Hypertension Clinical Trial
Official title:
Controlled Clinical Trial of the Effect of Cocoa Consumption in Lowering Blood Pressure and in the Modulation of Endothelial Inflammation in Hypertensive Patients Assigned to an Entity Health Promoting.
In Colombia, ischemic heart disease and stroke are one of the most important causes of death
in 45 years old people. Care of cases of disease represents high costs for the health system
in particular and society in general, due to the loss of productive years life and costs for
the care of the aftermath. Hypertension (HT) is one of the preventable risk factors for
major cerebrovascular disorders. The pathophysiology of Essential hypertension is complex
and depends of interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Among the determining
elements are the increase in the activity of the sympathetic nervous system, the
vasoconstricting and overproduction of hormones associated with sodium retention, disruption
in renin secretion with increased production of aldosterone and angiotensin II, the
deregulation of the kinins system, the increase in peripheral vascular resistance and
activity of Growth factors in atherogenesis and vascular endothelial dysfunction, increased
cardiac output, diabetes mellitus, obesity, and lower production of vasodilators such as
brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), the prostacyclins and nitric oxide (NO), among others.
Cocoa is a food rich in flavonoids, which stimulate the enzyme activity of endothelial
nitric oxide synthase (e-NOS), responsible of the production of NO in vascular smooth
muscle. The flavonoids modulate the synthesis of inflammatory substances that are derived
from endothelial cells and the immune system.
In a recent study found that with a few grams of cocoa achieves a significant reduction in
blood pressure, so the investigators propose a controlled clinical trial to assess the
effect of different doses of cocoa on blood pressure and endothelial inflammation in men
with essential hypertension, stage I-II without target organ damage, in addition to
pharmacologic monotherapy defined for the management of their disease. The investigators
hope to determine an optimal dose of cocoa, with long-term effects, by their high content of
flavonoids, improves cardiovascular and endothelial parameters with the advantage that it is
an economical and easy introduction into the patient's habits.
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