Low-Flow vs. High-Flow Nasal Cannula for Hypoxemic Immunocompromised Patients During Diagnostic Bronchoscopy

Hypoxia Clinical Trial

Official title:

Low-Flow vs. High-Flow Nasal Cannula for Hypoxemic Immunocompromised Patients During Diagnostic Bronchoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Clinical Trial Details — Status: Active, not recruiting

Administrative data

• NCT number: NCT03168815
• Other study ID #: vSep2016
• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Phase: N/A
• Start date: January 10, 2018
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2024

Study information

• Verified date: March 2024
• Source: Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada
• Contact: n/a
• Is FDA regulated: No
• Study type: Interventional

Clinical Trial Summary

Pneumonia is a lung infection. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is a test to diagnose the type of lung infection. While this procedure is being performed, a small amount of oxygen is delivered into the nose (low flow nasal cannula). Occasionally during this procedure, the blood oxygen of the patient may drop and an intervention such as increasing the oxygen flow, or placing the patient on a breathing machine is required. An alternative device called 'Optiflow' can provide high flow oxygen through nasal cannula, and is comfortable for patients. If Optiflow is used during bronchoscopy, it may prevent the blood oxygen from dropping.

Description:

Pneumonia is a lung infection that is a common complication in people with cancer, because of a weak immune system. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy is a test that is commonly used to help doctors diagnose the type of lung infection and treat it appropriately. It involves passing a thin tube with a camera at the end inside the lungs, and taking some fluid samples which are sent for analysis. While this procedure is being performed, a small amount of oxygen is delivered into the nose (low flow nasal cannula). Occasionally during this procedure, the blood oxygen of the patient may drop (even if the patient is receiving oxygen, and especially if the patient has severe pneumonia), and the procedure may have to be interrupted or prematurely stopped. If the oxygen level drops significantly, an intervention such as increasing the oxygen flow, or in the worst-case scenario temporarily placing the patient on a breathing machine is required. An alternative device called 'Optiflow' can provide high flow oxygen through nasal cannula, and is comfortable for patients. Optiflow was approved by Health Canada in 2006, and is commonly used in hospitals in Ontario and around the world to support patients whose blood oxygen is low. If Optiflow is used during bronchoscopy, it may prevent the blood oxygen from dropping.

Recruitment information / eligibility

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Enrollment: 98
• Est. completion date: December 31, 2024
• Est. primary completion date: December 31, 2024
• Accepts healthy volunteers: No
• Gender: All
• Age group: 18 Years and older

Eligibility

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients =18 years scheduled to undergo FOB (as determined by their medical care team) who are immunocompromised (active hematologic malignancy or post hematopoietic stem cell transplant), and are hypoxic with pulmonary infiltrates. Hypoxia will be defined as requiring supplemental low flow oxygen = 2L/min by nasal cannula to maintain SpO2 >90%.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. requiring supplemental oxygen > 8L/min by nasal cannula;

2. receiving HFNC before randomization;

3. nasal deformity or packing precluding HFNC use;

4. hypercapnia (PaCO2 > 60) or respiratory acidosis (pH <7.25);

5. requiring NIV for over 1 hour or intubated.

Related Conditions & MeSH terms

• Hematologic Malignancy
• Hematologic Neoplasms
• Hypoxia
• Immunocompromised
• Neoplasms
• Post Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant
• Pulmonary Infiltrates

Intervention

Device:
• High Flow Nasal Cannula or Low Flow Nasal Cannula
HFNC vs LFNC

Locations

Country	Name	City	State
Canada	Mount Sinai Hospital	Toronto	Ontario

Sponsors (2)

Lead Sponsor	Collaborator
Mount Sinai Hospital, Canada	Princess Margaret Hospital, Canada

Country where clinical trial is conducted

Canada, 

References & Publications (25)

16. Kim KC, Hyun DS. Usefulness of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen delivery during bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in spontaneous breathing patients with hypoxemia. European Respiratory Journal. 2014; 44: p706.

23. Chris Hau (respiratory therapist - Princess Margaret Hospital), Clodagh Ryan (Respirologist, Princess Margaret Hospital, Geeta Mehta (Respirologist, Princess Margaret Hospital) (personal communication, November 2016)

Antonelli M, Conti G, Rocco M, Arcangeli A, Cavaliere F, Proietti R, Meduri GU. Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation vs. conventional oxygen supplementation in hypoxemic patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy. Chest. 2002 Apr;121(4):1149-54. doi: 10.1378/chest.121.4.1149. — View Citation

Diab S, Fraser JF. Maintaining Oxygenation Successfully with High Flow Nasal Cannula during Diagnostic Bronchoscopy on a Postoperative Lung Transplant Patient in the Intensive Care. Case Rep Crit Care. 2014;2014:198262. doi: 10.1155/2014/198262. Epub 2014 Nov 13. — View Citation

Fang WF, Chen YC, Chung YH, Woon WT, Tseng CC, Chang HW, Lin MC. Predictors of oxygen desaturation in patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy. Chang Gung Med J. 2006 May-Jun;29(3):306-12. — View Citation

Frat JP, Ragot S, Girault C, Perbet S, Prat G, Boulain T, Demoule A, Ricard JD, Coudroy R, Robert R, Mercat A, Brochard L, Thille AW; REVA network. Effect of non-invasive oxygenation strategies in immunocompromised patients with severe acute respiratory failure: a post-hoc analysis of a randomised trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2016 Aug;4(8):646-652. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(16)30093-5. Epub 2016 May 27. — View Citation

Frat JP, Thille AW, Mercat A, Girault C, Ragot S, Perbet S, Prat G, Boulain T, Morawiec E, Cottereau A, Devaquet J, Nseir S, Razazi K, Mira JP, Argaud L, Chakarian JC, Ricard JD, Wittebole X, Chevalier S, Herbland A, Fartoukh M, Constantin JM, Tonnelier JM, Pierrot M, Mathonnet A, Beduneau G, Deletage-Metreau C, Richard JC, Brochard L, Robert R; FLORALI Study Group; REVA Network. High-flow oxygen through nasal cannula in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jun 4;372(23):2185-96. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1503326. Epub 2015 May 17. — View Citation

Goldstein RA, Rohatgi PK, Bergofsky EH, Block ER, Daniele RP, Dantzker DR, Davis GS, Hunninghake GW, King TE Jr, Metzger WJ, et al. Clinical role of bronchoalveolar lavage in adults with pulmonary disease. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Aug;142(2):481-6. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm/142.2.481. — View Citation

Hohenadel IA, Kiworr M, Genitsariotis R, Zeidler D, Lorenz J. Role of bronchoalveolar lavage in immunocompromised patients with pneumonia treated with a broad spectrum antibiotic and antifungal regimen. Thorax. 2001 Feb;56(2):115-20. doi: 10.1136/thorax.56.2.115. — View Citation

Hummel M, Rudert S, Hof H, Hehlmann R, Buchheidt D. Diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage in febrile patients with hematologic malignancies and pulmonary infiltrates. Ann Hematol. 2008 Apr;87(4):291-7. doi: 10.1007/s00277-007-0391-6. Epub 2007 Oct 12. — View Citation

Kuehnhardt D, Hannemann M, Schmidt B, Heider U, Possinger K, Eucker J. Therapeutic implication of BAL in patients with neutropenia. Ann Hematol. 2009 Dec;88(12):1249-56. doi: 10.1007/s00277-009-0747-1. Epub 2009 May 5. — View Citation

La Combe B, Messika J, Fartoukh M, Ricard JD. Increased use of high-flow nasal oxygen during bronchoscopy. Eur Respir J. 2016 Aug;48(2):590-2. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00565-2016. No abstract available. — View Citation

La Combe B, Messika J, Labbe V, Razazi K, Maitre B, Sztrymf B, Dreyfuss D, Fartoukh M, Ricard JD. High-flow nasal oxygen for bronchoalveolar lavage in acute respiratory failure patients. Eur Respir J. 2016 Apr;47(4):1283-6. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01883-2015. Epub 2016 Feb 11. No abstract available. — View Citation

Lomas C, Roca O, Alvarez A, et al. Fibroscopy in patients with hypoxemic respiratory insufficiency: Utility of the high-flow nasal cannula. Respiratory Medicine CME 2009;2:121.

Lucangelo U, Vassallo FG, Marras E, Ferluga M, Beziza E, Comuzzi L, Berlot G, Zin WA. High-flow nasal interface improves oxygenation in patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Crit Care Res Pract. 2012;2012:506382. doi: 10.1155/2012/506382. Epub 2012 May 20. — View Citation

Maitre B, Jaber S, Maggiore SM, Bergot E, Richard JC, Bakthiari H, Housset B, Boussignac G, Brochard L. Continuous positive airway pressure during fiberoptic bronchoscopy in hypoxemic patients. A randomized double-blind study using a new device. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Sep;162(3 Pt 1):1063-7. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.162.3.9910117. — View Citation

Matsushima Y, Jones RL, King EG, Moysa G, Alton JD. Alterations in pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange during routine fiberoptic bronchoscopy. Chest. 1984 Aug;86(2):184-8. doi: 10.1378/chest.86.2.184. — View Citation

Miguel-Montanes R, Hajage D, Messika J, Bertrand F, Gaudry S, Rafat C, Labbe V, Dufour N, Jean-Baptiste S, Bedet A, Dreyfuss D, Ricard JD. Use of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy to prevent desaturation during tracheal intubation of intensive care patients with mild-to-moderate hypoxemia. Crit Care Med. 2015 Mar;43(3):574-83. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000000743. — View Citation

Miyagi K, Haranaga S, Higa F, Tateyama M, Fujita J. Implementation of bronchoalveolar lavage using a high-flow nasal cannula in five cases of acute respiratory failure. Respir Investig. 2014 Sep;52(5):310-4. doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2014.06.006. Epub 2014 Jul 25. — View Citation

Nishimura M. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in adults. J Intensive Care. 2015 Mar 31;3(1):15. doi: 10.1186/s40560-015-0084-5. eCollection 2015. — View Citation

Parke R, McGuinness S, Eccleston M. Nasal high-flow therapy delivers low level positive airway pressure. Br J Anaesth. 2009 Dec;103(6):886-90. doi: 10.1093/bja/aep280. Epub 2009 Oct 20. — View Citation

Santos PS, Cruz C, Esquinas AM. Increased use of high-flow nasal oxygen during bronchoscopy. Eur Respir J. 2016 Aug;48(2):589. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00441-2016. No abstract available. — View Citation

Schnabel RM, van der Velden K, Osinski A, Rohde G, Roekaerts PM, Bergmans DC. Clinical course and complications following diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage in critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. BMC Pulm Med. 2015 Sep 29;15:107. doi: 10.1186/s12890-015-0104-1. — View Citation

Shannon VR, Andersson BS, Lei X, Champlin RE, Kontoyiannis DP. Utility of early versus late fiberoptic bronchoscopy in the evaluation of new pulmonary infiltrates following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010 Apr;45(4):647-55. doi: 10.1038/bmt.2009.203. Epub 2009 Aug 17. — View Citation

Simon M, Braune S, Frings D, Wiontzek AK, Klose H, Kluge S. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen versus non-invasive ventilation in patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure undergoing flexible bronchoscopy--a prospective randomised trial. Crit Care. 2014 Dec 22;18(6):712. doi: 10.1186/s13054-014-0712-9. — View Citation

* Note: There are 25 references in all — Click here to view all references

Outcome

Type	Measure	Description	Time frame	Safety issue
Primary	Desaturation during FOB	Any desaturation during FOB or during the 1 hour post-FOB defined as a drop in SpO2 of 4% or more for more than 1 minute or any drop in O2 less than 90%, and necessitating an increase in FiO2 to maintain a saturation =92% for at least 1 minute.	The SpO2 will be measured using a bedside SpO2 measuring device during or 1 hour post-FOB defined as a drop in SpO2 of 4% or more for > 1 minute or any drop in O2 <90% necessitating an increase in FiO2 to maintain a saturation =92% for at least 1 minute.