View clinical trials related to Hyperinsulinemia.
Filter by:Increasing attention has been paid to meals with unusual characteristics that are consumed on a semi-regular basis (e.g., "tailgating," pizza buffets). The purpose of this study is to describe the acute cardiometabolic effects of a cinema-style meal rich in refined sugar, total carbohydrate, and moderate in fat (i.e., soda, popcorn, candy).
The goal of this clinical study is to test whether postprandial insulin secretion in subjects with prediabetes is mediated by Interleukin-1β and may be influenced by administration of the medicinal product anakinra (Kineret®). The main question it aims to answer is whether there is a difference in insulin secretion following a standardized mixed-meal test under anakinra compared to placebo.
The goal of this clinical trial is to test a single dose of the phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor alpelisib versus placebo in healthy volunteers. The main questions it aims to answer are the impact of acute alpelisib-induced insulin resistance on parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism (how healthy people respond to temporary insulin resistance so that the investigators can see what happens to how the liver handles fat and sugar). Participants will: - Consume their total calculated daily caloric needs in nutritional supplements, divided in three meals, and otherwise fast for 24 hours - Take a dose of alpelisib 300 mg or placebo at bedtime - Wear a continuous glucose monitor for 72 hours - Participate in an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) Researchers will compare blood tests before and during OGTT in participants randomized (like the flip of a coin) to alpelisib versus placebo to see how the drug treatment affects plasma glucose, serum insulin, and serum lipid parameters (triglycerides, free fatty acids, and apolipoprotein B).
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare a two-week course of diazoxide (at two different doses) and placebo in people with overweight/obesity and insulin resistance (IR) with, or at high risk for, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The main questions it aims to answer are how mitigation of compensatory hyperinsulinemia with diazoxide affects parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism (how people with IR and NAFLD respond to lowering high insulin levels so that the investigators can see what happens to how the liver handles fat and sugar). Participants will: - Take 27 doses of diazoxide (at 1 mg per kg of body weight per dose [mpk] or 2 mpk) or of placebo, over 14 days - Take 32 doses of heavy (deuterated) water (50 mL each) over 14 days - Have blood drawn and saliva collected after an overnight fast on four mornings over the two-week study period - Consume their total calculated daily caloric needs as divided into three meals per day - Wear a continuous glucose monitor for the two-week study period Researchers will compare fasting blood tests at intervals during the study period in participants randomized (like the flip of a coin) to diazoxide 1 mpk, diazoxide 2 mpk, or placebo, to see how the drug treatment affects plasma glucose, serum insulin, and serum lipid parameters (triglycerides, free fatty acids, and apolipoprotein B). They will also consume heavy (deuterated) water to assess de novo lipogenesis (building of new fatty acids by the liver).
This is a single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled (crossover) clinical study designed to investigate the specific dose-response impact of insulin infusion rate (IIR) on blood glucose levels during a pancreatic clamp study. The investigators will recruit participants with a history of overweight/obesity and evidence of insulin resistance (i.e., fasting hyperinsulinemia plus prediabetes and/or impaired fasting glucose and/or Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR] score >=2.73), and with evidence of, or clinically judged to be at high risk for, uncomplicated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Participants will undergo two pancreatic clamp procedures in which individualized basal IIR are identified, followed in one by maintenance of basal IIR (maintenance hyperinsulinemia, MH) and in the other by a stepped decline in IIR (reduction toward euinsulinemia, RE). In both clamps the investigators will closely monitor plasma glucose and various metabolic parameters. The primary outcome will be the absolute and relative changes in steady-state plasma glucose levels at each stepped decline in IIR.
When muscles are not contracting, the local energy demand by muscle and use of specific fuels used to produce energy by oxidative metabolism are minimal. The time people spend sitting inactive (sedentary time) typically comprises more than half of the day. This sedentary behavior is associated with elevated risk of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, some cancers, and multiple conditions leading to poor aging. From a progressive series of experiments, the driving goal is to develop a physiological method for sustaining contractile activity via oxidative metabolism over more time than is possible by traditional exercise (hours, not minutes per day). Developing a physiological method suitable of prolonged muscular activity for ordinary people (who are often unfit) requires gaining fundamental insights about muscle biology and biomechanics. This also entails a careful appreciation of the ability to isolate specific muscles in the leg during controlled movements, such as the soleus muscle during isolated plantarflexion. This includes quantifying specific biological processes that are directly responsive to elevated skeletal muscle recruitment. The investigators will focus on movement that is safe and practical for ordinary people to do given their high amount of daily sitting time. This includes developing methods to optimally raise muscle contractile activity, in a way that is not limited by fatigue, and is feasible throughout as many minutes of the day as possible safely. This also requires development of methodologies to quantify specific muscular activity, rather than generalized body movement. There is a need to learn how much people can increase muscle metabolism by physical activity that is perceived to them as being light effort. It is important to learn if this impacts systemic metabolic processes under experimental conditions over a short term time span in order to avoid confounding influences of changes in body weight or other factors.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is associated with metabolic symptoms such as hyperinsulinemia. Time-restricted eating may reduce serum insulin and improve insulin resistance in patients with PCOS. Currently, there are few studies investigating time-restricted eating in patients with PCOS. The investigators plan to test the feasibility of time-restricted eating in the management of PCOS by means of a real-world clinical intervention. The investigators will determine if an 18:6 eating protocol reduces insulin levels by means of a randomised controlled crossover trial.
Recent evidence suggests that hyperinsulinemia (i.e., elevated insulin levels) is the primary causative factor in obesity. Insulin promotes fat storage and prevents fat breakdown, suggesting that weight loss would be optimized if insulin levels are managed and kept low. Understanding how different foods impact insulin levels could therefore aid in personalized weight loss (or weight maintenance) advice. It has been shown that salivary insulin can track plasma insulin following different meals and can delineate between lean and obese people. Thus, it was suggested that salivary insulin could be a potential surrogate for plasma insulin. The purpose of this study is to measure fasting saliva insulin, and salivary insulin responses to a standardized meal tolerance test in individuals with different body mass index (BMI).
Background: The adrenal gland makes the hormone aldosterone. This helps regulate blood pressure. An adrenal gland tumor that makes too much aldosterone can cause high blood pressure and low potassium. The cause of these tumors is unknown, but sometimes they are inherited. Objective: To study the genes that may cause primary aldosteronism in Black individuals. Eligibility: People ages 18-70 who: Are Black, African American, or of Caribbean descent And have difficult to control blood pressure or primary aldosteronism Relatives of people with primary aldosteronism Design: Participants who are relatives of people with primary aldosteronism will have only 1 visit, with medical history and blood tests. Participants with primary aldosteronism or difficult to control blood pressure (suspected to possibly have primary aldosteronism) will be screened with a 1-2 hour visit. If they qualify, they will return for a hospital stay for 7-10 days. Tests may include: Medical history Physical exam Blood tests: Participants will have a small tube (IV catheter) inserted in a vein in the arm. They may drink a glucose-containing liquid or get a salt solution. If medically indicated, they may have invasive blood tests with a separate consent. Urine tests: Some require a high-salt diet for 3 days. Heart tests Scans: Participants lie in a machine that takes pictures of the body. A dye may be injected through a vein. Small hair sample taken from near the scalp. Kidney ultrasound Bone density scan: Participants lie on a table while a camera passes over the body. If the doctors feel it is medically necessary, they will offer participants treatment depending on their results. These treatments may cure the patient of their disease and may include: 1. Having one adrenal gland removed by the Endocrine surgeon under anesthesia. Patients will have follow-up visits 2-4 weeks after surgery. 2. Taking drugs to block the effects of aldosterone Participants may return about 1 year later to repeat testing.
Insulin resistant volunteers will choose to undergo an 8-week cold treatment, 2 hours per day, to selective regions of the body enriched with brown fat including neck, supraclavicular and interscapular regions) in combination with electroacupuncture (EA). Their insulin sensitivity and glucose and lipid homeostasis will be measured. The brown fat activation will be assessed by positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT)-scans and/or serum marker measurements.