View clinical trials related to Infection.
Filter by:This study involves surveying two matched groups of patients that underwent dermatologic surgery at our department. One group had a documented surgical site infection and the other didn't. All patients will be asked to complete a questionnaire in which they assess the physical appearance of their scars and its psychosocial impact. Results will be compared between the groups.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the probiotic Bifidobacterium lactis CCT 7858 in preventing and / or improving gastrointestinal symptoms in adults using antibiotics. For this, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial will be carried out. The sample will be composed of adults who will be recruited in a hospital, who have been hospitalized and receive a prescription for antibiotics. The individuals will be separated into two groups: intervention and placebo. 104 patients will be included, 52 for each group. Inclusion criteria: adults of both sexes and aged between 18 and 65 years, who have been recruited within 24 hours after starting antibiotic treatment, the prescribed treatment should be with antibiotics for a minimum of 9 days and a maximum of 14 days. The informed consent must be signed before starting the study.
External ventricular drains (EVD) are small tubes used in neuro-critical care inserted to measure pressure and treat acute build-up of fluid in the brain by draining the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles, often following an event of traumatic or spontaneous bleeding. While essential to the care of these patients, EVDs run the risk of introducing bacteria into the brain of the patient, causing an EVD associated infection (EVDI). EVDIs are feared complications that are difficult to identify and predict in an intensive care setting. In order to allow for early identification of these infections, CSF is routinely sampled from the EVDs and its constitution analyzed for signs of infection. However, the constitution of the CSF in neuro-critical care patients are often difficult to assess as it is frequently mixed with blood that often clouds clinical decision making. No fast parameter has been found to yet reliably predict or identify these infections, resulting in excessive treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics in this patient group. EVDI diagnostics rely on mainly CSF analyses and cultures (growth of bacteria in the laboratory). Growing bacteria in the lab may take many days and can seldom guide early decision-making for these infections. Thus, EVDI diagnostics mainly rely on the analysis of the CSF constitution. Many diagnostic criteria rely on the relationship between white and red blood cells in the CSF, with red blood cells being introduced in the CSF following the brain bleed , and white blood cells being seen as a response to infection. These criteria assume that the blood is homogeneous in the CSF. However, from computed tomography (CT) imaging of these patients, it is seen that blood can settle in the brain ventricles. In this study we aim to test the assumption that blood is homogeneously distributed in the CSF by sampling from the CSF in patients. Two samples are serially drawn allocated to a period between where patients are planned for a clinical repositioning, or not. We hypothesise that a heterogeneous distribution of blood in the CSF (as seen on CT imaging) may allow for the CSF constitution to change in serially drawn CSF samples, and that these changes may be exacerbated in repositioned patients as it may disturb the blood that has settled at the bottom of the ventricles as a result of gravity sedimentation. We further believe that these changes may affect clinical decision making and further complicate EVDI diagnostics.
No biological marker is highly specific of infection and currently available, especially for bacterial infection. The ideal marker would be easy to perform, rapidly, inexpensive, and correlated with the severity and prognosis of the infection. decreased in eosinophil count (EC) is unspecific of a particular clinical picture and may support a systemic inflammation, whereas the deeper the eosinopenia is, the darker is the prognosis in ICU. The duration of eosinopenia is not clearly documented, but it has been recently shown that EC tends to normalization, rapidly after appropriate and effective antimicrobial therapy in case of bacterial infection among adults patients hospitalized in a medicine ward. In the light of this findings, Terradas et al. described that EC returned back to normal between the day 2 or day 3 in survivors, indicating a potential interest as a predictive marker of the evolution among hospitalized patients. To the best of our knowledge, no work has studied eosinopenia as a prognostic marker of mortality during bacterial infections in the elderly patients in a hospital setting. Our study aims to evaluate the prognosis value of the EC in a geriatric unit of tertiary care hospital.
The ongoing pandemic of SARS CoV-2 virus is calling for effective preventive and theraputic interventions. Vitamin D has been shown to play immunemodulatory functions in human. Low vitamin D levels have been linked to increased susciptability to infections especially the acute respiratory infections. This randomised controlled study aims to explore the effect of vitamin D administration on the outcome of SARS- CoV2 virus
Background and aim: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are commonly seen after flexible ureteroscopy. Prevention of UTIs remains controversial. The present randomized study aimed to compare the rate of post-procedural UTI in patients subjected to the standard antibiotic prophylaxis alone versus enhanced prophylactic measures. Patients and methods: The study included 100 patients subjected to fURS for management of ureteral and/or renal stones. Patients were equally and randomly allocated into one of the two treatment groups using randomly computer-generated allocation tables and concealed envelope technique. Treatment groups included standard antibiotic prophylaxis group and enhanced prophylaxis group. Patients in the standard antibiotic prophylaxis group IV fluoroquinolone 1 hour preoperatively and oral antibiotics were used for 24h postoperatively. In the enhanced prophylaxis group, patients had urine culture 10 days before the procedure. In addition to the antibiotic prophylaxis, hydrophilic-coated ureteral access sheaths were systematically used.
Active Surveillance Culture programs (ASC) have been initiated in health-care systems in recent years as a mechanism for tracking multi-drug resistant organisms (MDRO), with a goal to reduce the transfer of those organisms to other patients. Consequently, the Center for Disease Prevention and Control (CDC) charged infection control personnel to develop institutional guidelines for the prevention of transmission of multidrug-resistant organisms, within health care settings. The CDC guidelines include performance of active surveillance cultures for patients after admission to health care facilities or to high-risk-patient care units, to detect colonization with target multidrug-resistant organisms. The most commonly tracked antimicrobial resistance organisms in hospital surveillance programs are methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin resistant enterococcus (VRE), Clostridium difficile, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing gram-negative bacilli (e.g. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae), and carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). Patients who are colonized with these potential pathogens are placed under contact precautions to prevent transmission to other patients. While clinical outcomes studies exist for MDR gram-positive organisms [particularly methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)] ASC, data is limited for MDR gram-negative organisms. The study is retrospective cohort study to evaluate if isolation of an MDR gram-negative pathogen on ASC predicts subsequent infection with the same pathogen. Patients >18 years of age, admitted to MHS with ASC for MDR gram-negative pathogens, will be included if criteria met. Outcomes of interest will be evaluated with appropriate statistical tests, and multivariate analyses will be used to control for predictors of interest. All analysis will be considered significant at an alpha of <0.05. The investigators anticipate that increased screening with isolation will result in decreased subsequent MDRO gram-negative infection. Furthermore, the investigators hope that this will also result in improved patient's outcomes, mortality, and decreased cost, including excessive use of anti-infectives and its unintended consequences such as microbial resistance.
A five-month-old healthy girl who presented with painful herpetic gingivostomatitis and perioral vesicles.
The purpose of this prospective, observational study was to evaluate frequency and characteristics of low-grade infections of the intervertebral discs in an unselected real-life patient population undergoing surgery for degenerative pathologies of the spine.
Longitudinal observational cohort study and extension of the MISP ID: 38406 'immunogenicity and safety of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in HIV-infected pre-adolescent girls and boys in Kenya'.