670,000) have prediabetes with the majority of those with prediabetes going undiagnosed. Adults with prediabetes demonstrate early signs of cardiovascular and nervous system abnormalities and are at high risk for developing overt diabetes unless aggressive lifestyle (weight loss, exercise) or pharmacological interventions are employed. Interestingly, data in recent years has linked obesity and diabetes to chronic inflammation of the blood vessels and brain areas that regulate blood pressure. Therefore, the current study will test whether a commonly used aspirin-like anti-inflammatory drug called salsalate, will improve blood vessel health and nervous system dysfunction in adults with prediabetes. Eligible subjects will have measurements of blood pressure, blood vessel function in the arms and eyes, assessments of nerve activity, and blood samples taken before and after 4 weeks of ingesting an FDA approved aspirin-like drug called salsalate. The study is important because it will identify a potentially new pharmacological strategy to treat vascular and nervous system abnormalities in overweight and obese adults with early stage type 2 diabetes using an inexpensive, generically available drug with an excellent safety record that has been used for decades to treat chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. If proven effective, this will provide preliminary support for the concept of targeting inflammation as a new clinical approach to treating early diabetes related complications. Furthermore, the current pilot study will provide support for developing a larger clinical trial using salsalate that could potentially then be extended to patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, as well as lead to the development of new anti-inflammatory agents with greater specificity for selective inflammatory pathways.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common disabling condition, for which no effective therapy currently exists. Synovitis has been demonstrated in hand OA imaging. Synovial inflammation due to the release of cytokines is an important cause of pain. Methotrexate (MTX) helps to decrease synovitis in many inflammatory joint diseases, particularly rheumatoid arthritis. The aim of the present study is to assess the efficacy of MTX in decreasing pain and inflammation in symptomatic hand OA. Methods: One hundred and twenty patients with American College of Rheumatology (ACR) clinical and radiographic criteria of primary knee OA with hand pain, [>4 on the 24-hour average pain severity scale (0-10) using mean of daily ratings from week preceding randomization] for > 14 days/month during 3 consecutive months preceding enrollment will be included in this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Patients meeting the eligibility criteria were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive either 25mg/week oral MTX (n=60) or placebo (n=60) together with their usual therapy provided the dosages were kept constant for 28 weeks. Pain will be assessed using the Visual Analogue pain Scale, (VAS, 0-100 mm). Functional assessment will be performed using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and Activities of daily living (ADL) scores. Alterations in dosage of analgesic/NSAID drugs used will be recorded. Safety and tolerability will also be assessed. Synovitis will be detected by ultrasound imaging.
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a devastating form of acute lung inflammation, that may be caused by a variety of insults with pulmonary and systemic infectious disease being the most common predisposing factor. Sepsis, on the other hand, represents the systemic inflammatory response to an invading pathogen, which may inflict damage upon the host through organ dysfunction. ARDS and sepsis are heterogenous clinical conditions that have a high mortality, and both diseases involve a complex interplay of different inflammatory mediators and cell types. It has been suggested that locally released inflammatory mediators pass from the lungs into the bloodstream following ARDS, triggering systemic inflammation. Conversely, it is possible that severe systemic inflammation may lead to ARDS by an influx of inflammatory mediators from the bloodstream to the lungs. However, the time course and the possible pathways for this transmission of disease have yet to be established. Investigators hypothesize that: 1. Primary systemic inflammation is followed by a secondary pulmonary inflammatory response 2. Primary pulmonary inflammation is followed by a secondary systemic inflammatory response 3. Both primary and secondary inflammatory responses are characterized by the appearance of pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory cells and production of collagen-like proteins (termed 'lectins') 4. The inflammatory response is most pronounced in the primary afflicted compartment.
Rationale : Electric muscle stimulation reduced critical-illness related weakness in patients with severe sepsis and septic shock. But optimal protocol of the stimulation in unknown. Hypothesis: Focal muscle contraction may improved the muscle power and have systemic anti-inflammatory via cytokine secretion . The difference of electricity used in upper limb or lower limb stimulation may lead to different effect. Study design: Stratified randomized parallel control study, comparing Biceps, Quadriceps electric muscle stimulation vs. non-stimulation group. Participant: adult patients with severe sepsis and acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. Intervention: daily stimulation of bilateral Biceps or Quadriceps by programmed electric devices 32 minutes, 5 days/week Outcome: 1. Primary outcome: Ventilator-dependent days 2. Secondary outcome: change of hand drip muscle power/interleukin-1b/interleukin-6/interleukin-8/TNF-alpha
The investigators are attempting to determine if the response to aspirin in women is related to the level of estrogen and progesterone that a woman has.